Case study: Fishing rods and lines

Introduction
I have been assigned to do a research on different fishing rods

Fishing is an ancient practice that dates back to the beginning of Palaeolithic period about
40,000 years ago. Primitive uses were hunting for food and survival. Nowadays its a hobby, profession, sport (anglers), etc....

Advantages
*Fish is low in fat,high in protein and an excellent source of onega 3 fatty acids. *Eating fish regularly reduces the risk of childhood asthma to prostrate cancer. *Fish oil is beneficial *Fishing improves sociable relationships with family and friends.

Limitations
*Allergies to fish *fishing can go to the extend that a particular species might go into extinction *lines may be so thin that it could cut through fingers to the bone or may poke into eyes

*Environmental fears are that faulty lines break off in to water depths, where hooks are eaten by fish that kill them. This is waste of money as new equipment is repurchased.

Types Of Fishing Rods

1.Fiber glass *more flexible and can handle abuse. *much heavier and less sensitive. *much better suited for trolling, down riggers, etc...where the rod is under constant pressure and sensitivity is not really an issue *provides more durability than graphite. 2. Graphite *more sensitive *can take in more angler abuse *light and graphite itself is very strong. *more flexible. *extremely sensitive and delicate.

3. Composite rods *gives the best of graphite and fibreglass, the durability of fibreglass combined with light weight, power and sensitivity of graphite.

Properties For Fishing Lines

Flexibility A softer more flexible line will generally allow a lure or line bait more freedom of action tan stiffer line. Stiffness Normally adds strength to a line, the stronger lines are also stiffer lines.the larger the diameter the stiffer the line. Diameter determines the weight the line can hold before it breaks. The higher the tensile strength, the thinner a line will be for a given breaking strength. Diameters affect wind resistance in casting.it determines lines strength and improves its durability.the thinner the line the sensitive the line. It can be calculated by a vernier calliper or a micrometer screw gauge. Breaking Strength is the amount of force a material can withstand before it stretches, tears, or breaks. Breaking strength of a line is a result of dividing the breaking strain by area. F=mg (F=force,m=mass,g=gravitational acc,9.81m/s2)

Types Of Lines Nylon monofilament Cost density Diameter (lb for lb) elasticity flexibility Abrasion resistance Resistance to UV degradation visibility Memory porosity
Cheapest Least dense (floats) thickest Most elastic

fluorocarbon
Most expensive Most dense(sinks)

Braid line

Least resistant to UV

Least flexible Most abrasion resistant Resistant to UV Least visible Most memory Least porous

thinnest Least elastic Most flexible Least abrasion resistant Resistant to UV Most visible Least memory

Most porous

Abrasion Resistant Important For Fishing Lines??

Abrasion resistance is a lines ability to withstand rubbing, hafting and wear and tear. Lines are abrasion resistant because they are subjected to harsh conditions (rocks, tree stumps, weather, etc...)and are exposed to a constant barrage of abrasive materials (lines guides, weeds, grass, etc...)causing scratches on the line. Lines ability to resist these nicks determines how well it will hold up under the pressure of fighting a fish.monofilmentshard lines are more abrasion resistant than soft lines.Wirelines more abrasionresistant than soft lines, but the multistranded wires are surprisingly prone to abrasion failure.Multistranded lines have a much less resistant to abrasion than single stranded lines made of the same material. Braidedwire lines hold better than twisted wire. Tensile Stress is defined as the tension per unit area applied at right angles to that area,Pascal, Nm-2. Tensile stress= force / cross sectional area Area can be calculated by ( )

=F/A

Tensile Strain is defined as the extension per unit length,No units

Tensile strain=extension/initial length, Extension is directly proportional to force, strain is proportional to stress provided the stress does not exceed the Limit Of Proportionality. Within this limit the value of stress/strain is constant for the material, known as Youngs Modulus.

Reference
Websites http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Young's_modulus
www.abc-of-fishing.net/fishing-lines/types.asp iweb.tms.org/ED/01-5085-161.pdf www.dwfonline.com/articles/anatomy-of-a-fishing-rod.htm www.waku-angelsport.de/faq-en.html www.allfishingbuy.com/fishing-line.htm en.wikipedia.org/wiki/fishing

Textbooks
Physics by Patrick Fullick, Pages 126-127 Understanding Physics by Jim Breithaupt, Pages 106-107

Articles http://www.fishingreminder.com/articles/38-fishingnews/64-fishing-by-moon.html