ACI 318

RECTANGULAR BEAM
DESIGN
DESIGN OF REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAM
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE CONTENTS
2

A.

INPUT DATA

B.

DESIGN LOADS

C.

ANALYSIS RESULTS

D.

SUMMARY

Design of Reinforced Concrete Beam

Page 1 of 7

LNT4 - Dec.2011

ACI 318
RECTANGULAR BEAM
DESIGN
A.

INPUT DATA
A.1

MATERIAL PROPERTIES
Concrete:
Compressive Strength

fc' := 21MPa

Modulus of Elasticity

Ec := 4700 fc' MPa

Concrete strain

c := 0.003

Ec = 21538 MPa

Reinforcing Steel:
Yield Strength of Steel

fy := 275MPa

Modulus of Elasticity

Es := 2 10 MPa

Capacity Reduction Factor

A.2

Shear

v := 0.85

Flexure

f := 0.90

BAR DESIGNATIONS, SIZES AND AREAS

Table
No

db (mm)

10

12

16

20

22

25

28

30

As (mm)

50

100

127

200

300

387

500

616

700

No := No

Example for bar at

A.3

A.4

dia := db mm

10

As := As mm
bar := 4

Nobar = 4

Bar diameter is:

diabar = 12mm

Area of bar is:

As bar = 127 mm

BEAM DIMENSIONS
Beam width

b := 200mm

Beam height

h := 300mm

BEAM REINFORCEMENTS
CONCRETE COVER TO STIRRUPS

c c := 40mm

STIRRUPS
Tie bar designation no.

Tie diameter

diaTies = 10mm

Area of one (1) tie bar

As Ties = 100 mm

Design of Reinforced Concrete Beam

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LNT4 - Dec.2011

ACI 318
RECTANGULAR BEAM
DESIGN
TENSILE REINFORCEMENTS
No. of bars

Bar designation no.

Bar diameter

diabar = 16mm

Area of one (1) bar

As bar = 200 mm

Total area of tension bars

As := NT As bar

Depth to tensile reinforcements

d := h c c + diaTies +

As = 600 mm

diabar

d = 242 mm

COMPRESSION REINFORCEMENTS

A.5

No. of bars

Bar designation no.

Bar diameter

diabar = 16mm

Area of one (1) bar

As bar = 200 mm

Total area of compression bars

As' := NC As bar

Depth to compression reinf.

d' := c c + diaTies +

As' = 400 mm

diabar

d' = 58mm

CROSS SECTION

Beam Height, h

BASIC SKETCH

Beam Width, b

Design of Reinforced Concrete Beam

Page 3 of 7

LNT4 - Dec.2011

ACI 318
RECTANGULAR BEAM
DESIGN
B.

DESIGN LOADS

Beam := "RB1"

From STAAD Analysis and Design Output

STAAD_File := "2-Storey Residential.std"

Member := 50

LC 200,201,202,203,204...

Load
Comb

End

Axial

Torsion

Mom-Y

Mom-Z

Msagpos

Joint

kN

kN

kN

kNm

kNm

kNm

Msagneg

1.4D

200

27

5.19

31.51

-0.02

1.14

-0.14

21.38

-21.32

1.4D

200

158

-5.19

-18.72

0.02

-1.14

0.17

21.32

21.38

1.2D + 1.6L + 0.5Lr

201

27

5.78

34.47

-0.22

1.39

-0.03

24.06

-25.21

1.2D + 1.6L + 0.5Lr

201

158

-5.78

-23.50

0.22

-1.39

0.41

25.21

24.06

1.2D + 1.6Lr + 0.5L

202

27

4.86

29.34

-0.08

1.10

-0.09

20.12

-20.44

1.2D + 1.6Lr + 0.5L

202

158

-4.86

-18.38

0.08

-1.10

0.23

20.44

20.12

1.2D + 1.6Lr + 0.8Wx

203

27

6.40

27.61

0.06

0.99

-0.22

19.33

-18.29

1.2D + 1.6Lr + 0.8Wx

203

158

-6.40

-16.64

-0.06

-0.99

0.11

18.29

19.33

1.2D + 1.6Lr + 0.8Wz

204

27

4.02

29.22

-3.91

0.23

2.44

20.06

-20.30

1.2D + 1.6Lr + 0.8Wz

204

158

-4.02

-18.26

3.91

-0.23

4.20

20.30

20.06

1.2D + 1.3Wx + 0.5L + 0.5Lr

205

27

8.04

30.31

0.04

1.12

-0.25

21.75

-20.46

1.2D + 1.3Wx + 0.5L + 0.5Lr

205

158

-8.04

-19.35

-0.04

-1.12

0.18

20.46

21.75

1.2D + 1.3Wz + 0.5L + 0.5Lr

206

27

4.18

32.93

-6.41

-0.10

4.07

22.93

-23.74

1.2D + 1.3Wz + 0.5L + 0.5Lr

206

158

-4.18

-21.97

6.41

0.10

6.82

23.74

22.93

0.9D + 1.3Wx

207

27

6.51

21.23

0.11

0.75

-0.25

15.37

-13.72

0.9D + 1.3Wx

207

158

-6.51

-13.00

-0.11

-0.75

0.06

13.72

15.37

0.9D + 1.3Wz

208

27

2.65

23.85

-6.34

-0.47

4.07

16.56

-17.00

0.9D + 1.3Wz

208

158

-2.65

-15.63

6.34

0.47

6.71

17.00

16.56

1.2D + 1.0Ex + 0.5L

209

27

6.93

33.05

-3.56

1.22

-0.12

22.81

-24.07

1.2D + 1.0Ex + 0.5L

209

158

-6.93

-22.09

3.56

-1.22

6.17

24.07

22.81

1.2D + 1.0Ez + 0.5L

210

27

4.34

32.11

-4.95

0.18

3.11

22.28

-22.98

1.2D + 1.0Ez + 0.5L

210

158

-4.34

-21.14

4.95

-0.18

5.30

22.98

22.28

0.9D + 1.0Ex

211

27

5.40

23.97

-3.49

0.84

-0.12

16.43

-17.33

0.9D + 1.0Ex

211

158

-5.40

-15.75

3.49

-0.84

6.05

17.33

16.43

0.9D + 1.0Ez

212

27

3.76

19.36

2.95

1.16

-2.24

12.96

-12.97

0.9D + 1.0Ez

212

158

-3.76

-11.14

-2.95

-1.16

-2.76

12.97

12.96

Combination for Strength

Design

Design of Reinforced Concrete Beam

Page 4 of 7

Shear-Y Shear-Z

LNT4 - Dec.2011

ACI 318
RECTANGULAR BEAM
DESIGN
C.

ANALYSIS RESULTS
C.1

LIMITS OF REINFORCEMENTS
As

Steel reinforcement ratio

:=

Minimum steel reinforcement ratio

NSCP Section 410.6.1

min := max

Whitney stress block factor

NSCP Section 410.3.7.3

1 := if fc' 30MPa , 0.85 , max0.85

= 0.01240

bd

fc' MPa 1.4

,
MPa
4 fy
fy

min = 0.00509
0.05 fc'

30 , 0.65
7
MPa

1 = 0.85
fc'

600MPa

600
MPa + fy

Balanced steel reinforcement ratio

for singly reinforced beam

b := 0.85

Maximum steel ratio for singly reinforced

beam

max := 0.75b

Analyse_as :=

fy

b = 0.03783

max = 0.02837

"SINGLY REINFORCED BEAM" if 0.75b

"DOUBLY REINFORCED BEAM" otherwise

Analyse_as = "SINGLY REINFORCED BEAM"

C.2

SINGLY REINFORCED BEAM ANALYSIS

Guess values

c 0.3 h
:=

a 1 c

fs := fy

T=C
Given

As fs = 0.85 fc' a b
where

fs = min fy , 600 MPa

a
c=
1

Solve for a and c

Hence

c = 54.4mm

d c

fs
:= Find( f , c , a)
s
c
a

a = 46.2mm
fs = 275.0MPa
Solve for moment capacity of beam:
C := 0.85fc' a b

C = 165.0 kN

a
Mu.SRB := f C d
2

Design of Reinforced Concrete Beam

Mu.SRB = 32.5kN m

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LNT4 - Dec.2011

ACI 318
RECTANGULAR BEAM
DESIGN
C.3

MOMENT CAPACITY CHECK

The ultimate moment capacity of beam is equal to

Mu.cap = 32.5kN m

Check positive moment

Mu.pos := min ( Musag)

Mu.pos = 25.21 kN m

if ( Mu.cap Mu.pos , "Beam is SAFE for Positive Bending" , "REDESIGN" ) = "Beam is SAFE for Positive Bending"
Check negative moment
Mu.neg := max( Musag)

Mu.neg = 24.06kN m

if ( Mu.cap Mu.neg , "Beam is SAFE for Negative Bending" , "REDESIGN" ) = "Beam is SAFE for Negative Bending"

C.4

SHEAR REINFORCEMENT
Area of shear reinforcement provided:
Av := 2 As Ties

Av = 200 mm

Factored shear force:

Vu := max( Vuy)

Vu = 34.47 kN

Shear strength provided by concrete:

1
Vc := fc' MPa b d
6

Design of Reinforced Concrete Beam

Vc = 36.97kN

Page 6 of 7

LNT4 - Dec.2011

ACI 318
RECTANGULAR BEAM
DESIGN
Calculate required spacing of shear reinforcement:
S :=

if Vu > v Vc
if

Vu
v

S = 121 mm
2

Vc

fc' MPa b d

Av fy d

Vu

Vc

s min s ,

Vu
d
1

, 600mm if
Vc fc' MPa b d
2
3
v

s min s ,

Vu
d
1
, 300mm if
Vc > fc' MPa b d
4
3
v

"Adjust the size of beam" if

Vu
v

Vc >

fc' MPa b d

1
v Vc < Vu < v Vc
2

if

3
s

fy
MPa
b

s min s ,

Av

d
, 600mm
2

1
v Vc
2

if Vu <

"Stirrups are not required"

d

, 500mm
2

min

D.

SUMMARY
BEAM DIMENSIONS
Width

b = 200 mm

Height

h = 300 mm

REINFORCEMENTS
TENSION_BARS = "3 - 16mm bars"
COMPRESSION_BARS = "2 - 16mm bars"
STIRRUPS = "10mm bars, 1 at 50, rests at 100mm O.C. to midspan"
ULTIMATE MOMENT CAPACITY
Mu.cap = 32.5kN m

Design of Reinforced Concrete Beam

Page 7 of 7

LNT4 - Dec.2011