-e.-- - c-- ae.. o.. ..-..

2
M.K.Rao, Visakhapatnam
Q. These forms (forms of
Drama) would be briefly
studied in the next
chapter - .. .
'would' .. . . :
:. :......
A. From the stand point of the present, 'would'
is not used to express future. That is as far
as I Know. ... .: future .t....
.... 'would' ...
... studied = dealt with. .... These
forms will be studied later (= dealt with later)
. ... . ..: Simple future .t
.... 'will' is the best and correct form.
Q. 'Hence' a copy of the petition is herewith
forwarded to the headquarter.
Hence a copy of the petition may be
forwarded to the headquarter.
. .. Helping/ auxiliary verb ....
... 'is' ... ... 'may be' use . ..
:. . 'is' . .. 'may be' use
....
A. Hence, a copy of the petition is herewith
forwarded to the headquarters (head
quarter .. ..... .. .:
(a copy of the petition) .. .... .
... ...: .... .. .....
.. .: .. .... . ...
. . (Headquarters = .. .... .
Hence a copy of the petition may be
forwarded to the headquarters = .....
.. .: .. .... . ......
.... .. ..... .. .:
.. .... . ... ..
.... . official language may
.. ..... .. .. ('May' has the
force of 'shall' with he, she, it, they and
conveys orders. e.g.: you may not go
before 4 O' Clock - rule)
.. may be forwarded ... ... .t
...t . ... ... ... .
is forwarded = ......: .... .
may be forwarded = ... . .. .... /
... .t ...t ... .
Q. ..: ... English . ..:....
... Garden .....
A. I think he is in the garden.
... garden .... ...
A. .. .... 1) Regular .....
2) future .....
i) Regular ..... . ....
I think he is in the garden.
..... garden ..
.: .. time garden ....
(I think he is in the garden (at this time every
day)
ii) .... future .... I
think he will be in the garden (at
that time)
Q. 'Probably' 'Likely' .. . .
:...... 'Will probably', 'would probably'
use . . ... .....
A. I will probably is correct- again, from the
stand point of the present (. .. .. .
. . . 'would probably' .. . will
probably ( = perhaps = ..
probably = most likely = ../ ...
etc., - not definite
e.g.: They will probably elect him the next
Speaker = .. . . Speaker .
..... They are most likely to elect
him the next Speaker.
E. Anil, Ongole
Q. What is the differ-
ence between
below two
sentences.
Why was she not in
the unreserved com-
partment, I won-
dered.
Why wasn't she in the unreserved
compartment, I wondered.
A. Why was she not in the unreserved com-
partment, I wondered - formal - ...
(rules) .... . :..
Why wasn't she...., I wondered - .:
informal/ conversational - .... ..
. .. :..
Q. You've got to be kidding ... .:.
A. You've got to be kidding = . .. ...
. . .t/ ... . . .
...t
Q. Who call her did not miss that
opportunity either. - Explain the
usage of plain either.
A. 'Who call her -' . . ... ....
. .. ...: Did not miss
that opportunity either = .
.... .. ..... ...
English .: ../ .. . .. ./ .
. ... .t.... not . .: ..
'Not' . also .... ..
... .. .. .. .. .... He
did not come. She did not also come ...
... correct English not . also ..
Not . also ..t,.. Not ... either
....
... .... .... . .... He is
not there, he is not here also ... ...
He is not there, he is not here either.
.....
A: TV Serials . . (I don't watch TV
serials)
B: .. . . I don't either.
(I do not also watch.... ..
Q. Malaika is not sure if she would repeat
same for the Tamil audience.
I would be more than willing to repeat
Munni.
What is the difference between 'would' and
'would be' in the above two sentences.
A Malaika is not sure if she would repeat the
same for Tamil audience = .: ....
.. . . ... . .. .
.... ... would repeat ... will repeat
. ..: ... ... would repeat
...
I would be more than willing to do it = .:
.. .. . . . .
... 'Would be' present state of mind/ will-
ingness . . . :/ . ..
.... .t. . .: - Correct.
I would be more than willing to repeat Munni
= .. ...:/ ..: .. .. .
... . . ...
Would be is a 'be' form - ..... .. ...
. .: .. .: future
I thought he would be there
.... .... .
would is only a helping verb - alone it does
not have any meaning, combined with the
1
st
Doing Words as in...
I would do it, if I were you.
.... .:. . .. :
imaginary situation.
I thought they would go there = ....
... .
I thought they would be there = ...
.... .
Roushni Gupta, Srikakulam
Q. Explain whether the following sentences are
wright or wrong.
She does get her copy-writing done/ written.
A. She does get (gets) her copy-writing done =
She makes somebody else do her copy-
writing = .. . copy writing .... .
... .:
She gets her copy-writing written/ done.
A. She does get her copy-writing written -
Correct, but 'copy-writing written' - This
expression is incomplete in sense. For
example we don't say, I did get my food
eaten, because food is always eaten.
Similarly 'copy writing' is always written. So
there is no meaning in saying I did get
copy - writing written.
She is married by my elder brother ..
. .. .. . ..
A. She is married by my elder brother - Wrong
She is married to my elder brother - Right
She does have the money.
A. She does have the money = .. .. .
.:.. ..: She has the money = ..
.. . ..:
She did have the money.
A. She did have the money = .. .. .:..
. . ....: ..
She must have the money.
A. She must have the money = .. . ..
. . ...t ... . ...
---.= ---.= 664
Spoken English. .e-.- -- .-. URL: http://www.eenadu.net/chaduvu/chaduvuinner.asp?qry=spokenenglish
M.SURESAN
Could you get the tickets?
Anjan: I see only you. What about Naresh?
. .. . . . ...
Gowtham: He said he could not come, as
he has an exam tomorrow.
.. .. .. ... ... ....
. ...
Anjan: But he told me that he could study
the whole of yesterday and be here
today.
....
.. ...
. . .
..
.. .
.
...
Gowtham: He couldn't. He had guests.
.:.. .. ... . .....
... .:.. ...
Anjan: I understand. How about other
friends?
.. . .: .. .. . . . .
....
Gowtham: They could be on their way...
just a matter of time.
. . ... . .. ..
...
. ...
'could' .. . .
. ...
I. 'Could' is the
past form of
'can'- ...
. ..
.. ..
t . 'can'-
. . .
(past)
.. . .
. ..
could.
a) He could pass the exam.
.. . ... . .. t. ..
b) Could you get the tickets?
. ... .. . t.
c) She could not pass the exam.
.. ... .......: ..
d) Could the
police find
the thief?
( . : .
..
..
t.
II. Could
. ..
... /
.
... (in the present) . ....
....
a) The minister could be involved in the
scam.
( . .. .
.. ..: ..
. . ....
(Possibility)
d) He could be
buying the
car now.
(.. ...
car ...
....
FUNCTIONAL ENGLISH
I would do it... if I wer
I would do it... if I wer
e you
e you
-e.-- .a c-- ae.. o.. ..-.. 2
K.Tulasiram Chatopadhyaya,
Gudivada
Q. Which of the following
sentence is correct?
He got a phone call when
he was watching the TV.
He got a phone call while
he was watching the TV.
He got a phone call when he had been
watching the TV.
A. He got a phone call when he was watching
the TV = He got a phone call while he was
watching the TV - Right.
He got a phone call while he had been
watching the TV - Wrong.
'Had been watching' is for a past action
starting earlier, and continuing until another
past action, but 'while' refers to two past
actions going on at the same time.
e.g.: She was dancing while she was
singing.
(You can say: He had been watching the TV,
When he got a phone call = His watching TV
had started earlier than and continued to
watch it, when he got the call)
Q. What is the meaning of the words "His
Majesty","Your Honour"?. Explain.
A. When talking to a king, those under his rule
should not use 'you' (English ...
. . ..t.. .. . :. .
.. . . Your majesty . . . .t
.. .. ... .t.. . .
. .. .. judge Your honour .
..:..t .... :. . ....
Shyamlal Agarwal, Eluru
Q. Explain the difference between following two
sentences
I have this report to finish
I have to finish this report.
A. I have this report to finish = I have finished
other work, only this report is to be finished.
I have to finish this report = I must finish this
report. (I am not have any other work).
Q. He hails from Vijayawada - What is the
meaning of the underlined word.
A. He hails from Vijayawada = He is/ comes
from Vijayawada = .. : :. . ..
.. :. . . . . . .: .. ....
'Hails from' is formal - used only in books
and writing, not in conversation.
He belongs to/ He is from Vijayawada is
better than 'He hails from......'.
Q. What is the meaning of the sentence -'The
school has been recognized/ identified'.
A. The school has been recognized = . ....
..... ... ..: .... . ..
.. ..:.: ... TC/ CC .. :../
... ....:
Identified = .. ..... ... ..:/
... ..:
Q. Translate the following sentences
into English.
.t. ...
A. Leave me alone/ Mind your business.
.. .. ..
A. Don't you provoke us
..... :. ... ..:
A. Every one suspects you.
. .. .. .
A. They are drying up clothes.
... ... ... . ..
... .. ... .. .. .
....
A. Wherever I am, it is my habit to make the
people there happy
and smiling
Sneha Vishali,
Adilabad
Q. Once you said that
"How would I know"
is a forceful sen-
tence. Can we say
"How would I do/ go/ write"
A. How would I do/ go/ write? - As questions
meaning, 'What is the way for me to do it?' =
In what way am I to do it?/ go?/ write?'. They
are ok, but it all depends on the context.
How would I do it? = How am I going to do
it? = In what way can I do it?
Q. Can/ could/ will/ would/ may/ might/ shall
you lend me your books. - Explain which is
a formal one?
A. Can you lend me your books? - informal
Could you lend me your books? -
very polite
Will you lend me your books? - less
informal than 'can you lend me your
books?' and slightly formal
Would you lend me your books? -
very formal
May/ might you lend me your books?
- Not forms of request (not used for
requests)
Shall you lend me your books? - Wrong
Q. Explain which one of the following is
correct? and why?
Those who are writing Degree final year
exams can also apply.
Those writing Degree final year exams can
also apply.
A. Those who are taking... (writing an 'exam' is
wrong/ Those taking (not 'writing') - correct
More over' - means what?
A. More over = Also/ In addition to
If 'r' comes after a vowel or at the end of a
word should we pronounce it silently?
A. 'R' coming after a vowel, and not followed by
a vowel, is silent (not pronounced) in British
English, but it is pronounced in American
English, by rolling the tongue up.
But the end 'r' is pronounced in American
english by rolling up the tongue and
touching the palate.
Q. Do we have to pronounce the definite "the"
as the : before the words which started
with the vowels?
A. The : is pronounced before words
beginning with vowel sounds (English words
beginning with the Telugu sounds . . .
. . . . and
. before consonant sounds.
The is always pronounced . before 'Merit'
': before 'Merit' is wrong.
He who has degree is eligible/ one who has
a degree is eligible/ who has a degree is
eligible - Which one is correct?
A. He who has a degree is eligible.
One who has a degree is eligible.
Both are Correct.
Who has a degree is eligible - Wrong
This is not a sentence, it has no subject.
'Who' is only a pronoun and does not give
complete meaning.
S. Tulasiram, Nandikotkur
Q. What is the meaning of "To the best of my
knowledge and belief"
A. To the best of my knowledge and belief = As
far as I know and believe = . .t
..... ...
Q. Not only.... but also .. . :......
A. Not only.... but also = .. .... .: ..
He is not only clever but also good, ....
... sentences not only . .. ...
: . . .. .. . verb, not only . ..
. .:
He is not only clever but also good = Not
only he is clever, but also good.
1st Doing word (go, sing, etc), 2nd Doing
word(goes/ sings, etc), past doing word
(went, sang, etc) - .. .... Helping verbs
... .. (am/ is/ are/ was/ were/ will/ would/
shall/ should/ can/ could/ may/ might/ must
etc) .. ... sentence begin ... .:
e.g.: i) Karim not only gives her money but
also helps her in other ways = Not
only does Karim give her money but
also helps her in other ways.
ii) I not only go there everyday, but also help
the people there = Not only do I go there
everyday but also.....
iii) She not only sings but also teaches
dancing = Not only does she sing but she
also dances.
iv) They will not only do their jobs, but start
business too = Not only will they do jobs
but will also start business.
..... .... Adverbs . start .
sentences ... Verb, Adverb ...
... .. .:
eg: Never does he help others
Never have I seen him helping others.
---.= ---.= 665
Spoken English. .e-.- -- .-. URL: http://www.eenadu.net/chaduvu/chaduvuinner.asp?qry=spokenenglish
M.SURESAN
You could help me, couldn't you?
Sunitha: Don't play with fire. You could be
burnt.
.. ... . . .. . ..
Wilson: Don't I know? I wanted you to cook,
but you wouldn't. (would not). At least
you could help me in cooking,
couldn't you?
.
.:.
.
.....
..
.
. ...
.
..
. .
... ..
..
. . .. .. ..
Sunitha: If I could help you, I could myself
cook, couldn't I? Wait. You'll spoil
everything. Let me do it.
. ... . . . . . t . ...
.... .. . . ....
..
Wilson: Thank you.
. ..
.
'could' ..
.. .
....
. lesson
. . .
. could
1) denotes
a past abil-
ity . .
. .
. .. .. t .. . .... ..
. .. 'could' . .. (present) ....
. .... .. ....
A man of your abilities could easily do it =
..
.. .
. .
. .
. . .
.....
..:
... .
conversa-
tion
...
. ..
You could help me, couldn't you? . .
. . .. .. ..... .. ...
.
If I could help you, . . . .. t
... past ability) I could myself cook -
... .... ..
: . .. .. .: could present
.... ... actions . .. ....
.... : . ... .. .. ..
:. . Practice .. ..
FUNCTIONAL ENGLISH
He is not only clever but also good
-e.-- ae c-- ae.. o.. ..-.. 2
Madhavi Gupta,
Rajahmundry
Q. Which one of the
following sentence is
correct?
The plane took off five
minutes late.
The plane took off late by
five minutes .
A. The plane took of five minutes late = The
plane took off late by five minutes - both are
correct.
Q. Explain the meaning of below sentences/
words.
'Bolt from the blue'
A. A Bolt from the blue = a very surprising and
sudden event/ piece of news = .
...... .. ./ ..
His election as President came as a bolt
from the blue = ... .. . ......
.. ./.. (Bolt = Thunderbolt = ..
The blue = The sky = ....
'Kapoor said on his fetish for gadgets.
A. Gadgets = : ..... . .. ...:
Remotes, Cell Phones, Ear Phones, Pen
drives ..:
Fetish = ... ..: . : . . . .
. . .. .. . .: ..... ...
.. . ... .:....
fetish for gadgets = gadgets .. ...
.. .. .: .....
Facebook
A. Facebook = Internet .. . . .
... . ... ... . .. (social network-
ing website)
Twitter - Tweet.
A. Twitter: : .. ... ... ... . ..
... . ... ... ....
internet .......
facebook : .. social networking
.. ... .
Tweet = Twitter .. ... ....
Genre
A. Genre: Pronounced . measure .
... . ...
... ... .. ... ... ..
.. Genres. . ..:. ... ..
(Mythologicals), .... (Socials), ..
.. folklore) - .. Genres.
.... Genre = ..... :. .. ...
... 'kind' ... .... better.
Anglo-Indian
A. Anglo-Indian: 1) A person born to English
father and Indian mother or Indian father
and English mother. 2) Connected with
England and India
Shut down
A. Shut down = Closing = .. . ...
t:....
Inside some one's lives
A. Inside some one's lives - no special
meaning for this as far as I know.
Her mother defeated by life, takes it out on
her daughter.
A. Her mother, not getting what she wanted in
life, shows her disappointment by her anger
at her daughter = .:.. ..: :..
. .... . .. . :. . . .:
(Take it out on = ... :: ... ..... :.
. ...
That element is hope.
A. . .... ..
Q. Translate into English.
... .....
. . .....
A. You will repent of
having come
here/you will feel
sorry for having
come here.
: .. . .
..... . .....
A. You will just wonder why you have given it to
him (wonder . ... ... .........
. ..... . .....
You will feel sorry why... . .. ...
Seema Singhal, Chittoor
Q. 'Sri Rama walked to the forest leaving
Bharata to take care of the Kingdom' - In this
sentence can't we write 'by leaving Bharata'
- Explain.
A. By leaving Bharata = Because of
leaving Bharata - This expression
gives wrong meaning.
He walked to the forest, leaving
Bharata... = He walked to the for-
est and left Bharatha...
Q. Pratibha Patil, the president of
India.
Explain about definite article here.
A. Pratibha Patil, President of India- correct.
Pratibha Patil, the President of India -
Wrong.
The President of India, Pratibha Patil - right.
When we write the position, (President, etc)
after the person's name, 'the' should not be
used.
Q. On behalf of the president of India/ on behalf
President of India- Which one is correct?
A. On behalf of The President of India - correct.
'The' must be used before positions (The
President, The CM, The Governor- etc) and
designation (The District Collector, the
Superintendent of police, etc)
Sumanjali, Kakinada
Q. Explain the following sentences/ words.
I make him do/ does
A. I make him do (I . does .. Something
= .... .. .../ .. . ..
.
Narakasura is killed in the hands of
Satyabhama/ by Satyabhama
A. Narakasura is killed in the hands of
Satyabhama/ by Satyabhama - both mean
the same and both are correct.
Payment/ Wages/ Salary.
A. Payment - 1) Amount paid to somebody, for
any work/ service/ anything = .t.. .
2) The act of paying = .t.. ..
Wages = The amount paid to a labourer,
usually at the end of the day's work
...t .... ...
Salary = Amount paid to an employee at the
end of the month ... .. .. ..:
He had two tablets before I met him.
A. He had had (He had .. two tablets before
I met him = . . .. . .... ...
... . .. sentence . ....
.t. ... . ...
There are two past actions here- 1) His
having 2 tablets 2) My meeting him. 'His
having the tables' was before my meeting
him. So the first past action, 'having tablets'
should be in the past perfect tense: Had +
PP of 'have', so had had)
Materially
Materially = ..../ ......
In a big manner.
Materialise = 1) come true/ .....
... .....:
My dreams have materialised/ plans have
materialised.
.... materialize ... 'not' .
.... ... . ....
. ....... He materialized as if from
nowhere = ... .: ... ..
... ..... .
Address
A. i) Address - To call somebody.
He addressed her with all respects.
ii) To make a speech to an audience =
......
The PM addresses the nation on the
Independence Day.
iii) Deal with a problem = .. .
...t..../ .. .....
The government should address the
problem of dowry deaths = .... ....
:. .... ...t..t .: .
.:..
Q. 'Dress' .: Ladies . ... .. ....
... .. .. .. . smart
.. . ..t
A. 'Dress' for women, and 'Clothes' (always
plural) for men.
e.g.: My brother is looking handsome in
these clothes.
---.= ---.= 666
Spoken English. .e-.- -- .-. URL: http://eenadu.net/Specialpages/chaduvu/chaduvuinner.aspx?qry=spokenenglish
M.SURESAN
Could you make it fast?
Sanjana: Could you take me to the police
officer? You know her well.
. Police officer . ..
.. .:. . . .. ..
Vineela: Oh, Certainly. What do you want from
her?
..... .. .: ....t
Sanjana: Not me. My brother wants some
help from her.
Could you
wait for a few
seconds? I'll
just call my
brother and
ask him when
he wants to
see her.
.. .
.. . ..
. . ..t
. . ..
. .. .
Phone . .. . ... ........
.. .
Vineela: Go ahead. Could you make it fast?
The Police officer may get busy.
.. . .. .. . .:
.... .. . ....
Look at the use of could in the conversation
above:
a) Could you take me to the Police Officer?
b) Could you wait for a few seconds?
c) Could you make it fast?
-E: . ..
. could you
. Question form
request .. .
. .. . ..
... . . . .
lesson could .
. .. . ..
.. 'could you...?
.... Politest forms of requests
.... ...... ... .. .... .
. . ..
a) Could you lend me your bike for an hour? =
. .... bike .. . ...
.. ..
b) Could you show me how to do it? = .: .
.. . . ..
Can/ will/ would
. . .
requests . ...
. .... ....
. . ......
:. .
.....
a) Can you... -
informal
. .. ...
. request
.. .. .. ..
b) will you... - formal
... . .
.
request . .
..
Would you...?
(most formal)
- .. . .
.. . .
.. . .
:. . . .
... . ..
. . . .:
... request .... ....
FUNCTIONAL ENGLISH
My dreams have materialised