MOBILE BUG DETECTOR

PROJECT REPORT

CB.EN.U4ECE08201 CB.EN.U4ECE08202 CB.EN.U4ECE08203 CB.EN.U4ECE08208 CB.EN.U4ECE08229 CB.EN.U4ECE08258

ABHIRAM P. AMITH PRABHAKAR ANIRUDH RAMESH ARUN BENOY P. V. HAAREETH YADHU KRISHNA

AMRITA SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING, COIMBATORE

AMRITA VISHWA VIDYAPEETHAM

COIMBATORE 641 112

Purpose of the circuit

This circuit is intende d to detect unauthorized use of phones in examination halls, confidential rooms etc. It also helps to detect unauthorized video and audio recordings. It detects the signal from phones even if it is kept in the si lent mode. It also detects arrival and sending of messages.

Concept
Cell phone uses RF with a wavelength of 30cm at 872 to 2170 MHz i.e. the signal is high frequency with huge ener gy. When the phone is active, it transmits the signal in the for m of a sine wave which passes through space. The encoded audio/ video si gnal is made up of electromagnetic radiation which is picked up by the receiver in the base station. The mobile phone system is referred to as Cellular Telephone system because the coverage area is divided into cells each of which has a base station. The transmitter power of t he modern 2G antenna in the base station is 20 -100 watts.

When a GSM (Global System of communication) digital phone is transmitting, the peak power output of a phone corresponds t o 2 wat ts with an average of 250 mW of continuous power. Each han dset within a cell is allotted a particu lar frequency for its use. The phone transmits short signals at regular intervals to register its availability to the near est base station.

The cell phone uses high frequency RF wave in the micro wave r egion carr ying huge amount of electromagnetic energy. Th e strongest radiation from the phone is about 2 watts which can make connection with a base station located 2 to 3 km away.

The mobile bug detector can sense the presence of an activated cell phone at a distance of approxi mately one meter. The circuit can detect incomi ng and out going calls, SMS and vi deo transmission even if the phone is kept in silent mode. On the detection of RF transmission si gnal fro m an activated phone, it starts sounding a beep alarm and the LED bl inks. The alar m continues until the si gnal transmission ceases. The circuit is implemented on a general purp ose PCB as compactl y as possible.

Generally ordinar y LC (Coil -Capacitor) circuits are used to detect low frequency radiation in the AM and FM bands. The t uned circuit having a coil and a variable capacitor can retrieve the signal from the carrier wave. But such LC circuits cannot detect high frequency waves near the mi crowave r egion. Hence in the circuit, a capacitor is used to detect RF from phone considering that, a capacitor can st ore energy from an outside source. Capacitor can store ener gy and pass AC si gnals during discharge. A 0.22F capacitor is selected because it is a low value one and has lar ge

surface area to accept energy from the radiation. To detect the signal, the sensor part should be like an aerial. So the capacitor is arranged as a mini loop aerial (similar to the dipole antenna used in TV).

In short with this arr angement, the capacit or wor ks li ke an air core coil with the ability to oscillate and dischar ge current. This capacitor creates a field, stores energy and transfers the stored energy in the for m of minute current to the inputs of CA3130. After the capacitor discharges , one lead of the capacitor gets DC fr om the positive rail and the other lead goes to the negati ve input of CA3130 . So the capacitor gets ener gy for storage. This ener gy is applied to the i nputs of IC1 so that t he input s of IC are almost balanced. In this state output is zero. But at any time IC can gi ve a high output if a small current is induced to its input s. When the phone r adiates high ener gy pulsations, capacitor oscillates and release s energy in the inputs of IC. This oscillation is i ndicated by the flashing of the LED and beeping of Buzzer.

Capacitor C4 along with high -value resistor R1 keeps the non -inverting input stable for easy swing of the output to hi gh state. Resistor R2 provides the dischar ge path for capacitor C4. Feedback resistor R3 makes the inverting input hi gh when the output becomes hi gh. Capacitor C5 (47pF) is connected across strobe ( pin 0 and null inputs (pin 1) of CA3130 for phase compensation and gain control to opti mi ze the frequency response.

When the phone si gnal is detected by C3, the output of CA3130 becomes hi gh and low alternately according t o the frequency of the signal as indicated by LED1. This triggers mono -stable ti mer NE555 through capacitor C7. Capacitor C6 maintains the base bias of transistor T1 for fast switching action. The low -value t iming components R6 and C9 produce very short ti me delay to avoid audio nuisance.

Conclusion
We were able to successfully i mplement the circuit on a PCB and achieve the desired results. Upon testing, we confir med that the circuit for mobile frequencies and for a radius of 1 meter.