NAMING COMPOUNDS LESSON Page 1

NAMING COMPOUNDS LESSON

1. Binary ionic compounds There are two elements in this type of compound Name these are made up of a metal and a non-metal the metal is written first and it is simply the name from the periodic table the non-metal is written second and the ending is changed to ide example: CaS calcium sulfide

formula Writing the formula is more difficult because you must indicate the valence of the atom. You use the criss-cross rule. STEPS TO WRITE THE FORMULA 1. write down the symbols of both elements. 2. write the VALENCE (ionic charge also known as the number of electrons gained or lost) above each of the elements (Do not write the + or sign) 3. Crisscross the numbers and write them as subscripts. The subscript 1 is not written. example 3 Al 2 S becomes Al2S3

Binary Ionic Compounds with metals with more than one ionic charge There are two elements in this type of compound
2. Name these are made up of a metal and a non-metal the metal is written first and it is simply the name from the periodic table BUT with a Roman Numeral to indicate the valance the non-metal is written second and the ending is changed to ide example: SnO tin (II) oxide

formula Writing the formula is more difficult because you must indicate the valence of the atom. You use the criss-cross rule. STEPS TO WRITE THE FORMULA 1. write down the symbols of both elements. 2. write the VALENCE (ionic charge also known as the number of electrons gained or lost) above each of the elements 3. Crisscross the number and write them as subscripts. The subscript 1 is not written. example 2 Sn 2 O becomes SnO

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3.

Molecular compounds

There are two non-metals in this type of compound

HERE ARE THE PREFIXES THAT ARE USED FOR MOLECULAR COMPOUNDS 1. mono 5. penta 9. nano 2. di 6. hexa 10. deca 3. tri 7. hepta 4. tetra 8. octa Name Example #1 Example #2 A prefix is used to indicate the number of atoms The second element gets the ide ending Name the first element using the proper prefix, di, tri, etc. (Never mono). Name the second element with the proper prefix (including mono) and the ide ending H2S SO2 dihydrogen monosulfide Sulfur dioxide

Formula Simply write the atomic symbol of the element and place a subscript after the symbol that indicates the value of the prefix. Example #1 Example #2 disulfur pentoxide sulfur trioxide S2O5 SO3

4. Compounds with polyatomic ions

For these compounds you write the first element which is a metal and then you write the polyatomic ion. Note: There are different endings for the polyatomic ions. Most are ate. There is only one positive polyatomic ion that you have to know and that is ammonium. Name Name the first element (the metal) and then write the name of the polyatomic ion. Example Na2SO4 sodium sulfate

Write the formula 1. write the symbol for each part of the compound 2. write the valence (ionic charge) on top of the element or polyatomic ion (do not include the + or sign) 3. Crisscross the numbers and write them as subscripts. The subscript 1 is not written. Example calcium phosphate 2 Ca 3 PO4 Ca3(PO4)2