TIME & FREQUENCY SOLUTIONS LTD NTP8 Time Server Reference Manual GPS & Timecode Version

Part Number 0181AA049A Revision 5 25 June 2002

UserReference Manual

Read First: Safety Information

Warnings and Cautions

Warnings ... (1) Dangerous voltages exist in this equipment. Do not attempt any repair without first switching off power to the system, at the front panel switch, and removing the power input connector. Nickel, cadmium and lithium are toxic substances. The nickel cadmium battery or lithium battery is dangerous if broken or dismantled. If any battery chemicals come into contact with skin, wash with copious amount of water, and seek medical attention as required. If the battery is swallowed seek immediate medical attention. Return any faulty batteries to the manufacturer, properly packaged, for disposal. Most board assemblies contain tantalum capacitors or electrolytic capacitors. Both types can explode under fault conditions. Take appropriate precautions when servicing the unit with the lid removed.

(2)

(3)

Caution ... a) c) This unit should only be serviced by qualified personnel, no user serviceable parts inside. Several Board Assemblies contain static sensitive devices. Appropriate procedures must be used when handling these items.

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Head Office Time & Frequency Solutions Ltd 25 Eastways Witham Essex CM8 3AL United Kingdom Phone: +44 (0) 1376 514114 Fax: +44 (0) 1376 516116 www.timefreq.com

Copyright and Trademarks 2002, Time & Frequency Solutions Ltd. All rights reserved. No part of this manual may be copied, reproduced, translated, or reduced to any electronic medium or machine-readable form for any use other than with the Time & Frequency Solutions NTP8 Network Time Server.

The World logo with Time & Frequency Solutions is a trademark of Time & Frequency Solutions Limited All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.

Hardware Warranty Time & Frequency Solutions warrants that this NTP8 hardware shall be free from defects in materials and workmanship for a period of one (1) year, starting from the date of delivery. The warranty set forth in this paragraph shall not apply to software/firmware products.

Software and Firmware License, Limited Warranty This Time & Frequency Solutions software and/or firmware product and is warranted for a period a period of ninety (90) days, starting from the date of delivery.

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T able of Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction
Introduction to the NTP8 Time Server..................................................... 1 Scope of this Manual............................................................................... 2 Feed Back ............................................................................................... 3

Chapter 2 System Contents

Packaging................................................................................................ 4 Getting to know your NTP8 ..................................................................... 5 What other equipment is required. .......................................................... 6

Chapter 3 Installation
Overview.................................................................................................. 7 Preparation.............................................................................................. 7 NTP8 Base Model (Chassis) Installation................................................. 8 Antenna Installation (NTP8 - GPS Only)............................................... 13 Adding Optional Cable (GPS Version Only).......................................... 14 Optional Extra EMP / lightning Filter (GPS Version Only) .................... 15

Chapter 4 Configuration
Configuring the NTP8 Time Server. ...................................................... 16

Chapter 5 Operation
Operation of the NTP8 Time Server ...................................................... 21 Connection of the NTP8 to a network ................................................... 23

Chapter 6 Synchronisation of Clients

Synchronisation of the NTP8 to its source ............................................ 24 Understanding the Network Time Protocol. .......................................... 26 Using the supplied Client Software. ...................................................... 29

Chapter 7 Frequently Asked Questions

Frequently Asked Questions ................................................................. 30

Chapter 8 Trouble Shooting Guide

Trouble Shooting Guide ........................................................................ 32

Chapter 9 Accessories
Accessories .........................................................................................374

Chapter 10 Technical Specifications

Technical Specifcations .......................................................................376

Chapter 11 Contact Us
Contact Us ..........................................................................................378
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Chapter

Introduction

Introduction to the NTP8 Time Server

Congratulations on the purchase of your Time & Frequency Solutions NTPTime Server, Model Number NTP8. This manual will show you how to install, configure, and operate your NTP8 for use as an NTP Time Server. Once up and running your NTP8 will act as an NTP Time Server to provide accurate time synchronisation to your computer clients within milliseconds on a LAN and up to a few tens of a millisecond on a WAN.

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Introduction Scope of this Manual

It is recommended that you read thoroughly this manual to learn about new features of this product, even if you have used Time & Frequency Solutions products before. This manual has been divided into 11 chapters.
Chapter 2 System Contents packaged with your NTP8. Lists the equipment and accessories that have been

This chapter provides the guidelines for Installation Chapter 3 Installation procedures of the NTP8 and its associated components. It is recommended that you read through this chapter before commencing with any installation work. Familiarisation of this chapter will speed the installation process. This chapter also list the connections of the unit and the connection pin outs. = Chapter 4 Configuration If the NTP8 Time Server requires configuration or setup please this chapter will explain the procedure to undertake this process. Chapter 5 Operation User operating Instructions and indications. Chapter 6 Synchronisation of Client Details the techniques for synchronisation clients to the NTP8. Also explains how to use the software that is supplied on the NTP8 CD-ROM. Chapter 7 Frequently Asked Questions This chapter lists the Frequently asked questions by our customers which you may find interesting reading if you have any of your own questions. Chapter 8 Trouble Shooting Guide If you have trouble with your NTP8, you may wish to review this chapter before contacting us. Chapter 9 Accessories Range of Accessories are available with the NTP8 and are listed in this chapter. Chapter 10 Technical Specification This chapter contains the technical specifications for each NTP8 model. Chapter 11 Contact Us And in the event you need to contact us for any reason.

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Introduction

Feed Back
At Time & Frequency Solutions we pride ourselves on a quality product and a superior service that we provide. If you wish to comment on this, or provide improved feedback on this manual then please feel free to contact us. You may email us at feedback@timefreq.com or contact as at the following -

Time & Frequency Solutions Ltd 25 Eastways Witham Essex CM8 3AL Tel +44 (0) 1376 514114 Fax +44 (0) 1376 516116

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2
Packaging

Chapter

System Contents

The NTP8 Time Server is supplied as a package, and will contain the following items. Before you start please check that you have been supplied all of the components.
Component NTP8 Network Time Server. GPS Antenna UTP CAT5 Patch Lead Configuration Lead. UK Mains Lead CD-ROM Factory Configuration Sheet TFS Part No 0181AA000A 0203BA000D HCAT5_PATCHLEAD_2M HCONFIG_LEAD SKMAIN23 Notes

GPS Version Only

If your packaging is short of any item please contact us immediately. Your component list may differ from the above if specific accessories or optional extras were order.

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System Contents Getting to know your NTP8

NTP8 Time Server This is the base product / unit and is the main integral part of the NTP8 system.

GPS Antenna (Supplied Only with NTP GPS version) For the NTP8 GPS version base unit to function correctly it requires an antenna for it to synchronise to an off air standard. The NTP8 GPS version is supplied with the Standard Low Noise GPS antenna, and 15 meters of RG58 cable.

CAT5 Patch Lead The NTP8 package is also supplied with a standard Category 5 unshielded twisted pair cable. You may use this cable to connect the NTP8 Ethernet Interface into your network. The lead is 2 meters long. Configuration Lead The configuration lead is required when then NTP8 requires re-configuration from a previous setting such as a change in its IP address. The lead plugs into the NTP user I/F port and interfaces to an appropriate PC.

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System Contents
CD-ROM The supplied CD ROM contains; -

This reference manual in a PDF format (which you may be viewing from
now).

NTP Client Software - Required for reception of the NTP packets on your

client computers. (The computer(s), which is (are) synchronised to the NTP8 Network Time Server)

NTP8 MIB Tree MIB tree detailing the SNMP traps available from the

NTP8. Useful for Network Management Configuration or IP architect design.

What other equipment is required.

The NTP8 does not require any other tools or equipment other than those supplied in the package for it to function correctly as a Network Time Server. Initial or re-configuration will require a PC or terminal fitted with a serial connection. The PC will require a terminal emulator program or similar software package.

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3
Overview
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Chapter

Installation

This chapter provides the guidelines for Installation procedures of the NTP8 and its associated components. It is recommended that you read through this chapter before commencing with any installation work. Familiarisation of this chapter will speed the installation process. = = The installation procedure requires the following steps.
Preparation The NTP8 Base unit Installation. Positioning of the GPS Antenna (NTP8 GPS version only). Adding additional Cable (NTP8 GPS Version Only) Optional Extra EMP / Lighting Filter (NTP8 GPS Version Only)

Preparation
Before the installation of the Base Unit (Chassis) you may wish to consider the configuration of the NTP8. If you have not requested a specific configuration to be carried out at the factory prior to delivery and / or that the location of the base unit is not easily accessible to a PC you may wish to configure your NTP8 before continuing this chapter. Chapter 4 Configuring your NTP8 Time Server describes the easy configuration process.

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Installation NTP8 Base Model (Chassis) Installation.

The NTP8 Time Server is supplied as a 19" 1U high module, which can be installed as part of a standard 19" rack system or left un-mounted. If you wish to install into a rack it can be retained at the front by the two mounting brackets, which are designed to take standard 19 rack fixings.

Overview of System Connections

Figure 1, shows an overview of the NTP8 GPS Version system connection, and its external hardware connections.

GPS Satellites

GPS

Hyper Terminal / Emulator

GPS Antenna & Cable

CAT5 Cable

Mains Input 85-264 Volts 50/60Hz

TCP / IP Network Client Platform

Figure 1 External Hardware connections for NTP8 Time Server

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Connections to the Rear Panel Please refer to Figure 2, below, to identify the ports of your NTP8 before you attempt to make connections or installation.

Antenna GPS Antenna Connection

1PPS O/P 1 Pulse Per Second Output User I/F

Not Used

10 BASE T Connection to TCP / IP network, AUI Port Connection to TCP/IP network using allernative connections

FUSE

Mains Input 85 to 264 Volts 50 / 60Hz

EARTH Stud

Configuration Port for settings NTP8 Settings or Uploading New Software

Figure 2 Rear Panel of the NTP8 Time Server

GPS Antenna Connections (GPS Version) The antenna must be connected to the BNC port marked GPS Antenna on the rear of the NTP8. The antenna connector is a BNC Socket (50 ohm) and its connections are;Inner: Outer: GPS Signal 1.6GHz ( & + 5v antenna amplifier power) GPS Return. Table 1

Caution

The antenna must not be connected to the BNC port marked IPPS otherwise internal damage will occur to the NTP8, which will invalidate the warranty.

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Installation
Timecode Input Connections (NTP8 Timecode Version) The timecode source connection is made to the BNC port marked Timecode I/P on the rear of the NTP8. The connector is a BNC Socket (50 ohm) and its connections are;Inner: Outer: Timecode source Input Timecode Return. Table 2

Caution

The timecode source must not be connected to the BNC port marked IPPS otherwise internal damage will occur to the NTP8, which will invalidate the warranty.

1 PPS O/P The 1 Pulse per second (1PPS) output is derived from the NTP8 internal CPU clock. If you have a requirement for a 1 PPS you may connect your equipment to this port. The 1PPS has a positive going, on time edge, at a TTL level. Note The 1PPS output will be available from initial power on, although it should be noted until the NTP8 has synchronised the 1 PPS will not be within the quoted accuracy specifications.

Upon synchronisation of the NTP8, the 1PPS will be accurate to the quoted specifications. The 1PPS indicator on the NTP8 front panel will flash to indicate that the 1 PPS is valid. The 1 PPS connector is a BNC Socket (50 ohm) and its connections are;Inner: Outer: 1 PPS, Positive going, on time edge, TTL level.(0v to +5v) 1 PPS Return. Table 3

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User I/F The User I/F port is used for configuration of the NTP8. See Chapter 4 for further details on the how to use this port. The User I/F is a 9 Way D type Socket. Its Pin assignments are shown below, in Table 4 - Pin assignments for User I/F

Pin 2 Pin 3 Pin 5

Data Out (RS232) Data In (RS232) Signal Ground

All other Pins have no function and are open circuit. Table 4 - Pin assignments for User I/F

10 BASE T & AUI Port Two independent ethernet ports are available for interfacing into your network. The 10 Base T uses the standard RJ45 connection. You may use the supplied CAT 5 cable on this port. The AUI port is available for the use of adaptors to allow other media network connections. The Pin assignments for the RJ45 port are shown below in Table .
Pin 1 Pin 2 Pin 3 Pin 6 Tx+ TxRx+ Rx-

Table 5 - Pin Assignment for 10 Base T port

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Earth Stud The NTP8 Time Server is fitted with an Earth stud on the chassis, and may be connected to if required. Mains Connection Connect the NTP8 Time Server via the IEC mains connection at the rear to the appropriate power source using the provided mains lead. The mains switch at the front panel will provide power to the NTP8. The NTP8 is rated at 85-264 Volts with the AC frequency range of 47-63Hz

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Installation Antenna Installation (NTP8 - GPS Only)

It will be necessary to install the supplied antenna for the NTP8 to function correctly. The antenna is a sealed unit. It should be located outside where there is good sky-coverage (e.g. on a roof) and away from high frequency electrical interference sources. It is highly recommended to use the fixings supplied and not to make any additional holes for fixing since this compromises the antennas IP65 rating and will therefore invalidate the warranty.

The GPS antenna is supplied with 15 metres of RG58 50-Ohm coaxial cable. Cable lengths and the run to the equipment must be considered before the mounting and installation. If longer cable runs are required, it is possible to use a higher quality cable such as RG213 or LDF4-50. Please refer to the last section of this chapter for the installation of additional cable or Chapter 9 for a list of cables that can be ordered separately. Connection to the NTP8 The antenna must be connected to the BNC port marked GPS Antenna on the rear of the NTP8. Caution The antenna must not be connected to the BNC port marked IPPS otherwise internal damage will occur to the NTP8, which will invalidate the warranty.
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Installation Adding Optional Cable (GPS Version Only)

You may wish to add feeder cable from the NTP8 to the GPS Antenna in situations when further lengths between the two are required. Time & Frequency Solutions offer a standard range of pre-terminated cables for your applications, or custom lengths and type to suite your requirements. Please see Chapter 9 Accessories. For long distances you may consider using our GPS fibre optic link, which can increase the distance between GPS antenna and the NTP8 to up to 10 KM. If you use your own cable you may use the following Table type to determine the maximum length that you can use against the type and quality of the cable.

Type of Cable RG58 RG213 RG217 LDF4-50

Maximum Length of Cable 18 meters 36 Meters 109 Meters 275 Meters

Table 6

Note:

The Lengths Stated in Table 6 are for indication purposes only and actual lengths depend upon the manufactures specifications and tolerances.

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Installation Optional Extra EMP / lightning Filter (GPS Version Only)

If you have requested the Optional EMP / Lightning Filter then please use the following installations instructions. The EMP/Lightning Filter is always inserted in the coaxial cable between the GPS Antenna and the NTP8.The gas capsule enclosure or shorting stub is fitted in the unprotected area; see Figure 3 for further details. A connection is required between the mounting point and a suitable earth point. Ensure the contact surface of the mounting point is conductive (i.e. free of paint, anodisation or oxides). Fit the filter and tighten the mounting nut ensuring a minimum torque of 6Nm to optimise the contact resistance between the filter body and mounting plate. When reinstalling a lightning protector, the soft copper washer must also be replaced. This will guarantee a low contact resistance between the protector body and the mounting plate.

Figure 3

Warning

The following warnings should be followed when working with or installing the lightning protector. Disconnect or switch off in-line equipment when installing or inspecting the lightning protector. Do not install or inspect the lightning protector during an electrical storm. When connecting the lightning protector make sure that the succeeding equipment and components are disconnected or switched off. The lightning protector is designed to save electrical equipment, but should not considered as being safe for personnel during an electrical storm.
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Chapter

Configuration

Configuring the NTP8 Time Server.

It may not be necessary to configure your NTP8 if you requested a specific configuration to be completed at the factory prior to delivery. Please see the supplied Factory Configuration Sheet, which was supplied with your NTP8, for details of the configuration supplied. If your NTP8 has already been configured to your requirements, you may wish to skip this section. If you wish to configure your NTP8, it will be necessary to connect the NTP8 User Interface Port to a PC that can run HyperTerminal or an equivalent program. For this purpose it will be necessary to use the Configuration Lead supplied. Use the Lead to connect from Port 1 of the NTP8 whilst the other end is connected to an appropriate 9 way PC serial port connector. Power must be applied to the NTP8, before any configuration can be completed. See Chapter 5 Operation for further details Setup of a PC for NTP8 Configuration If you wish to configure the NTP8 from the factory setting or to configure new settings it will be necessary to Run either HyperTerminal or an equivalent terminal emulator that supports ANSI. HyperTerminal will need to be configured to the following settings. The NTP8 requires the following parameters for communication. Ports settings need to be set to Bits Per Second (Baud Rate) Data Bits Parity Flow Control Emulation 38400 8 None Xon/off ANSI

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Configuration
Using the Configuration Menu in the NTP8 The Menu structure for the NTP8 is designed for easy navigation. Any configuration of the NTP8 that is necessary can be updated from this menu. The following keys will help you navigate through the menus; <Numbers> to select the required menus The <0> key and the <Esc> key will bring you back to the previous menu at all times. The <Esc> key will abort any changes that have been made. <Tab> key switches between entry fields <Space> allows, sys log menu to scroll on to the next page.

To save configuration you must enter screen 4 System and select entry 5 Save Configuration for all parameters to be entered and stored on the NTP8 non-volatile ram. Table 7 shows a NTP8 menu structure to aid navigation. Note The menu in HyperTerminal is updated every second. Therefore during the entry process a small delay will appear between entry and update of the display.

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Configuration

1. Configuration

2. Status

3. Diagnostics

4. System

1. Interfaces 2. IP Bindings 3. SNMP

1. Display Syslog 2. Clock Sources 3. Unit Status 4 Source

(NTP8-T Only)

1. Debug On 2. Debug Off 3. Statistics

1. Upload Firmware 2. Save Firmware 3. Debug On 4. Save Configuration

4. ARP Table

IP Address Netmask Gateway

MIB II System Community Names Interface Bindings Read Community Write Community

Year
(Current)

System Name System Description System Location System Contact

Trap Address

Table 7 Tree Structure of the NTP Configuration Menu

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Configuration

Figure 4 A Screen shot for NTP8 User Configuration Menu with callouts

Menu Title Displays the menu screen that you are currently in.

Last Sys Log Event This displays the last event that has occurred whilst the NTP8 is running. This event will be stored in the sys log file, which can be viewed in entry 2 Status, and entry 1 Display Sys Log.

Time and Date Information This window displays the current time and date information of the NTP8.

User Interface Menu Displays the current menu or entry screen.

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Configuration
Quick Configuration Setup. To speed configuration you may wish to follow the sequences below.
IP Bindings

1. Configuration

> 2. IP Bindings >

IP address Net mask Gateway

SNMP Set up for the NTP8 Properties. (Required only if the SNMP feature is to be used)

1. Configuration > 3. SNMP

>

1. MIB II Systems

> > > >

System Name System Description System Location System Contact

2. Community Names > Read Community > Write Community 3. Interface Bindings
(NTP8 - Time Code Only)

> Trap Address

1. Configuration > 4. Source

To save the above configuration.

>

Current Year

4. System

> 4. Save Configuration

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Operation

Operation of the NTP8 Time Server

The front panel of your NTP8 contains all the status Indicators and the Mains power switch. Refer to table 7 and illustration below for descriptions of the Indicators. Please familiarise your self with these indicators before powering on the equipment.

Mains Power Switch

ON

SYNC 1PPS

LINK TX LAN

RX COL

STATUS TIme Source

Figure 5 Front Panel of the NTP8 Time Server

Applying Power The mains Power Switch on the front panel of the NTP8 can be switch the I position, to apply power the NTP8. Once the power has been applied the The Power ON indicator will illuminate Green. The Status Indicator will illuminate Green.

Front Panel Indicator Activity Table 5, on the next page, describes the activity of the Indicators in detail on the NTP8 Time Server.

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Operation
Label Colour Time Source
ON STATUS Green Green Amber Red GPS - SYNC Green Amber Red Timecode - SYNC Green Red

Activity
On On On On On On On On On Off

Remarks
Power is supplied to the NTP8 The NTP8 has no system errors System Fault System Fault NTP8 has synchronised to GPS Loss or no GPS synchronisation. Fault with NTP8 NTP8 is presently synched to Timecode No Synchronisation since power ON Loss of Synchronisation to Timecode GPS synchronisation achieved. 1 PPS output is within specification. No Synchronisation achieved since power on

1PPS

Green

Flashing / 1 second Off

LAN Connections
LINK Green Off On No Link exists between the 10 Base T of the NTP8 port and the network. The 10 Mbps half-duplex link between the 10 Base T of the NTP8 and the network is good The NTP8 is sending data out of the port. The NTP8 is receiving data from of the port. Data collision is occurring on the network. Note that occasional collisions are normal.

TX

Green

Flashing

RX

Green

Flashing

COL

Red

Flashing

Table 5 Front Panel Indicator Activity of the NTP8

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Operation Connection of the NTP8 to a network

Using the supplied CAT5 or appropriate cable connect the NTP8 at 10BASET RJ45 network interface at the rear of the NTP8 Time Server to your network at a suitable point. Note If the NTP8 has not been configured for your network, then the present configuration may cause problems on your network, and it is recommended that connection is not made. If you are unsure of your configuration please contact your network administrator.

If you require that your NTP8 is to use another method of connection to your network, you may use the AUI port at the rear of the NTP8. Various adapters are available for connection to a variety of networks media types. The Link Indicator will turn Green to indicate that the NTP8 is attached to a network. (This will not happen if the NTP8 is connected to a network through the AUI port)

In the first Instance you may wish to attempt a PING your NTP8 with the NTP8s IP address from a node. This will confirm that the NTP8s connection to the network is generally functional. The TX and RX indicators will flash Green, to indicate any transmissions or receptions packets respectively from and to the NTP8.

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Operation Synchronisation of the NTP8 to its source

Once power has been applied, the NTP8 will automatically attempt synchronisation to its source. Synchronisation is necessary for the NTP8 Time Server to allow the dissemination of the NTP protocol across a network. For the NTP8 Time Server to perform accurately it must be synchronised to its source. Loss of synchronisation for a short period is acceptable, as the internal temperature controlled oscillator will maintain accurate time, but for periods in excess of 24 hours problems may occur with NTP synchronisation. NTP8 GPS version The GPS version of the NTP8 will require that it can see and track at least four (4) satellites for accurate time. The time that it takes to track 4 satellites varies on a number of factors. The first factor is the location of the antenna; if the location of the antenna is situated in such a position that it has a poor view of the sky / satellites then it may take a longer to synchronise. If the NTP8 has not been previously synchronised for a while, or if its antenna location has moved, for example from one building to another including from the Time & Frequency Solutions factory to the installation site, then synchronisation will take longer. In normally operation without the above instances occurring, the NTP8 will synchronise to GPS in approximately 10 minutes. A small power failure may cause synchronisation to occurring under a couple of minutes. The SYNC indicator will change to Green when the NTP8 has successfully been synchronised to its source. The 1PPS indicator will flash Green at one pulse per second.

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Operation
NTP8 Timecode Version. Synchronisation to a valid Timecode source will take approximately one (1). Note: Note: It is essential that the Timecode source be formatted with UTC time. It is also essential that the configuration within the NTP8 have been set with the present year information. In practice this will only need to be entered once. The default year is 2000.

The NTP8 will automatically update the year stored in its internal configuration when it detects that a year change (role over) has occurred. The NTP8 has a 10-day window, i.e. if synchronisation was lost for up to 9 days before or after the year role over (i.e. the change between two years), but regains synchronisation on the 10th day then the NTP8 will automatically update to the new year.

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Chapter

Synchronising Clients

Understanding the Network Time Protocol.

Why use the Network Time Protocol Accurate Time has always been an important issue, especially in todays world where computer systems are required to precisely time stamp events and occurrences. However, computers are notorious for poor time keeping because they use a basic watch crystal as their internal timebase. This means that the computers internal clock will drift significantly over time, an effect exacerbated by changes in temperature. A computer in an office environment can lose or gain up to 40 seconds in a week. Computers are normally set manually to a known time source such as a speaking clock or broadcast time signal. Once set, most users leave the computer timebase to drift, resetting the operating system clock only on an adhoc basis. Network Time Protocol (NTP) is an Internet Protocol, which propagates time throughout the network and is referenced to UTC. The NTP Time Server acquires UTC time by a direct UTC time scale source, such as GPS. Other options such as IRIG or LF receiver are available.

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Synchronising Clients
Understanding NTP The client computer obtains the NTP protocol by requesting a NTP packet from the NTP Server. The Software that requests the packet handles reception, maintenance and distribution of the time on the computers where it is installed. All Time & Frequency Solutions NTP Time Servers are supplied, with client software as standard for a range of operating systems & platforms. Most client software compensates for the delays over the network, and synchronises the computers an accuracy of typically 1mS to the NTP Server. For larger networks such as WANs delays of up to 10mS can be expected. The type of operating system installed on the client machine can also has an effect on the overall accuracy. Because of the resolution of Microsoft Operating Systems is about 10mS, typically an accuracy 10 to 20ms can only be achieved.
Client Timeline T1 (Originate) T4

Server Timeline

T2 (Receive)

T3 (Transmit)

Figure 6 Basic Method of Delay Calculation Over a Network

Another commonly used protocol is the SNTP (Simple Network Time Protocol). As the name suggest this is a simpler way of obtaining time over a network, but this method does not compensate for delays and therefore is not as accurate. All Time & Frequency Solutions supplied client software uses the NTP protocol, and therefore provides a more reliably solution than SNP. Note: The NTP8 does not support NTP broadcasts.

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Synchronising Clients
NTP Hierarchical Structure The NTP protocol supports a hierarchical structure to ensure the availability of time, allows the user to monitor their position in the hierarchy and thus the quality of the of the time service available.

GPS Satellites

NTP8 - Time Server

Stratum 1

Internet

Stratum 2
Servers Workstations / Servers Workstations (Clients)

Stratum 3
Workstations (Clients) Workstations (Clients)

Figure 7 Explanation of Hierarchical Stratum Structure

The timeservers hierarchy is classed as Stratum, where a Stratum 1 time server that is directly synchronised to traceable standard source such as UTC. A server synchronised to a Stratum 1 server is classed as a Stratum 2 server, and so on. This hierarchical structure allows sub partitioning of groups of networks. Up to 200 Computers may synchronise to a single NTP8 Time Server. We do not recommend increasing the number of clients beyond this limit, as the performance will become degraded due to non-responses.

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Synchronising Clients Using the supplied Client Software.

Time & Frequency Solutions have provided client software on the supplied CD ROM. It contains synchronisation software for use on your platform, under the directory Sync Software. Please look under the applicable directory for the platform / operating system that you are using for the correct installation. Please read the Read me document in the root directory before using this software. If you require assistance on the software, help is available by clicking on the help button on the right hand side of the graphical interface. A help dialogue box will appear.

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Chapter

Frequently Ask Questions

Frequently Asked Questions

The following is a list of commonly asked questions by our customers. If the question that you wished to be answered is not in the list you may contact us. Contact details are found at the end of this manual under Chapter 11.

Can the NTP8 act as a stratum 1 server? Yes, Once the NTP8 has synchronised to a traceable GPS or Off-Air source it will automatically become a stratum 1 server.

Q A

What packet types will the NTP8 respond to? ARP requests - to find ethernet addresses given the TCP/IP address. ICMP echo requests - to allow pings of the NTP server. UDP connections to port 123 the defined NTP server port. SNMP TIME & DAYTIME (port 13 and 37) No other packets are accepted.

Q A

Can a client have two sources of stratum 1 server so if one server loses the time or is offline the client can receive time from the second server? Yes, in most cases the client software will allow the configuration for two IP addresses; one IP address will be the preferred server.

Q A

How do I know if the NTP8 is free running? ie the NTP8 has synchronised to GPS at some point but has now lost synchronisation? The SYNC indicator on the front panel will turn from green to amber The configuration menu will display the [F] symbol next to the time to indicate the NTP8 is free running.
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Q A

What causes the NTP8 GPS Version to loose synchronisation and free run? If the installation of the GPS antenna was originally correct, free running is commonly caused by the faults such as GPS cable feeder integrity or Water ingress to the antenna or feeder cable Satellites visibility has been reduced through new building structures, or the new installation of other equipment above the antenna.

Q A

How many Clients may I connect to one NTP8 Time Server. Up to 200 Clients may synchronise to a single NTP Server. It is not recommend increasing the number of computers, as the performance of all the computers will become degraded due to non-responses. I am not using the Time & Frequency Solutions Network Management System and using a third party software package. Where can I obtain the SNMP trap information? The NTP8 SNMP MIB tree is included on the supplied CD-ROM.

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Trouble Shooting

Trouble Shooting Guide

Here are a few common problems that occur with their likely causes. If these answers do not help you, then please contact us to help us resolve your problem. Contact details are found in Chapter 11. The ON Indicator is illuminated and the status LED is AMBER/RED, but the unit is not operating? If the status indicator is not Green then there is a problem with the NTP8 unit. Attempt to clear the fault by cycling the power on the unit. If this fault reoccurs then please return the unit to the factory, or contact the supplier for further assistance. Unable to obtain Time from the server? Check that the NTP8 has synchronised by checking the SYNC LED indicator has turned green. If the SYNC LED indicator is green check that you are using the correct software. Some synchronising software, will not work with NTP8, because the synchronising software looks for a NTP broadcast message, which the NTP8 does not supply. Q A1 Unable to Ping NTP Ethernet module? If the unit fails to respond to a ping test, check that the TCP/IP address has been correctly set. Check that the correct interface port has been attached to the network. Check the Ethernet connection between your NTP8 and Hub or network connection. The Link LED on your NTP8 and the corresponding network connection LED should be illuminated.

Q A

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A2 If you have recently changed the NTP8s IP Address and have been communicating with the NTP8 across the network then dont forget to clear the arp table for the appropriate MAC address. This can be implemented by typing arp d < IP Address > at the command prompt. Module does not appear to see NTP packets but works with a ping? An NTP8 that pings, does not necessarily mean that a clients NTP requests for NTP packets will respond. If a firewall is installed between the NTP8 and the Client, check that the Firewall settings will allow NTP packets in flow in both directions. Confirm that the Gateway address has been specified in the configuration correctly. If the unit fails to respond to an NTP packet, try using NTPDATE or a similar program to establish communication. Check the client machine is able to send UDP packets on port 123 (the defined NTP port number). Confirm that the NTP8 has not been free running for a long period. Free running occurs when the NTP8 has gained synchronisation and then lost it again. The NTP8 must be synchronised for the NTP to function correctly. The SYNC indicator will be Amber or if you are in the configuration menu then the F symbol will appear next to the time to indicate the NTP8 is free running. NTP software may use another NTP server after approximately 24 hours of the original NTP server losing its synchronisation. Unreliable connections between the NTP8 and the LAN Confirm that you are using proper cables. With 10BASE-T connections, you may use Category 3, 4, or 5 cables. We recommend the use of CAT5 patch cables (straight through)

Q A1

A2

A3

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Accessories

Chapter

Accessories

This chapter list all the available accessories that are available with your NTP8. You may purchase these components at the same time as your NTP8 order or you may wish to purchase these components later. An additional accessories sheet is available which gives an overview of the most popular accessories available. If you do not find the accessory that you are looking for please contact our sales team, who will be happy to help you. Window-Mounted GPS Antenna In situations where mounting of the standard antenna is not possible due to building restrictions or other obstructions Time & Frequency Solutions can offer the Window Shelf GPS Antenna. This versatile Antenna can be mounted indoors and be located on the shelf of a window that has good visibility of the sky. The antenna is supplied with 5 meters of cable as standard. EMP Filter The Lightning Protector is fitted in line between the GPS antenna and the Timing System, and can be easily mounted to an earthed panel. Since the Lightning Protector has almost no attenuation loss it will have no effect on the reception performance of the Timing System. Any lighting strikes to the antennas are safely discharged to earth via the internal gas capsule of the lightning protector. Replacement Gas Capsules are available from Time & Frequency Solutions and can be easily replaced Optical Fibre Interfaces Time & Frequency Solutions GPS RF Fibre-Optic-Link provides a high reliability, transparent cross-site connection between a GPS antenna and a GPS receiver. Using optical fibre, the GPS Antenna may be positioned 10km or more away from the GPS Receiver, whilst overcoming problems due to path loss and electro-magnetic interference etc.
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CD-ROM A CD-ROM containing 10-user Licence client software, MIB tree, and a user manual.

Extra GPS Antenna Cable To overcome the problems relating to distance between the Antenna and the Time Server, Time & Frequency Solutions offer a range of cable feeds to suite your requirements. Available with a range of terminations, quality cables with different losses can be supplied. Please contact your sales representatives with your requirements. AUI Adaptors A range of standard AUI adaptors is available for connection to the NTP Time Server AUI port to allow interface to your preferred media type. Network Management Systems The Network Management System is provided as a software package and once installed provides the user with an easy to use graphical user interface. The interface allows the user to monitor the system either from an overview or in detail. Log reports are produced, displayed and recorded for any errors or faults that occur within the timing system. The Network Management System is available on a number of different platforms and can be customised to suit individual requirements or can be delivered on a pre-configured PC. Extended Warranty & Support Time & Frequency Solutions offers a range of support contract and extended Warranties for continuous enhanced supportK===
= = =

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Model Number Physical Details Size Weight Power Synchronisation Source Input Level Synchronisation Accuracy 1PPS Output Connection Output Level Edge Accuracy : : : : : : : NTP8

Chapter

Technical Specifications
0181AA000A (GPS Version)

19 rack mount 1U high 200mm deep 5kg typical 85-264V AC 47-63Hz GPS +11dB to +35dB 2 microseconds from UTC with Signal availability. (Assuming adequate satellite visibility) 50 BNC socket 1 pulse per second upon synchronisation. TTL Positive 2 microseconds from UTC with Signal availability. (Assuming adequate satellite visibility). Accuracy stated after 30 minutes from synchronisation. RJ45 connection to a 10BASE-T network. AUI for other Adaptors NTP Version 3 [RFC 1305] SNTP (RFC 2030) SNMP v1 Enterprise MIB (RFC1155, RFC1157, RFC1213) Daytime Protocol (RFC867), Time Protocol (RFC 868) Ethernet/IEEE802.3 UDP/IP ICMP 9 way D type socket 38.4kbaud, no parity, 8 bit characters and 1 stop bit

: : : : :

Network Connection Connection Interface Standards

: : :

User Interface Connection Characteristics

: :

Environment (Operation & Storage) Temperature : Humidity : EMC : Antenna (Standard): Model Number Output Level

0C to +40C up to 95% RH (non-condensing) CE compliant

: :

0203BA000D +35dB

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Model Number Physical Details Size Weight Power Synchronisation Source Selection Source Input Level Synchronisation Accuracy 1PPS Output Connection Output Level Edge Accuracy Network Connection Connection Interface Standards : : : : : : : : : : : : : NTP8 0181AA000B (Timecode Version)

19 rack mount 1U high 200mm deep 5kg typical 85-264V AC 47-63Hz Time Code (IRIG, NASA36) Automatic Code Selection Minimum 30mV peak to Peak 2 microseconds from UTC with Signal availability. 50 BNC socket 1 pulse per second upon synchronisation. TTL Positive 1 millisecond from Timecode source.

: : :

RJ45 connection to a 10BASE-T network. AUI for other Adaptors NTP Version 3 [RFC 1305] SNTP (RFC 2030) SNMP v1 Enterprise MIB (RFC1155, RFC1157, RFC1213) Daytime Protocol (RFC867), Time Protocol (RFC 868) Ethernet/IEEE802.3 UDP/IP ICMP 9 way D type socket 38.4kbaud, no parity, 8 bit characters and 1 stop bit

User Interface Connection Characteristics

: :

Environment (Operation & Storage) Temperature : Humidity : EMC :

0C to +40C up to 95% RH (non-condensing) CE compliant

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Chapter

Customer Support

Please contact either your supplier or Time & Frequency Solutions Ltd if you are experiencing problems, or require further sales. Please keep the carton, including the original packaging materials. Use them to repack the NTP8 if you need to return it for repair.

Time and Frequency Solutions Ltd 25 Eastways Witham Essex CM8 3AL UK Tel Fax +44 (0) 1376 514114 +44 (0) 1376 516116 Sales@timefreq.com Support@timefreq.com

Sales Enquires:

Technical Support Enquires: Feedback:

feedback@timefreq.com

Or visit our web site @ www.timefreq.com

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