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  • Flamenco Guitar Juan Martín Part 2

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    Robert Allwood
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    p51-85 from Word, PDF w/tags (whatever they are!). Original book had been scanned and placed in a Word doc as graphics.

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    p51-85 from Word, PDF w/tags (whatever they are!). Original book had been scanned and placed in a Word doc as graphics.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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    Segnala contenuti inappropriati
    614 visualizzazioni35 pagine

    Flamenco Guitar Juan Martín Part 2

    Caricato da

    Robert Allwood
    p51-85 from Word, PDF w/tags (whatever they are!). Original book had been scanned and placed in a Word doc as graphics.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Scarica in formato PDF o leggi online su Scribd
    Segnala contenuti inappropriati
    di 35
    The main birth place of Flamenco was within an area of Andalucia centred on jerez de la Frontera and extending — to include Sevilla, Cidiz, Granada, Malaga and Ronda. It is bordered to the north by the ancient limits of the Moorish conquest of Spain. In this extraordinary crucible of musical alchemy were fused the elements, including Moorish, Mozarabic, Islamic, Hebraic, Hindu, Persian, Byzantine and Greek liturgical, which together made a uniquely Andaluz amalgam of musical culture. Somehow it became transmuted into the pure gold of Flamenco. Further evolution of Flamenco The processes of absorption and intermingling, by which Flamenco incorporated many forms of Andaluz folk- music as well as, later on, some South American songs and rhythms have been continuing ones. In turn Flamenco has influenced the wider sphere of Spanish song and dance. While the trend has lately been to look north and west- ward, towards jazz and European popular music for newer sources of inspiration, it is probably much truer to the early traditions of Flamenco and to its special capacities for musical expression to look south and eastward, to the world of Islam in North Africa and Asia Minor. LESSON 9 Fandangos de Huelva The Fandango has Arabic roots which reach back in time to the early beginnings of Flamenco during the Moors’ occupation of southern Spain. From its birthplace in Andalucfa this ancient form of song and dance spread throughout Spain, and over centuries it has evolved in different ways according to the influence of different regions, localities and individual performers. In the north it was the basis for the Jota, while in the south it gave origin to the Rondefla, the Malaguefia, the Granadina, the Taranta, Minera and Cartagenera, Fandangos and fandanguillos are sung all over Andalucia and are traditionally known by local names. The Performances of much-promoted ‘fendangueros’ became so popular during the earlier decades of this century that for a time the Fandango nearly eclipsed all other styles of Flamenco. Today, from the viewpoint of the guitarist, we can distinguish two main types of Fandango. On the one hand are those highly expressive Fandangos, like the Fandangos Grandes, which belong primarily to the Conte: these allaw considerable individual freedom within the compds. On the other hand are the strongly rhythmic Fandangos which can be both danced and sung. These are particularly associated with the province and town of Huelva. In the Cante por Fandangos, the themes of the coplas are extremely varied, ranging from tragedies of disillusion and betrayal in the more serious styles all the way to ironic humour and absurdity in the most light-hearted. Often, especially in the Fandangos Grandes, the lines (Tetras’) of each copla lead up to a telling point, a dramatic climax oF a humorous punchline at the end, The audience responds with a chorus of “O/é’s, while the guitarist begins an interlude of rasgueo and falsetas which ushers in the new drama of the next cop/a. The communication between singer, guitarist and audience can be incredibly intense, a very moving experience. The COMPAS of Fandangos de Huelva ‘The compas of Fandangos de Huelva is lively, emphatic and unvarying. Its rhythmic structure, compellingly simple when one hears the music, is essentially straightforward. Yet many students find it one of the harder foques to understand, There is only one aspect which needs special clarification, and that is the relationship of the fa/seras to the intervening passages of rhythm rasqueo. Basically the rhythm is made up of 12-beat compases with a recurring pattern of accented beats which you will hear clearly when you listen to the music. In the case of Soleares we were able to state which numbered beats carry the accents of the rhythm, but the compds of Fandangos is different and does not lend itself so well to this simple approach. It can be confusing to try to assign the accents to particular numbered beats because, as is described in detail below, passages of rhythmic rasgueo and falsetas are best counted in different ways. Many fulsetus have 14 beats in their final resolution (ending phrase) and they start two beats earlier than might be expected. Those falsetas which derive directly from coplas of the cante, on the other hand, fit more simply into the recurring pattern of 12 beats, without the need for a longer ending or early beginning, The method of counting the compas is described here in detail so that you can study it at leisure. It will be important for you to understand the underlying principles, but they are unlikely to mean much until you have gained some familiarity with the music. You may well prefer, therefore, to skip the following section on the two types of falseta and to go straight on to studying the recorded solo and the written music. You can then return later to the theory of the compas. Once you have started to play Fandangos it will all seem much clearer, 60 two types of FALSETA id count Fandangos all the way through in consecutive sequences (compases) counted 1 to 12. The phrasiny rasqueo rhythm would fit in well with this method but we would find that the commonest type of fulseta h we will call here a Type | fa/sera, starts with its first accented beat on a count of 11. Rather than counting falseta 11, 12, 1, 2, etc. it is far simpler to count it in compases of 1 to 12 since it is made up, characteristically sical phrases 6 beats long. To do this, we will have to count the rasgueo compés which immediately precede: falseta as | to 10 only, so that we can start again from 1 to 12 at the beginning of the fulsera. But why should this compds of rasqueo before the falseta have to be two beats shorter than the other compase: rasgueo’ The answer lies in the way these fulsetas end, with a resolution which needs one extended compa: ited 1 to 14. It is this long ending phrase which accounts for the fa/seta starting ‘early’ after a rasqueo compés ly 10 beats. After the falseta the rasgueo then resumes again from 1 to 12 {or 1 to 10 if another Type | falsere immediately follows). Ye can summarise the counting as follows I FALSETAS (commonest) Rhythmic resueo | [One shorter compds || Type | fasets in | [Ending ot talsezo, |] | Rhythmic rasqueo in composes of | | of raqueo betore || compass of 1 to 12 || counted as a in composes of 10 12 falset, counted |] (subdivided into || compas of 11014 || 11012 te. 1t0 10 Grbeat phrases) Falsetos which are melodies of coplas of the Cante we can call Type Il Falsecas, They are much less numerous in e Buitarist’s repertoire than Type | falsetas and easier to count. Their melodies are phrased in lines of 12 beats on, without the extended final campds (counted | to 14) of Type | fa/setas. The counting, therefore, is very ghtforward and may be summarised as follows: I FALSETAS (coplas) Rhythmic rasgueo | [Type Wl fatseta ] [Rhythmic rasqueo in compases of || in compases of | | in compases of 110 12 Lite 12 10 12 ete notation He is a problem about writing down Fandangos in such a way that the accents of the rhythm can be easily ed from the notation. This is not, of course, a problem for flamencos because they do not learn from written _ fuisic. Most transcribers have adopted a fast 3/4 time, where each beat of the bar corresponds to one counted beat the compds, This method obscures the all-important accentuation of the rhythm, so a slow 3/4 time is used laa here which makes the accents coincide with the first, second and third beats of the bar. The music is slower an it may look at first: one counted number corresponds to one half-beat in the bar. solo Solo which follows is first played on the cassette at normal speed. Fandangos de Huelva can be played at a speed than you will hear, but the speed at which it is recorded was chosen as being fast enough to convey the thythmic pulse of the foque, without being too fast to follow in written music. After the whole solo is fed, the introduction with rasgueo and the first falseta is heard again at a slow speed in order to give you a clear Understanding of the rhythm, the way the more complicated Type | 's Counted and the way the counting fits in with the 3/4 time CASSETTE: LESSON 9, FANDANGOS ef the written notation. i a Antroduction and FALSETA I: In the slower version you will hear a rhythmic introduction with rasgueo and down- did upstrokes [A to B in the music), a traditional Type | fafseta (B to C) made up of typical G-beat arpegio phrases, hen more rasqueo rhythm. Try to play this through with even rhythm and strong emphasis on the accents before roading br {2 Proceed further with the rest of the soto, for which you will need to go back on the cassette to the ing of the whole piece at normal speed. A new chord of G pt fingered in the notation, is played on the lower four sirings on | [aad INTRODUCTION1stFALSETA, SLOWLY ___ beat 7 of the rhythm compases ___ EALSETA 2 is the melody of a traditional cope, so that itis an example of Type Il. Note the diferent counting — {the absence of the extended ending. The melody is played in the key of A'major, changing to A minor in the inal phrase as it resolves back to the usual Phrygian mode of Fandangos. The melody notes are played apoyendo by index and middle finger while the base notes are played sirando by the thumb, ‘Brief comments on fe/setas 3 and 4 follow the written music FANDANGOS DE HUELVA Cojila at 3rd fret —— o SreIa ta! ae of Pah g Pot 8 ne a! eyamié Falseta 1 = == E =e ae 5 6 7 8° 9? w

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