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Table of Contents 1. Process 2. Hazardous and Toxic Areas 3. Economic Considerations 4. Aesthetic Considerations 5. Access 6. Safety 7. Site Considerations 8. External Influences 9. Clearances 10.Paving 11.Elevations 12.Insulation 13.Columns and Drums (Vertical/Horizontal) 14.Exchangers 15.Furnaces and Fired Equipment 16.Pumps 17.Compressors 18.Piping 19.Access to Valves and Instruments 20.Relief Valve Systems 21.Maintenance and Equipment Handling
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21. Maintenance and Equipment Handling Handling facilities are limited to the handling of working parts of equipment which require frequent or routine service and which are inaccessible to mobile handling facilities assumed to be available at the plant. These facilities are not designed to handle heavy parts such as bedplates of rotating machines, rotating equipment, compressors bodies, machinery frames, etc. The handling facilities provided are limited as shown on table A The design and installation of trolley beams, overhead travelling cranes and hoist trestles is based on lifting the parts to be handled and transporting or lowering them to specified maintenance areas or to grade. From these points they are expected to be removed by skids or hand trucks to other areas more suitable for maintenance. Tables A ACCESS CLEARANCES DESCRIPTION MINIMUM Clear Headroom Primary Access Roads (carrying major equipment) Secondary 6M Clear Width 6M Other Clearance 10.5M inside corner radius
5.1M
4.8M
Minor Access Roads Yard Piping Platform, walkways, passageways, working areas, stairways Clearance from face of manhole
5.1M 3M 2.1M
2.1M
1M
Railways ELEVATION
100.000M
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EXCHANGER HEADS OPERATIONAL VALVES OPERATIONAL VALVES MOTOR OPERATED VALVES CONTROL VALVES R.V.s (Process) BLOCK VALVES BATTERY LIMIT VALVES ETC. PRESSURE INSTRUMENTS TEMP. INSTRUMENTS SAMPLE POINTS TRY COCKS GAUGE GLASSES LEVEL CONTROLLERS PROCESS BLINDS AND SPADES
X X
Accessible by portable ladder. ALL Edge of platform access where Clients Spec. requests. Otherwise no access. X -
ALL
X X X -
X X -
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No access Provided. X -
No access Provided.
Internal requiring regular removal or servicing. Fixed bed reactors, catalyst change, etc.
These will be provided as specially specified to enable catalyst to be offloaded and loaded. All such exchangers are provided with jackboots to break joints. It is assumed bundles will be handled by mobile equipment. No special provision.
Tube Bundles.
Exchanger Heads, Channel Cover, Bonnets. Vertical Exchangers. Removable Tube Bundles. Any part. Rotating parts.
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Listing of Instrumentation Which May Assist Initial Layout Likely Devices and Probable Number Fitted to Various Types of Equipment. Devices and Design Points Affected. LIST 1) EQUIPMENT DISTILLATION TOWER DEVICES AND PROBABLE NUMBER OF ITEMS FITTED PSV (1) (Pressure Safety Valve) PIC (1) (Pressure Indicating Controller) FRC (3) (Flow Recording Controller) TR (1) (Multipoint- 6 channel) (Temperature Recorder) TI (6) (Temperature Indicator) PI (6) (Pressure Indicator) Analyzer (1) (Single Stream) LG (2) (Level Gauge) LI (1) (Level Indicator) LIC (1) (Level Indicating Controller) LG (3) (Level Gauge) LIT (1) (Level Indicating Transmitter) PI (1) (Pressure Indicator) TI (1) (Temperature Indicator) PSV (1) (Pressure Safety Valve) PIC (1) (Pressure Indicating Controller) PI (6) (Pressure Indicator) TI (6) (Temperature Indicator) PSV (1) (Pressure Safety Valve) TR (1) (Multipoint- 50 Channels) (Temperature Recorder) FIC (2) (Flow Indicating Controller) LIC (1) (Level Indicating Controller) Analyzer (1) PIC (1) (Pressure Indicating Controller) TIC (1) (Temperature Indicating Controller) PI (4) (Pressure Indicator) DPC (1) (Differential Pressure Controller) PIC (1) (Pressure Indicating Controller) FR (1) (Flow Recorder) TI (1) (Multipoint- 12 channel)(Temperature Indicator) Vibration (2) NRV (Damped to prevent reverse flow) Programmer and Logic System (1)
REFLUX DRUM SURGE DRUM BUFFER STORAGE FEED TANK PRODUCT TANK
REACTOR
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EXCHANGER
FURNACES
FURNACES (contd)
In-line instrument elements: - Flow Elements (Orifice, Plates, Venturi, Turbine, P/D, etc.). Control Valves (Globe, Butterfly, Ball, etc.). Relief Valves. Thermowells. LIST 2) DEVICE (FLOW) Fe 1 Pipe Section with sensing element Pitot Tube Orifice/Nozzle/Vent uri Elbow Flange rating/size/overall length/orientation TYPE DESIGN POINTS AFFECTED
Fe 2 Fe 3
Location/straight length connection size & type Location/straight lengths/orientation Flange size and rating. Position, size type of instr. tapings Size/end connections/orientation straight lengths
Fe 4
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Fe 6
Fe 7 Fe 8
Hot Wire Variable Area Meter Magnetic Flow meter Turbine Meter
Fe 9
Fe 10
Fe 11
Positive Displacement Sonic Flow meter Weight Rate Radio Active Photo Electric Channels and Flumes Vane Type
Fe 12 Fe 13 Fe 14 Fe 15 Fe 16
Fe 17 TEMP TE 1 TE 2
Thermocouple Resistance Bulb Location/Increase in pipe dia/elbows, connection size and type.
TE 3 TE 4 TE 5 FLAME FAILURE
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ANALYSER An Diverse Methods include- ing SG and density Usually with by-pass line to drain on back to process - only occasionally in line - some- times coaxial spool piece. Face to face/Flanges.
LEVEL MEASUREMENT An Probe PROXIMITY SWITCH Capacitance Conductivity Fero magnetic) Magnetic) Inductive) Similar to temperature Te 1. Sometimes co-axial in spool piece. Non intrusive Location and mounting a) Non-intrusive b) Intrusive, type Te 1.
PRESSURE Differential Pressure Bourdon Tubes Capsules Strain Gauge Small tapping/location/connections/ size and type
GAUGE GLASS LEVEL LG INTER FACE LEVEL (GAUGEGLASS) LG SPEED MEASUREMEN Magnetic Consult Instrument Department. ALL TYPES Vertical only - nozzle spacing critical/connections ALL TYPES Vertical only - nozzle spacing/connections
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SAFETY VALVES PSV Spring opposed pressure Free or closed venting. Multiple valve relief. Gauge valves with single operation of changeover - single isolation valves prohibited - minimum nozzle size laid down in the codes. Some inlet/outlet flange combinations are excluded in standard manufacture depending on application.
GENERAL NOTE: Intrusive elements and/or spool type installation may call for flow line size due to change due to forces on wetted parts, erosion, and noise, deposition of solids in cavities or viscosity.
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