Eric Mayo

2007 Eric Mayo

Published by Believe Publications P.O. Box 1671 Pleasantville, NJ 08232

www.BelievePublications.com
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without expressed, written consent from the author. The personages represented in this book are fictitious. Any resemblance to actual persons living or dead is coincidental. The suggestions in this book are without guarantee. As in all things, trust your own judgment.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction Obtaining Documentation Preparing for the Job Search Skills Assessment The Resume Employment Goals Business Opportunities for Teens Finding Job Openings Applications Preparing for the Interview Answers to your Toughest Interview Questions The Interview Interview Killers Staying Positive Surviving the New Job I 1 2 9 13 18 19 22 39 46 50 59 65 66 67

INTRODUCTION What does Bill Gates (CEO Microsoft), Michael Dell (Dell Computers), Russell Simmons (Founder of Def Jam Records and Phat Farm Clothing) have in common? They all had jobs as teenagers. Some of the worlds most successful people got a head start before they were adults. Getting a job while still a teenager, may very well be one of the most significant events in any young persons life and is an important step between adolescence and adulthood. Teenagers who get jobs are affected in many positive ways. Getting a job will allow them to: Earn money for expenses which will help develop a greater appreciation for the value of money. Learn social skills and respect for leadership, authority, and property. Develop a sense of responsibility and independence. Develop self-discipline and self-esteem. Develop work-related skills. All of these will prepare you for the real world. Consider this. Those who have jobs as teens, not only have lower instances of unemployment after graduation, but also find better jobs. They learn at a young age exactly what it takes not only to get jobs, but to keep them. Independent teens become independent adults. You have skills, and talents that would be valuable to the right employer. The challenge is finding the right employer. Skills and the right attitude will get you a job! Success will depend totally on your personal attitude and the tried and true methods outlined in this book. This information comes from my own experiences as both a job seeker and an interviewer. I have successfully helped hundreds of young people not only obtain employment, but get jobs that they love going to everyday. This program has worked for countless people. How well it will work for you will depend on your commitment, self-discipline, attitude, and desire. Results will depend on mapping out a complete plan of action. I can help you do that. What I cannot do however, is apply the time, preparation, perseverance and effort necessary to be successful. Only you can do that.

To get the most out of this book, read it through completely at least twice. Understand the entire job search process before you begin. To achieve maximum success, follow each step carefully, completing all of the exercises. Now lets get started. Throughout this book, you will find Money Making Tips which are powerful pieces of inside information that will give you an advantage finding your next job. Use the Money Making Tips to get the edge.

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OBTAINING DOCUMENTATION You will need documentation to begin work legally. You will need certain documents that will determine your employment eligibility. Work Permit In most states, persons under 18 years of age are required to have a work permit in order to hold a job. Teens can get a work permit from the school they attend (usually the guidance office.) To get a work permit, the teen must first get an Intent to Employ Form from the school or their employer. This form must be signed by their employer and parent/guardian. The signed form, along with proof of age, is then returned to the school. Upon receipt of proof of age and the Intent to employ form, the school will issue the work permit. Social Security Card To obtain a copy of your Social Security card, contact your nearest Social Security Administration office. It is listed in your telephone directory or dial 1(800) 772-1213 for the location of the office nearest you. Birth Certificate To obtain a copy of your birth certificate, contact the office of vital statistics in the city where you were born. Some states may accept a baptismal certificate showing the teens date of birth and place of baptism Valid Drivers License To obtain a copy of your drivers license, contact your local motor vehicle agency. It is listed in your local telephone directory. Your local motor vehicle agency may even offer Identification Only cards if you do not have a drivers license. Photo Identification Many county agencies provide photo identification cards. Green Card or Visa (if applicable) To obtain copies of your visa or alien registration card contact the office of Immigration and Naturalization. To find the office nearest you call toll free 1 (800) 375-5283.

PREPARING FOR THE JOB SEARCH

Successful job hunting is more than looking through the want ads and filling out applications. Getting the job you want is going to take planning, preparation time and commitment. You may believe at this time that you do not have a job. Your job is to find your next job. Your results will depend on how much time and effort you are willing to devote to finding a job. The truth is that if you are serious about getting a job you will have to spend at least 35-40 hours a week to get it. Finding work is hard work. You are about to start a goal oriented sales and marketing program designed to identify buyers and convince them to buy your product. Consider yourself a salesman with a product to sell. Your challenge is to understand exactly what your product is and find a customer to buy it. Your product is your set of skills and work ethic. You are about to begin a sales and marketing plan designed to get the most out of your efforts and successfully sell your product. To do any job right, you will need the right tools. I suggest the following: 8.5x 11 envelopes 4 1/8 x 9 Size 10 envelopes Professional Portfolio (for carrying notepad, copies of resume etc.) Index Cards Dictionary

Personal Data Sheet Personal References Legal Documents to Establish Eligibility to Work Resume Calendar Address book Personal Data Sheet

The personal data sheet is a good way to organize the information needed to properly complete employment applications. Complete the form on the next page. Tear it out, and keep it in your portfolio. Personal References Many applications ask for references. A reference is someone who is not related to you who would say something positive about you. Former teachers, employers, clergymen, and prominent members of your community would be good references. It is a good idea to ask before giving anyones name as a reference. You might say, I am looking for a job. Would you be a reference for me? List your references on page six. Tear page five out and keep it in your portfolio.

Personal Data Sheet

Applicants Name (Last) Mailing Address (Number) City First Street State Zip Code Middle Initial

Social Security Number -

Home Telephone Number ( )

EDUCATION Name of School

Location of School

Course of Study

Date Completed

EMPLOYMENT HISTORY Begin with your most recent job. List each job separately. Job Title Name of Employer Address: City Telephone Number ( Duties Performed: ) Reason for Leaving: State Zip Code From ______ To _______ Name of Supervisor

Pay $ ______ Per _____

Job Title Name of Employer Address:

From ______ To _______ Name of Supervisor City State

Pay $ ______ Per _____

Zip Code

Telephone Number ( Duties Performed:

Reason for Leaving:

Job Title Name of Employer Address:

From ______ To _______ Name of Supervisor City State

Pay $ ______ Per _____

Zip Code

Telephone Number ( Duties Performed:

Reason for Leaving:

Job Title Name of Employer Address:

From ______ To _______ Name of Supervisor City State

Pay $ ______ Per _____

Zip Code

Telephone Number ( Duties Performed:

Reason for Leaving:

PERSONAL REFERENCES: List the names of three references that employers may contact.

1) Name Address:

Telephone # ( City

Occupation State Zip Code

2) Name

Telephone # (

Occupation

Address:

City

State

Zip Code

3) Name Address:

Telephone # ( City

Occupation State Zip Code

Tear this page out and keep it in your portfolio.

SKILLS IDENTIFICATION
A skill is anything you can do well right now. Most people are not good at recognizing and presenting the skills they have. Because of this, they have a difficult time explaining their value. In order to get the job you want, you must let a prospective employer know exactly what you can do. Employers want to know not only what you have done, but what can you do for them. Most people have many skills that they can sell. These skills may have come to you in a variety of ways. They may have come from jobs youve had, hobbies or from life experiences. I have interviewed hundreds of people with various skills and skill levels. Very few of them were able to tell me quickly what they were good at. Being able to identify and describe your skills will give you a huge advantage. You will be able to match your skills to jobs and present yourself better in interviews. Knowing exactly what you are good at will allow you to write a resume, complete applications and answer interview questions. Being able to do these three things well is the key to effectively selling yourself. There are three types of skills you are selling. Work related skills, transferable skills, and selfmanagement skills. Work Related Skills These are the particular mastery of a tool or technique that is related to specific occupations or activities. Driving, cooking, operating a cash register, and reading instruments are all types of work related skills. You may have acquired these skills from formal training, working at a job or from a hobby, volunteer work, or other activity. When we use the term Work Related Skills, dont just think of them as skills you have used at work, but skills that you have acquired throughout your life. We will call them I know how to skills. Whenever we describe these skills, we will use the words I know how to Use the worksheet on the following page to list your work related skills.

Work Related Skills List

I Know how to
Compose documents, file, type

Tools I Used
personal computer, automated business equipment

Transferable Skills The second set of skills, are your transferable skills. They are abilities that can be used in a variety of jobs. They may have been useful in performing one type of work but are also useful in performing other types of jobs. We will call them I can skills. Whenever we describe these skills, we will use the words I can Put a check next to the things you can do.
Accept and learn from constructive criticism Accept others' opinions Anticipate problems before they occur Budget Speak more than one language Define the problems and identify causes Effectively utilize resources Follow through with a plan or decision Give constructive feedback Handle several problems at one time Implement sound decisions Keep accurate and complete records Listen carefully Manage stress effectively Manage time effectively Motivate others Persuade others Practice ethical behavior in difficult situations Prioritize tasks Recognize numbers and perform calculations Respond appropriately to feedback Set priorities Set realistic goals Speak effectively Take initiative Take responsibility for decisions Use effective coaching skills Utilize technology (Computer, typewriter, fax) Work effectively under pressure Work effectively with others Work well alone or as part of a team Creative, Artistic

List your top ten transferable skills below

Self-Management Skills Self-management skills are parts of your basic personality that help you get through life. To many employers, these skills are just as or more important than work related skills. They are good indicators of how successful a prospective employee will be on the job. We will call them I am skills. Whenever we describe these skills, we will use the words I am
Adaptable Articulate Artistic Assertive Businesslike* Compassionate Composed under pressure Confident Cooperative* Courteous* Creative Dedicated Detail oriented Determined Diligent Efficient Energetic Enthusiastic Flexible
*

Reliable/Dependable* Responsible* Self-confident Self-Disciplined Self-motivated Sincere* Tactful Team-player* Trustworthy Well groomed

Friendly Hard-working* Honest* Loyal Mature Meticulous Organized Outgoing Patient Persistent Personable Punctual
*

*Skills Employers Look For Most

Quick Learner*

List your top five Self-management skills in the first column and your second five in the second column. The first five will be your personal strengths.

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From the previous worksheets, list your skills Work Related Skills (I know how to) Transferable Skills (I can) Self-Management Skills (I am)

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RESUMES
If your skills and work ethic is your product, then the resume is your sales brochure. The resume is a very powerful self-marketing tool that is designed to present your skills and qualifications in one neat package. An effective resume will give you an advantage over your competition in getting an interview where you can sell yourself. Your resume should be a one page summary of your skills, experience, and training. There are many ways to put a resume together. If you dont have much experience writing a resume, you may want to get help from someone that has experience doing this. A well prepared resume will contain certain elements: Contact Information Name (no nicknames) Address Telephone number (or message number) If you are using a cell phone number, make sure your greeting is mature and professional. E-mail address (if you have one) If you are using an e-mail address, be sure it is tasteful and appropriate. Objective Briefly state what you hope to accomplish with the resume. Experience Experience is any activity (paid or volunteer) which allowed you to learn or use a skill. This would include any community service, after school or summer jobs, or internships. You will need the title of position, name of organization, location of work (town, state), dates of employment. Describe your work responsibilities and specific skills used. This Information should be on your personal data sheet. Activities List any activities you have participated in for your own enjoyment such as clubs or sports. Education and Training If you are in college, list the name of the institution, city, state, and degree you are pursuing and your projected graduation year. If you are still in high school, list the name of your high school, city, state, and your projected graduation year. Also list any special areas of study such as college preparatory or trade. If you have a GED, list the name of the school where it was earned 12

Skills and Strengths List your outstanding strengths and skills from your skill set on page 11. References References are people who would say something positive about you as a person. A reference can be a teacher, a former employer, a coach or a group leader. Before using someone as a reference, I suggest you ask their permission in advance. You should be able to provide a full name, address, and telephone number for each one. I suggest you have at least three good references. References are only provided upon request Use the sample resume on the following page as a guide.

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1226 Hanover Dr. Arlington, VA 22210 KBaker123@hotmail.com (703) 555-1000 OBJECTIVE: EXPERIENCE
2005-06 Crazy Cream (seasonal) 2005-06

Kelly Baker

To obtain a position within a company that will benefit from my initiative, excellent interpersonal and organizational skills

Cashier/ Counterperson
Served patrons Performed cashier duties Kept service area clean

Arlington, VA

Thomas Jefferson High School Guidance Office

Office Assistant (volunteer)

Arlington, VA

Provided clerical support Experienced in the use of automated business equipment

ACTIVITIES Pep Band COMPUTER ORIENTATION MS Word EDUCATION Thomas Jefferson High School Candidate for Diploma June 2007 STRENGTHS o Hard-Working o Reliable o Organized o Team-Oriented References References Furnished upon Request 14 Arlington, VA MS Excel MS PowerPoint Varsity Softball Science Club

I have received hundreds and hundreds of resumes so I can tell you from experience that most of them end up in the trash. From one newspaper want-ad, an employer may receive over 200 resumes. Out of that 200 perhaps 15 result in interviews. Below is a list of dos and donts to help make your resume more effective. Do Emphasize your skills Use simple statements Make it brief (1 page) Be honest Use statements with action verbs (list of action verbs can be found on page 17) Make it easy to read and understand (many employers may spend less than a minute reviewing a resume) Use high quality white or ivory paper Have someone else proofread for grammatical and spelling errors Save your resume on a high quality diskette for easy use and keep it in a safe place

Dont Use loud color paper Use the words I or my Include names of references List reasons for leaving other jobs Include salary requirements Use a photograph or cutesy graphics List religious or political affiliations Include social security number

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Accelerated Accomplished Achieved Acted Adapted Addressed Administered Advanced Advertised Advised Analyzed Answered Applied Appraised Approved Arranged Assembled Assessed Assigned Assisted Attained Authorized Balanced Budgeted Built Calculated Captured Cataloged Charted Checked Classified Coached Collaborated Collected Combined Communicated Compared Compiled Completed Composed Condensed Conducted Constructed Consulted Contacted Contributed Controlled Converted Coordinated Corresponded Created Defined Delegated Delivered Demonstrated Designed Determined Developed

Directed Dispensed Displayed Distributed Documented Drafted Earned Edited Eliminated Emphasized Employed Enforced Enhanced Ensured Entertained Established Estimated Evaluated Examined Executed Expanded Fabricated Fashioned Finalized Fixed Focused Formed Formulated Found Furnished Gained Gathered Generated Handled Helped Hired Identified Illustrated Implemented Improved Improvised Incorporated Increased Initiated Inspected Installed Instituted Integrated Interacted Interpreted Interviewed Introduced Inventoried Investigated Involved Issued Joined Kept

Launched Learned Lectured Led Lifted Listened Located Logged Maintained Managed Marketed Maximized Measured Modified Monitored Motivated Negotiated Observed Obtained Opened Operated Ordered Organized Originated Outlined Overhauled Oversaw Participated Performed Persuaded Photographed Placed Planned Prepared Presented Prevented Printed Prioritized Processed Produced Programmed Projected Promoted Proofread Proposed Protected Proved Provided Publicized Purchased Qualified Ran Rated Received Recommended Recorded Recruited Reduced

Referred Regulated Rehabilitated Related Remodeled Reorganized Repaired Reported Represented Researched Reshaped Resolved Responded Restored Retrieved Reviewed Revised Routed Saved Scheduled Screened Searched Secured Selected Served Shaped Sold Solved Sorted Specialized Specified Structured Studied Supervised Supplied Supported Targeted Taught Tested Totaled Tracked Traded Trained Transcribed Transformed Transmitted Translated Traveled Updated Upgraded Used Utilized Validated Verified Volunteered Worked Wrote

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EMPLOYMENT GOALS
When I advise job seekers on employment goals, I encourage them to look for a job that they would enjoy and one that would suit their natural abilities. You look for a job that will not only hold your interest but offer the opportunity to learn new skills which will be useful later. The important thing is to select a job that you will enjoy and perform at a high level To get a clear understanding, go back to your skills assessment on page 12. Refer to your Transferable (I can) skills and your Self-Management skills. Look for jobs that will allow you to use these skills. Take into consideration your motivation to get a job. Is a job just a way for you to earn money or maybe you need a job that looks good on your resume? Also consider your personal likes and dislikes. If you dislike children, then a daycare center may not be the best choice for you. If you like working with the public, you may consider a customer service or retail sales job. Many teens like clothes and working in a retail clothing store would allow them to be around fashions all day and perhaps have the opportunity to purchase clothes at a discount. Do you like animals? Maybe an animal shelter or a veterinarians office would be perfect. Whatever you choose, your suitability and enjoyment would help you to be successful and may even be a great career path. Some typical jobs for teens are: Amusement park Attendant Camp Counselor Cashier Child Care Assistant Delivery person Fast food or restaurant Grocery Stocker Hotels Landscape Worker Lawn/yard maintenance Lifeguard Local Government Summer Programs Maintenance Helper Messenger Movie Theater Attendant Office Assistant Parking Lot Attendant Plant/Nursery Assistant Retail Salesperson Waitress Hostess

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BUSINESS FOR TEENS

Maybe you are too young to get a job or you simply like being your own boss. Starting a business may be the perfect choice to earn some money. With a little creativity and hard work, you can start your own business. There are many ways aggressive young people can get started in the business world. Here are a few ideas: A Painting Service Painting is a messy job, so if you have some experience and some friends there are surely some people who would pay you to do it. Be sure you can offer professional results at a lower cost than a professional company would charge. Selling Drinks or Bottled Water During the hot summer months, an ice cold drink at a good price would be a welcomed thing at a park, playground, or anywhere there is activity. You could purchase drinks at a wholesale price, chill them and they would sell like crazy. A Cleaning Service People who dont have time to clean their homes or small businesses would gladly pay someone to do it for them. Yard or basement cleaning could be a real money maker too. Car Washing Service People who dont have time to wash their own cars would really welcome a door-to-door car washing service. This type of business is very easy to get started and you could set up appointments at the car owners location. Dog Walking Service Busy people and homebound people would gladly pay someone to exercise their pets. You could get regular customers or even take care of pets while the owner is away. Yard Service A nice looking yard is nice but not everyone has the time or the energy to do it and would gladly pay someone. Cutting grass, weeding, planting flowers, and raking leaves could have you raking in bucks in the summer. Computer Technology Service Are you good with computer programs or setting up websites? There are people who would pay for your help designing websites, burning CDs or DVDs. You could charge to convert old VHS tapes to DVD. There even people who would pay you to teach them how to use a computer or software.

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Starting your own business will be a lot of work. You have to be prepared to work long hours finding and promoting your business. Handing out flyers, knocking on doors, and getting referrals is hard work that could pay off in a big way.

Have your own business card handy when making contacts. List your name, business and contact information. Your local printer can help you set it up and they are inexpensive. You can usually get 500 for less than ten dollars. Leave all of your contacts with a professional impression! See the sample below.

Knockout the competition with your personal business card!

Have flyers made up and hand them out all over town. Place them on bulletin boards in supermarkets, barber shops, beauty salons car windshields and anywhere people are. They dont cost much and they are a great way to get out and meet people who can use your service. See the sample flyer on the following page.

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Convenient easy tear off telephone numbers

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FINDING JOB OPENINGS

Finding a job is a numbers game. The more job leads you find, the more interviews you will get. The more interviews you get, the more offers you will receive. The challenge is to get as many quality job leads as possible. I surveyed 100 employed people. I asked how they learned about their current positions. Their responses were as follows: From personal contacts Applied directly to employer Newspaper want ads Employment agencies 38 36 19 7

There is no perfect job search method, but some methods yield more leads than others. Lets look at some and determine which are best. Personal Contacts Many people got their job leads from people they know. This is called networking. Networking is the most effective method of finding employment leads. Most jobs are never advertised because they are usually filled by personal contacts. In fact, employers would rather hire someone referred to them by people they know rather than to painfully sort through resumes and applications. How many people do you know? Each one of them is a potential lead for a job. Friends Relatives Neighbors Guidance Counselors Coaches and group leaders Members of your religious group (especially ministers, priests, imams, etc.) Teachers Former co- workers Former employers Classmates Casual acquaintances People you do business with (Hairstylists, barbers, doctors)

Look at the list above. In each group, list five people that you can contact. That is at least 60 people that could help you in your job search. Let each person know that you are looking for a job and that any information they have for you would be helpful. Have copies of your resume handy for your contacts to give to other people. Get in the habit of striking up a conversation with people youve never met. I encourage everyone who is looking for a job to employ the Three Feet Rule. Start a conversation with anyone who 21

comes within three feet of you. Talk about anything. Talk about the weather, the news, etc. Sometime during the conversation, introduce yourself and briefly mention that you are looking for a job. This approach may be uncomfortable at first, but the more you do it, the easier it will become. You just never know where your next opportunity will come from. Never ask for a job. Only ask for information about job leads or for advice. The more people you are able to contact, the more leads you will get. Remember, this is a numbers game. If you are fortunate to get a referral, always ask the referring person if you can use his or her name when following up. Follow up immediately with a telephone call. Your call may sound like this: Kelly : Good morning, my name is Kelly Baker and I am calling for Mr. Johnson. Receptionist: One moment. Ill see if he is available Kelly : Thank you. Kelly : Good morning Mr. Johnson, My name is Kelly Baker. I was referred to you by Mr. John Jones. He informed me that you may be looking for hard working people. Mr. Johnson: Im always looking for good help. Kelly : Thats great! When would be a good time to meet with you in person? Mr. Johnson: How about Tuesday at 10:00? Kelly : That will be fine. Ill see you then! Thank you very much Mr. Johnson. Use the Job Leads Log on the next page to track your contacts when following up on leads. Make copies as needed.

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Job Leads Log

Company Contacted: Address: Phone Number: Person Contacted: Date of Application: Date Called For Interview: Date of Interview: Resume Left? Follow up Date: Job Applied For: Company Contacted: Address: Phone Number: Person Contacted: Date of Application: Date Called For Interview: Date of Interview: Resume Left? Follow up Date: Job Applied For: Company Contacted: Address: Phone Number: Person Contacted: Date of Application: Date Called For Interview: Date of Interview: Resume Left? Follow up Date: Job Applied For: Company Contacted: Address: Phone Number: Person Contacted: Date of Application: Date Called For Interview: Date of Interview: Resume Left? Follow up Date: Job Applied For: Company Contacted: Address: Phone Number: Person Contacted: Date of Application: Date Called For Interview: Date of Interview: Resume Left? Follow up Date: Job Applied For:

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Apply Directly to Employers Another effective strategy for finding job openings is to apply to employers directly. Once you have a general idea of the type of work you would like to do, the next step is to identify employers that could possibly use your services. The owners or managers of smaller companies usually make the hiring decisions. Make a list of employers in your chosen field. Contact each one of them to see if there are positions available and how to apply.

The best resource to find potential employers is right at your fingertips. It is the Yellow Pages! Just make a list of the businesses in the field you would like to enter. Let your fingers do the walking to your next job. You can cover far more ground using the telephone than in person. Make a telephone call to gather information or even schedule an interview. Your call may sound like this. Receptionist: Thank you for calling XYZ Maintenance Company. How may I help you? Kelly: Hello. My name is Kelly Baker. I am looking for employment. Could I please have the name and title of the person responsible for hiring? Receptionist: Yes, that would be Jim Johnson. Kelly: May I speak with him please? Receptionist: He is not available right now. Kelly: Could you tell me when a good time would be to reach him? Receptionist: Hell be in tomorrow morning. Kelly: Thank you, I will call back then. Even though Kelly was not able to reach the decision maker himself, she was able to get information for her next call to XYZ. If she is unable to get an interview after several calls, she has all the information she needs to send her resume later. (See the section on correspondence for information about sending resumes)

Sometimes it is not easy to get through the receptionist or secretary. Often the receptionist will ask if you would like to leave a message. Never leave one. Ask if there's a more convenient time to call back. Always be polite. Most people with the power to make decisions do not keep 9-5 hours. If you are having trouble reaching the person in charge of hiring, try calling at 8:30 am or 5:30 pm. Chances are he will answer himself.

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Newspaper Want Ads For some, the newspaper help wanted ads are the first choice of many job seekers for finding job leads. Even though there may be many listings there, the odds of finding your next job this way are against you. Consider this: A newspaper want ad will draw between 200 and 500 responses. The competition for the advertised job will be intense. Advertised jobs account for less than 10% of all available jobs. Some advertised jobs dont exist. In some cases, the opening may have already been filled but the company must advertise it because of some requirement. The advertised job may be so bad or pay so poorly that the employer may have trouble keeping employees. Want ads are not a waste of time. There are advantages to using the want ads to get a job. Want ads are fast. Respond to an ad today, and you could be hired within weeks or even days. For many, responding to want ads is less stressful than asking people for help finding a job. Want ads will easily let you know what the employer is looking for. The job requirements are right there in the ad, so you can tailor your resume, cover letter and interview to the employer's needs. Look for entry-level positions. Entry-level jobs generally dont pay much but offer the opportunity to build your work history and gain valuable experience that can help you get to the next level. Even though the odds are against you, a little hard work will increase your chances of getting a job this way Apply for an advertised job if you have at least 75% of the qualifications in the ad. Employment ads are paid for by the line. In order to save as much money as possible, many abbreviations are used. Because of this, those unfamiliar with abbreviations may find employment ads difficult to understand. On the following page are some common abbreviations used in classified employment ads.

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admin. agcy. a.m. appt. asst. bkgd. bldg. bus. clk. co. coll. comm. corp. data pro. dept. dir. div. EOE eqpt. etc. eves. exc. exp. ext. gd. at fig gen., gen. fac. gen. off. grad. hosp. hqtrs. hr. hrly. H.S. immed. incl.

administrative agency morning appointment assistant background building business clerk company college commission corporation data processing department director division equal opportunity employer equipment and so on evenings excellent experience extension good at figures general general factory general office graduate hospital headquarters hour hourly high school immediate including

ind. inexp jr. lt. mach. mfg. mech. mgr. M-F mo. nec. op.,oper. oppty. ot own trans. pd. perm. p.m. pref. PT refs. rel. req. sal. secty. sr. stdnt. steno. swbd. tech. tel. temp. trnee. typ. wk. wpm yr.

industrial inexperienced junior light machine manufacturing mechanic manager Monday-Friday month necessary operator opportunity overtime transportation paid permanent afternoon preferences part time references reliable required salary secretary senior student stenographer switchboard technical telephone temporary trainee typing/typist week/work words per minute year

Once you have decided which ads you would like to answer, identify which ads ask that you send a resume, which ask that apply in person, and which have a number to call.

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Misleading Help-Wanted Ads Some ads appear to offer attractive positions but are really come-ons for sales jobs, pitches for training or multi-level marketing schemes that require you pay money to get started. These ads are often worded in clever ways. If you think the job is too good to be true, it usually is. If there is a telephone number, call and ask questions about the position. One question you may ask is Is this a sales position? You may ask Is this an actual position? You may even ask what the dayto-day duties are. Beware of ads you see all of the time. These may be ads for jobs that have terrible working conditions or such low pay that no one will stay. The important thing is to find out as much about the position before you invest valuable time and energy. Responding by telephone Call as quickly as you can in response to a want ad. Have your resume ready to answer questions about your qualifications. Also have a notepad to write down important information such as meeting time, address, and name of the person you are going to meet or when to fill out an application. Employers may use the telephone to prescreen applicants. Be prepared to briefly state your qualifications. Dont try to sell over the phone. The important thing is to get an interview. Your call may sound like this: "Hello. My name is Kelly Baker. Im calling in response to your ad in Sundays Journal for an office assistant. Is it still open? "I would like to arrange an interview for this position." Set a date to meet with the employer. Be sure you have the correct spelling and pronunciation of the persons name you are meeting with. Be sure you have the date and time of the meeting as well as the correct address and directions if needed. Repeat all information to be certain that it is correct. Always thank the person for the interview and express your anticipation of the meeting like this: "Thank you. I look forward to meeting you." Tips for Using the Telephone in Your Job Search Contacting employers on the telephone can be an intimidating experience. Continued practice and using proper techniques will give you confidence. Sounding confident will make this task easier, more enjoyable and lead to job search success. Follow these tips to add power to your telephone contacts. Set a schedule for making calls and stick to it. Have a pen and pad handy to take notes. Keep a copy of your resume handy that list your skills. 28

Keep background noise to a minimum. Radios, televisions, barking dogs, and crying children are distracting to the person you are speaking to and yourself. Always know what you are going to say before you call. Give your name and the reason you are calling. Use a script until you feel comfortable. Practice with friends or family members or in front of a mirror. Write down the questions you want to ask. Sound professional at all times. Use proper grammar and diction. Avoid the use of slang. People will judge your professionalism and decide whether to call you back based on it. Always smile while using the phone. It will make you sound pleasant. Always speak slowly when leaving your name, address, or telephone number. If your message is not understood, it was wasted. Stand up when you use the phone. Your voice will sound stronger. When leaving a voice mail message, be sure to make it short and clear. Practice a script for leaving a voicemail. Notice that I said practice a script. Never read from one or it will sound like you are reading from a script. Practice until it sounds natural.

Use the newspaper but not the want ads! Check the business section or the local news section. You will find information about new businesses opening up in your area or ones that are expanding. Dont wait for the want ads. Follow-up on these leads right away! Temporary Agencies Consider working as a temporary as a way of getting a permanent job. Temporary agencies are a great way to quickly get into the working world. Many employers use agencies to try out new employees before hiring them. Good workers are hard to find. If an employer sees that you are hard working, punctual and fit in well, he may offer the job permanently. Some other advantages to using a temporary employment service: You can try different types of work and develop new skills which can be used later. You can make new contacts. Build a work history. Earn a wage until you can find permanent employment. Make a list of temporary agencies in your area. Call each one to find out what types of jobs they have available. Apply just as you would any other employer.

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Job Fairs Job fairs are usually a gathering of many employers at a centralized location. Employers use job fairs to promote their companies, and quickly fill entry level positions. They are a good way to meet, pre-screen, and interview eligible applicants. Usually, job fairs are highly publicized with the roster of participating companies advertised. Because they are publicized so well, they attract a large number of job seekers. Being prepared is the best way to get the most out of a job fair. Here are some tips to give you an edge at the next job fair you attend. Be professional at all times. You never know who is watching. To save time, have a list of employers you are most interested in. You can get a list of participating employers from the job fair advertisement. Select the companies you are interested in and get some basic information on them. Approach job fairs like interviews (see the sections on interviewing.) Dress appropriately. Have your tools ready (data sheet, plenty of resumes, pens, etc.) Speak to as many employers as possible to practice your interview skills. You may have to wait in line to speak with an employer. Pay close attention to the person ahead of you as he is being interviewed. Listen to the questions being asked. Always ask for a business card so you can follow up later.

One-Stop Career Centers Each state has a network of centers that offer a variety of free services that can get you ready for work and assist you in finding employment. In addition, these centers offer training programs that may prepare you for a career. Some services available are: Career planning and counseling Workshops (Resume Writing, Interviewing Skills, and related topics.) Computers with internet access and word processing Daily access to thousands of job listings You can find the nearest location of the One Stop Career Center in your local phone book or on the web at: www.servicelocator.org Job-related magazines and local newspapers Job postings and referrals Printers, fax machines, phones, and copiers for job search use

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NOTES

31

CORRESPONDENCE IN YOUR JOB SEARCH

Written communication is a very important part of a successful job search. Effectively communicating by mail may be the difference in being hired or not being hired. Getting your resume into the hands of someone who can hire you will give you a tremendous advantage. We will look at how using the mail will give your job search a boost. Cover Letters Cover letters should be personalized introductions outlining your skills and qualifications. They are used whenever you choose to mail your resume. The cover letter introduces you and states exactly why the resume is being sent. The cover letter will also basically give your qualifications and ask for an interview. Writing an effective cover letter is just as important as having a good resume. An employer may not even consider your resume if it is poorly written, unorganized or difficult to understand The three basic types of cover letters are: Advertised Job Letter : This letter is used when responding to an advertisement in a newspaper or other publication that ask that a resume be sent. There is a sample Advertised Job Letter on page 34. Referral Letter: This letter is used to introduce yourself and your resume to someone you have been referred to by someone else. It should name the person who referred you and give the prospective employer an outline of your qualifications as well as request an interview. There is a sample Referral Letter on page 35. Cold Call Letter: This letter is used when you send your resume to employers you have not met. The letter should outline your qualifications and ask that you be considered for any current or future opening that would be a good fit. It should also ask for a meeting to discuss possible opportunities. There is a sample Cold Call Letter on page 36. Composing your cover letter Your cover letter is a method of formal communication and should be composed in the same manner as any other business letter. Use the sample on the next page as a guide to set up a cover letter.

Give yourself another way to communicate with prospective employers. Everyday, more people are becoming connected to the internet. Use the internet to your advantage. Set up an e-mail account with an address that can be used to reach employers and they can reach you. Yahoo and Hotmail are sites that offer free e-mail accounts that can use online mailboxes that can be accessed from any computer that has internet access.

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Your Name Your Address City, State Zip

Your Phone Number Date of Letter Hiring Persons Name Hiring Person's Title Name of Company Company Address City, State Zip
Always direct your letter to the person that can make a hiring decision. Never address to the Hiring Manager or To whom it may concern. Always get this information. The best way to do this is over the phone. Simply ask Who is in charge of hiring? May I have the correct spelling and pronunciation of his name? May I also have his title?

Salutation: Use the hiring persons last name Ex. Dear Mr. Jones Opening Paragraph: State the reason you are sending the resume. Specify the position which you are applying. Indicate which publication you learned of the opening. Middle Paragraph(s): In this paragraph you want to highlight some of your skills and how they relate to the type of work you are looking for and how they would be of value to the organization. Closing Paragraph: In this paragraph you have enclosed a copy of your resume and would like to schedule a meeting to discuss opportunities for employment. Do not forget to list your telephone number. Thank the prospective employer for his/her consideration and express your desire to hear from him. Sincerely, Allow space for your signature

Your full name Enclosure

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Sample Advertised Job Letter

Kelly J. Baker 321 North Drive Arlington, VA 22210 (703) 555-1000 July 11, 2005 Mr. Frederick J. Diggets General Manager XYZ Company 505 Kravitz Ave. Arlington, VA 22210 Dear Mr. Diggets: This letter is written in response to your recent advertisement in the Arlington Cash Gazette for an Office Assistant. I believe I am qualified for the position that you are advertising. In addition I pride myself in being a hard-working, dependable, and responsible person. I would appreciate the opportunity to schedule an appointment at your convenience to discuss the position with you in detail. Enclosed is a copy of my resume. Hopefully it will be helpful in further establishing my qualifications. I can be reached at (703) 555-1000. I am looking forward to meeting you.

Sincerely,

Kelly J. Baker
Kelly J. Baker Enclosure

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Sample Referral Letter

Kelly J. Baker 321 North Drive Arlington, VA 22210 (703) 555-1000 July 11, 2005 Mr. Frederick J. Diggets General Manager XYZ Company 505 Kravitz Ave. Arlington, VA 22210 Dear Mr. Diggets: My name is Kelly Baker. Mr. James Ditts suggested that I contact you concerning possible employment opportunities with your company I have experience in but not limited to clerical work. I have a reputation for being hard-working, honest, and dependable. I would appreciate the opportunity to schedule an appointment at your convenience to discuss employment possibilities with you. Enclosed is a copy of my resume. Hopefully it will be helpful in further establishing my qualifications. I can be reached at (703) 555-1000. I am looking forward to meeting you.

Sincerely,

Kelly J. Baker
Kelly J. Baker Enclosure

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Sample Cold Call Letter

Kelly J. Baker 321 North Drive Arlington, VA 22210 (703) 555-1000 July 11, 2005 Mr. Frederick J. Diggets General Manager XYZ Company 505 Kravitz Ave. Arlington, VA 22210 Dear Mr. Diggets: My name is Kelly Baker. I am interested in a position as an Office Assistant. I feel confident that my skills and work ethic would make me a valuable employee. I am hard working, honest and I have a strong sense of pride in my work I would appreciate the opportunity to schedule an appointment at your convenience to discuss employment possibilities with you. Enclosed is a copy of my resume. Hopefully it will be helpful in further establishing my qualifications. I can be reached at (703) 555-1000. I am looking forward to meeting you.

Sincerely,

Kelly J. Baker
Kelly J. Baker Enclosure

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Tips for Sending your Cover Letters and Resumes

The cover letter should be customized to each company and or position. You must research the company and position description to write a strong cover letter. Address the letter to a specific person. Call the company or organization to obtain a name, position, and address of the person that is in charge of hiring. Type each letter individually on good quality paper. This paper should be the same as you use for your resume. Get someone to proofread to avoid errors. Remember to sign the letter. Never fold your resume and cover letter. Use a paper clip to attach the letter to the resume and send it in an 8.5X11 in. envelope. Time the arrival of your letter. Mondays and Fridays are very hectic in most offices and are worst days for someone to receive your resume. Mark your job search log and follow up at a later date to be sure your resume was received.

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APPLICATIONS Your first direct contact with an employer may involve completing an employment application. An employer may use applications as a method to gather information to decide who to interview and who not to interview. Employers use applications not only to look at experience, training, and work history, the application can be used to judge an applicants ability to follow directions, honesty and attention to detail. To have the best opportunity of getting an interview, you must understand employment applications. Here are tips to completing employment applications. Application Basics Follow directions. Always read the entire application before you begin. If there is anything you do not understand, ask someone to explain it to you. Be neat. Print very clearly using blue or black ink only. If you do not print very well, ask if you may take it home and bring it back. Get someone who prints well to help you. If possible ask for an extra application just in case. Remember neatness counts. Never use white out. White out will nullify some forms of applications. Never crumple or fold the application. Answer all questions. If there are questions that do not apply to you, use the notation N/A meaning not applicable. This will let the employer know that you did not miss the question. It did not apply to you. Completeness counts. If you have a resume, you may attach it to the application. Do not attempt to use the resume in place of a completed application. Be honest. Providing false information may be grounds for dismissal. Most of the information you will need can be found on your personal data sheet. Name Use your legal name. No nicknames or aliases. Social Security Number If you do not know your social security number, or dont have the card itself, go to your local Social Security Administration office. It is listed in the blue pages of your local telephone directory. You will definitely need this card when you get a job offer. Address Use your current address. Some may ask for a previous address. If you do not have a permanent address, ask to use an address of a friend or relative. Telephone Number You must have a telephone number on the application. If you use your cell phone, be sure your message is mature and professional. 38

How Did You Hear About The Company? The employer may want to know how you found out about the company or the opening. Typical responses are: Newspaper Ad Referred by someone (give the persons name.) Walk-In Position Applied For Be specific about the job you are applying for. Have a particular job in mind when you apply. If you are unsure, contact the company to inquire about exactly which positions are available. Date You Can Start Never reply immediately or ASAP. The employer may need a point in time. If you are available today, use todays date or a date that you will be available. Salary Desired Never list a dollar figure. You may use a figure that is too high and may not be considered because you are asking for more than the employer is willing to pay. You may use a figure that is too low and undervalue yourself. To be safe, use the term negotiable. This implies that you will discuss salary when an offer is made. Education This information should come directly from your personal data sheet. Beginning with your most recent training, list any courses, workshops, seminars, or employment training. General Information/Special Skills In this section, list any special skills you have that will be of use to an employer. Include skills you have listed on page 12, especially your self-management skills. If you have computer skills, list the types of software you are familiar with. Employment History Once again, this information should come directly from your personal data sheet. List your past jobs in order beginning with the most recent. Use the month and year that the job began for you, and the month and year the job ended for you. If you are unsure of employers and dates, you can contact your local Social Security Administration office. If your past jobs were on the record, the Social Security Administration should have this information. You will also need the former employers address, telephone number, and supervisors name. Often the application will ask for the name of the position and your pay rate for each job.

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This section will also ask for you to describe your duties, and reason for leaving. Accepted reasons for leaving are: Left for better position Promoted Layoff Never used the terms fired or terminated if you left a job unfavorably. It would be better to use the terms, released, involuntary separation. If you have never had a job, write No Work History in the first space. References Employment applications often will ask for references. Refer to your reference sheet. Dos and Donts of Applications Do When applying for employment, always dress as if you are going to an interview. You never know who you are going to meet. You may be asked to interview on the spot. (See section on Dress for Success) Be sure to have your personal data sheet and plenty of resumes with you. Read the entire application before beginning. If there is anything you do not understand, ask for clarification. Dont Take anyone with you. Use white out. Forget to sign and date the application. Fold or crumple the application. Bring food or drinks. Leave blank spaces. Use the notation N/A for items that do not apply to you. Get food or other types of stains on the application. Use a black or blue pen only. Be sure that your application is neat, complete, and legible. If possible take it home. Always be honest. Have the application proofread if possible. Attach a copy of your resume. Resigned Business closed Seasonal position Temporary position

On the following two pages is a sample application. Make copies, and practice completing them properly. The more you practice, the better you will be when the time comes for the real thing. 40

Application for Employment

PERSONAL INFORMATION
Name (Last name first) DATE _______________________________ Social Security Number

Present Address

City and State

Zip Code

Permanent Address (if different)

City and State

Zip Code

Phone Number

Are you 18 or older?

How did you hear about this company?

[ ] Yes EMPLOYMENT DESIRED

Position(s)

[ ] No
Date you can start Salary Desired

If so, may we contact your present Are you employed?

[ ] Yes

[ ] No employer? [ ] Yes [ ] No
When?

[ ] Yes
What position?

[ ] No

Have you worked for this company before?

EDUCATION
Name & Location of School Years Attended Did you graduate? Subjects Studied

High School College Trade, Business or other school GENERAL INFORMATION

Subjects of special study / Work or special training / Skills

Work Experience (List below the last four employers, starting with the last one first) Month and Year From To From To From To From Name & Address of Employer Salary Position Reason for Leaving

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42

REFERENCES Reference Name

Give the names of three persons not related to you.

Address

Telephone Number

Years Known

SERVICE RECORD Branch of Service Discharge Date / Rank

Have you ever been convicted of a crime other than a minor traffic violation?

( ) Yes ( ) No

*Have you been arrested for and charged with a crime for which you are currently ( ) Yes ( ) No out on bail or on your own recognizance pending trial?
If yes, explain. (Will not necessarily exclude you from consideration)

AUTHORIZATION
I hereby affirm that the information on this application (and accompanying documents, if any) is true and complete to the best of my knowledge. I also agree that any misstatement, falsified information, or omission deemed significant may disqualify me from further consideration for employment and/or may be considered justification for discharge if discovered after an offer of employment has been extended to me I authorize all persons, schools, companies, corporations and organizations named in this applications (and accompanying documents, if any), to release any information concerning my background, and I hereby release them from any and all claims of liability in law and in equity that may arise out of the release and attainment of such information

Applicants Signature:

Date:

page 2 of 2

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44

PREPARING FOR THE INTERVIEW

If all has gone well, you are beginning to get interviews. The interview is an opportunity for you and the employer to get to know each other and to decide if there is a match. I have stated before that finding a job is a marketing campaign aimed at finding buyers for your product. Of course your product is your set of skills and your work ethic. The interview is the time where your product is matched with the employers wants. To get the job, you will have to sell yourself. You effectively sell yourself by the way you look, the way you act and present your qualifications. DRESS FOR SUCCESS I cannot overstate the power of making a positive first impression. Looking the part of a professional is just as important as what you say. What works for your favorite rapper or entertainer will not work for an interview. Remember, the interview is a business meeting. People will make assumptions about your professionalism and potential performance based upon your appearance. Your appearance should say Im the person for this job. Men The ideal dress is a navy blue or dark suit or sport jacket with a long sleeved, light colored shirt and a color-coordinated tie. Be sure to wear a belt that matches your shoes. For some, this may not be possible. At the very least, a white shirt (you can never go wrong with a white shirt) with dark slacks. The rule about shoes is If you cant shine them, dont wear them. Boots or sneakers are unacceptable. Black shoes are best. The hair and nails should be neat and trimmed. I suggest no facial hair. I have never seen anyone turned down for a job for being clean shaven. No earrings, facial piercings or tongue ornaments, and only one ring per hand.

The wrong way to dress for an interview 45

The correct way to dress for an interview

Women Wear a classic skirted suit with a light colored blouse or a simple dress that does not rise above the knee. Do not wear anything too tight or too revealing. Be sure to wear coordinated pumps that are neat and clean. The pantyhose should be a light, natural color with no pattern. Hair should be neat and of natural color. Short hair is best, but neatly done longer hair is fine. The nails should be neatly trimmed with tasteful polish. The make-up should be natural looking with no bright colors. One set of earrings (no larger than a quarter) no facial piercings or tongue ornaments, one ring per hand and no more than one bracelet per wrist. For both men and women, avoid the use of colognes, perfumes, or oils. Some people may be allergic. Bathing with quality soap will leave a light scent that is enough. These are general guidelines that are strongly recommended to make a positive first impression. The right clothing will help you get the job you want. Take a look at the Figures below

The wrong way to dress for an interview

The correct way to dress for an interview

Do you wear braids, cornrows or a beard? Forms of personal expression like braids and beards are your right, but they may limit your chances of getting a job. Image is everything on the job search. You are subject to the likes and dislikes of the interviewer. If he doesnt like beards, you wont be hired. If he doesnt like braids or other forms of long hair, you wont be hired. You must be willing to give up your self-expression for the opportunity to get a job.

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Know Yourself Know the information on both your resume and your personal data sheet. Many of the questions on your interview will come directly from information you have provided on your resume and application. Know About the Job You Are Applying For The next thing on your preparation list is to understand the job you are applying for. Be able to relate your skills to the position. If you have to, ask for a written description of the job and the duties involved. The more you know about the job, the better prepared you will appear. UNDERSTANDING WHAT EMPLOYERS ARE LOOKING FOR The person who can best convince the employer that he can fill his wants will get the job. The first step in this process is to understand exactly what the employer wants. From experience, I can tell you that aside from the skills to get the job done he is looking for: Communication Skills The ability to get ideas across both verbally and in writing in a way that is easy to understand Honesty/Integrity The refusal to lie, steal or deceive regardless of circumstance Strong work ethic To be conscientious about doing a good job because you take pride in what you do Teamwork skills The ability to work well as part of a team to achieve a common goal Interpersonal skills The ability to understand and interact well with others Self-motivation/initiative A personal desire to set and achieve goals Flexibility/Adaptability The ability to adjust to change, think creatively and solve problems effectively and quickly. It also is the ability to work well with those who are different from you.

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Dependability Committed to arrive to work every day, on time, and ready to work Positive Attitude Demonstration of enthusiasm through words and actions

Understanding what employers are looking for will allow you to focus your answers around these principles. You must be able to relate your skills and attitudes to best fit the needs of the employer. Being able to do this in a confident manner will land you a job. On the following pages is a list of common interview questions followed by some excellent responses.

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ANSWERS TO THE TOUGHEST INTERVIEW QUESTIONS

Q: Tell me about yourself...

This in many cases is the first and most difficult question of the entire interview. It is difficult because many people are unsure how to answer it. Let me make it easy for you. He is not interested in your favorite music, your family, or other personal information. The employer is trying to find out something about you that is going to work for him. The answer is in the five strengths you listed as part of your Self-management skills. You already know what employers are looking for so tailor your answers accordingly. A: I am known as a very hard working person. I am proud of my reputation for being hard working and reliable. When I commit to doing something, it will get done, and on time." A: A: Q: I have a real team attitude. I like working with other people to get things done. I am really proud of my work. I put my heart into everything I do. What do you know about our company?

You will appear to be enthusiastic just by doing some research. Some things you should know: How long the company has been in business. Number of locations Number of employees What the company does (service or products) Who is the competition? If you are interviewing with a large company, you may find this information on the internet or the library. If you are interviewing with a smaller company, employees may give you this information if you call. Q: Why do you want to work here?

The employer wants to know why you chose the company. A: This would be a good opportunity to use my skills I have and to learn some new ones.

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Q:

Im concerned that you dont have as much experience as wed like.

If the interviewers only objection to you is your lack of experience you are in good shape. If you dont have much experience, offer something you have that may be just as or even more valuable. A: I dont have much experience, but Im a hard worker and I learn very quickly! If you show me what to do, I know I can pick it up. Q: What are your greatest strengths?

Once again, the interviewer is looking for something you can tell about yourself that will work for him. Go back to your self-management skills that match employer wants. A: One of my biggest strengths is that I am selfmotivated. I do what has to be done when it needs to be done. A: Q: I have a personal commitment to be excellent. It is important for me to give 100%. What is your greatest weakness?

This question is tricky and is used to eliminate applicants. We all have weaknesses, but the interview is a time to sell. Do not tell the interviewer anything that can be used against you. You have two choices. You can present a strength you have as a weakness or you can offer a technical weakness as long as it has nothing to do with the job. A: I am really hard on myself when I dont finish things on time.

A: Sometime I try to do too many things at once. Im learning how to set priorities so I can do what is important first. A: I know its none of my business, but I find myself getting annoyed at other people when they dont work as hard as I do. A: I wish I had more computer training. Understanding computers is really important. I plan to take a course soon. Q: Why did you leave your last job?

Whatever the reason, never say anything negative. The biggest sign of a troublemaker is when someone trashes his or her former boss or company during an interview. Never use words like fired or quit. Especially avoid words like personality clash, didn't get along, personal problems or anything that would lead one to believe you have attitude or integrity issues.

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A: The job wasn't working out so my boss and I agreed that it was time for me to move on. There are no hard feelings. It gave us both the opportunity to find a better fit. A: Looking back, there are situations that I could have handled differently. Im going to consider them learning experiences. Some things you just have to learn the hard way. Q: Why should I hire you?

This is another question that most applicants are unprepared for. Never say Because I need a job. You know what his needs are so let him know how you can meet them. Think of yourself as the product. Convince him to buy. A: The main reasons you should hire me are, Ill be here everyday, on time, ready to give 110%. Q: What do you like to do in your spare time?

The interviewer is trying to understand something about your personality. You want to give the impression that you have stability or you are always trying to improve yourself. A: A: A: Q: I love spending time with my family. I read a lot. The world is full of what I dont know. I like to workout. Being healthy is very important to me. Tell me about a situation when your work was criticized

The interviewer wants to know how you handle criticism which relates to authority. A: When anyone gives me honest criticism about my work, I dont take it personal. Sometimes others see things that I dont. I take it as an opportunity to improve. Q: What makes you angry?

The interviewer is trying to find out how you handle difficult people or situations. A: Im a laid back person. I try not to be controlled by my emotions. When I find myself getting angry or frustrated, I step back and wait before I do anything. Q: Tell me about the worst job youve ever had.

Remember, never say anything negative about anyone or anything. Interviews are about positives! A: I had some jobs that I enjoyed more than others. I always took the opportunity to learn something from every job.

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Q:

How much money are you looking for?

Be careful. This question is used to weed out candidates. The rule is never mention a dollar figure. You may mention a rate that is too low and undervalue yourself, or mention a rate that is too high and price yourself right out. A: Money is not the main reason Im here. Im looking for a job that feels good to me and I enjoy coming to everyday. If Im successful, it works for you and it works for me. Im sure you will make me a fair offer. A: I want to be paid fairly for what I do but mainly Im looking for a job that will allow me to learn and get ahead. (If these answers are not enough for him, give him the answer below) A: Q: I want as much as you can afford to pay me. Do you have any questions for me?

Here is an opportunity to show just how interested you are. Most applicants answer no to this question. Remember the interviewer is interviewing you and you are interviewing him. Get the edge by asking some questions that will give him the impression that you are enthusiastic about the interview.

Make your interview easier by asking a question near the beginning of the interview. Simply ask What are you looking for in the person you hire for this position? The interviewer will give the answers for the rest of the interview. How long have you been working here? What do you like most about working here? What are the day to day duties of this position? What are some of the more difficult problems one would have to face in this position? What advancement opportunities are available for the person who is successful in this position? Never ask questions about salary, overtime, or other benefits. Questions like that leave a negative impression. These things will likely be discussed when an offer is made. These questions are presented only as interviewing guidelines. They are meant to help you prepare for the interview.

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VERBAL COMMUNICATION Employers are generally impressed by people who speak well. If you want to leave a professional impression, pay close attention to the way you speak. Do you pronounce words properly? Do you use slang? Do you pronounce the ings at the end of your words? Speaking in a professional way will give the interviewer the impression you are a quality person and you will have an edge over the competition. BODY LANGUAGE Interviewing is not just about answering questions. Even if you say all the right things, you still may not be hired. The interviewers primary responsibility is finding the best person for the job. Just by giving you an interview someone believes from your resume or application you have the basic skills to do the job. The interview is the opportunity for the employer to meet the person behind the resume. The best person may not have the best qualifications or the most experience. The person that shows that he not only has the skills to get the job done, but can fit in with the people that are already there and presents a positive attitude will get the job. You must understand that companies do not hire people. People hire people. The person that hires you must like you as a person. Im not saying that if the interviewer likes you, you will get the job. I am saying if he doesnt like you, you have no chance. You must be confident, friendly, and likeable to get the job. Your answers to questions are only part of what the interviewer is paying attention to. Your body language will tell more about you than what you say. Pay attention to the message that your body is sending. Smile Smiling is your most powerful body language tool. Some believe that smiling or other forms of kindness are signs of weakness. You must get rid of that attitude if you are serious about finding a job. A bright smile will open doors for you. When we smile at others it sends a message of trust and sincerity. Others feel safe and relax around those whose smiles are warm and genuine. If you do not smile easily, I suggest you practice until it comes naturally to you. Posture Your posture will make you look confident and professional. When you stand and walk, make sure that your back is straight, your shoulders are back, and your chin is up. When sitting, make sure your feet are flat on the floor, your back is straight, and your hands are on your lap. If you have a portfolio or notepad, hold it on your lap. Never fold your arms across your chest. It sends a message that you are defensive. Keeping your hands on your lap will keep you from doing annoying things with your hands. When the interviewer speaks, lean forward occasionally to show that you are interested.

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Eye Contact Maintaining positive eye contact is important if you want to send a message that you are honest and sincere. Those who have difficulty making eye contact when speaking or when spoken to make people uncomfortable and appear untrustworthy. If you have trouble looking people in the eye, try looking at the bridge of the other persons nose. It will have the same effect. Eye contact is very important in establishing trust, but do not stare. It is o.k. to occasionally look away, just be sure that you have that all important eye contact when either one of you are speaking. Handshake An interviewer's first impression of you is often formed when you shake hands. A firm handshake communicates self confidence so you always want to offer your hand when meeting people. This applies to men and women. Always wait for the interviewer to offer his or her hand first. When shaking hands, be sure to meet the interviewer with a firm grip. A grip that is limp or weak leaves an impression of a weak character. A grip that is too strong says that the person is insecure and has something to prove. If your palms sweat, wipe them off before shaking hands. PRACTICE, PRACTICE, PRACTICE Your success on your interview will depend on how well you prepare. Prepare well and you will be successful. Prepare poorly and your interviews will have poor results. Successful interviewing will depend on how well you use both verbal and body language. You will find that the more you practice, the better you get. Practice your body language in front of a mirror. Get feedback on your body language. Practice answering questions until they sound natural and convincing. Do not try to memorize your answers. Use your own words. Get a friend or family member to help you by pretending to be the interviewer. Set up practice interviews that will allow you to rehearse your body language and answers to tough questions. Go through an entire interview from first meeting, to answering and asking questions to closing the interview. If possible, tape record your practice interviews so you can judge your responses to questions and your use of grammar and diction. On the following page is a sample practice interview evaluation. Make copies of it. Give it to the person you are practicing with so that he or she can evaluate your interview performance. An honest evaluation will help you identify your weak spots so you may improve on them. Remember, the more you practice, the better you will get.

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Practice Interview Evaluation

(Ratings: 5=Outstanding, 4=Above Average, 3=Acceptable, 2=Limited, 1=Not Acceptable) PERSONAL APPEARANCE _ Grooming _ Professional Dress _ Neatness VERBAL COMMUNICATION _ Loud and Clear _ No Slang _ Avoided filler words such as "uh" , "you know", "um" CONTENT OF ANSWERS/QUESTIONS _ Complete answers with specific examples for support _ Highlighted abilities well _ Questions to interviewer were logical PERSONALITY/ETIQUETTE _ Enthusiastic and interested _ Motivated _ Good manners BODY LANGUAGE _ Firm Handshake _ Good Posture _ Good Eye Contact OTHER COMMENTS? ( strong points, weak areas, hints, advice, problems, personal hints)

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FINAL INTERVIEW PREPARATION Preparation is the key to a successful interview. Plan all of the steps leading up to the time the interview begins. You must know the company name, where it is located, and the interview time. Plan to arrive at least 15 minutes early. This will allow you to relax and make any last minute adjustments. If possible, make a trip to the interview location the day before to see exactly how long it takes to get there. There is no excuse for being late to an interview. Know the name of the person interviewing you so that you can ask for him or her by name when you arrive. Call the company and get the correct spelling and pronunciation. Know and understand the position you are applying for. Get as much information as you can. Call or visit the company. Get a written description if possible. Have all of your documentation ready. Have your Social Security card, birth certificate, drivers license and any diplomas, certifications, awards or letters of recommendation. Get a professional looking portfolio with a notepad to carry your documents and resume copies. Always carry two pens just in case one fails to work. Have at least 5 copies of your resume. You may be interviewed by more than one person. Have a copy of your personal data sheet. You may have to complete an application. Have a list of relevant questions to ask the interviewer. Type them up so they are easy to read. Have the company information on hand. Have a typed list of your references in case the interviewer asks for them. Study your resume personal data sheet. Many of your interview questions will be related to either the resume or the application. Know your skills. Be sure that your clothes are neat, clean and in good condition. Dont forget the shoes. They should be clean and shined. Do yourself a favor. Dont wait until the last minute to get everything ready. Have everything you need the night before the interview. Use the Pre-Interview Checklist on the next page to help you. Make copies, and use one for every interview you have.

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PRE-INTERVIEW CHECKLIST
The company I am interviewing with is: The address is: The interview time is: It will take me hrs. and

DATE:

mins. to get there.

The person I am interviewing with is: The position I am applying for is: I have all of my documents (S.S., birth certificate, drivers license, diplomas, certifications, awards, letters of recommendation) I have my portfolio I have two pens I have 5 copies of my resume I have a copy of my personal data sheet. I have my personal business cards I know the questions I will ask the interviewer I have researched the company I have a list of my references I know my resume inside and out I know my skills I have practiced interviewing My clothes are neat and pressed. My shoes are shined. Get a good night sleep the night before. Get up earlier than you normally do so you can relax and mentally prepare.

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THE INTERVIEW
This is the day when all of your hard work pays off. For many people interviewing is stressful. It doesnt have to be. The interview is the time to show just how professional you are and that you are the right person for the job. Arrive at least 15 minutes early Arriving early gives you the opportunity for some last minute preparation. Go to the restroom and wash your hands and face. Make sure you look your best. Turn off your cell phone! Your interview begins before you walk into the door. Are you excited to be there? You should be. Greet everyone you meet with a bright smile and a friendly greeting. Pretend that everyone there has the power to hire you. Offer your name first, and tell who you are meeting. With your biggest smile, you may say something like this: Good morning, my name is Kelly Baker. I have a 10 oclock meeting with Mr. Diggets. When meeting the interviewer, offer your name and wait for him to offer his hand. When he does, firmly shake his hand and greet him like this: Good morning/afternoon Mr. Diggets, I am Kelly Baker. It is a pleasure to meet you! Enthusiasm is contagious. If you want him to be excited about you, you be excited about meeting him first. When you get to the interview area, always wait until the interviewer asks you to be seated. If he doesnt offer, politely ask May I sit? Never touch the interviewers desk or put anything on it. Make yourself comfortable and get your portfolio ready.

Get the interviewer on your side early by letting him know that you are nervous. You may say something like this: Im sorry Mr. Diggets, I am a little nervous. This job is very important to me. I guarantee he will be sympathetic and do his best to make you feel more comfortable. Once the actual interview begins, listen carefully to the questions that are being asked. If you do not understand a question, ask the interviewer to repeat it. Listening is a skill that requires practice. Always allow the interviewer to ask the entire question before you attempt to answer. To be sure he is finished, pause a second before you answer. If you have prepared properly and rehearsed, you should appear confident and poised. This will give you an edge over the competition. Be sure to maintain a high energy level throughout the interview. Make all of your answers short and to the point.

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Speak at a rate slightly slower than normal with a lower tone. TV and radio announcers do this to sound more confident. Try practicing this first in your interview rehearsals. Toward the end of the interview, after you have asked the interviewer questions, ask for the job. This will let the interviewer know that you are serious about the job. You may say something like this: Mr. Diggets, I really want this job. What else do I need to get on board here? We usually get what we ask for. You may also get a feel for your chances by asking this question: Mr. Diggets, I really want this job. Do you have any idea when you will be making a decision? This question will give you some idea about your chances. If he gives a date thats far away, you probably didnt make a very good impression. If he gives a relatively close date, you may be getting serious consideration and also a date for your follow-up. Always ask for a business card. It will have all of the interviewers contact information that will help you do a professional follow up. Business cards will also help in future networking. At the end of the interview, give the same warm smile and firm handshake you gave at the beginning. Thank the interviewer for his time and that you hope to be hearing from him. FOLLOWING UP AFTER AN INTERVIEW If the interviewer gave you an idea of when a decision would be made, be sure to put the date on your job search log and calendar so you can call on or around that date. If you are not contacted within the time specified or if no reply is mentioned, call your interviewer after two or three days to find out if the job was filled. Show your interest in the position you have just interviewed for in a professional way. Send a Thank-you letter. Sending a letter will allow you to mention anything you forgot in the interview, show that you are interested and ask for the job professionally. You would definitely stand out from the crowd with a nicely written thank you letter. Set it up the same way as your other business letters with the opening paragraph used to express your appreciation for the interview. The second paragraph reinforces your understanding of the positions requirements. The third paragraph expresses your interest in the position and the company. Use the sample letter on the next page as a guide for your thank you letters. Be sure to have someone proofread your letter before you mail it.

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Sample Thank You Letter

Kelly J. Baker 321 North Drive Arlington, VA 22210 (703) 555-1000

July 30, 2005 Mr. Frederick J. Diggets General Manager XYZ Company 505 Kravitz Ave. Arlington, VA 22210

Dear Mr. Diggets: Thank you so much for taking time out of your busy schedule to meet with me regarding the position of ________________. It was a pleasure meeting you. In addition to my qualifications and experience, I will bring excellent work habits to this position. I am sure that you require people who can be trusted to carry out their responsibilities with minimal supervision. Once again, thank you for the opportunity to interview for a position with your company. If you request any additional information, please do not hesitate to contact me. Thank you for your time and consideration, and I look forward to hearing from you. Sincerely,

Kelly J. Baker
Kelly J. Baker

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The formal follow-up letter on the previous page is an excellent example of a thank-you letter you may send to a larger company. For a smaller company you can be a little more personal. Buy a box of thank you cards and send a personal message of thanks. Thank you cards are inexpensive and the interviewers will remember them. RATE YOUR PERFORMANCE Congratulations! You have just had an interview and you are still alive! How well did you do? Did you follow the game plan? Did you do everything that you practiced? Probably not. The good news is you know where your mistakes were. Interviewing is an art that is learned by experience. The more interviews you have, the better you will get. Every time you interview, you will make fewer and fewer mistakes. Lets get ready for your next interview by evaluating your performance. The Post-Interview checklist on the following page will help you with your trouble spots. Make copies and use one after every interview. In each category, place a check in the column that bests describes how well you did.

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Post-Interview Checklist
Needs Improvement Acceptable Excellent

I arrived 15 minutes early I was professionally dressed and well groomed. I was courteous and greeted everyone with a smile. I introduced myself and my handshake was firm. All of my documents and materials were organized. I waited until I was asked to be seated. I listened carefully when the interviewer spoke. I was enthusiastic and positive. I responded clearly, honestly and completely to all questions. I knew my skills and expressed them well. I used proper diction and grammar with no slang. I maintained appropriate eye contact. I used my best posture and body language. I was friendly and smiled often. I asked questions and listened closely to the responses. I asked for a business card. I asked when a decision would be made. I ended the interview with a firm handshake and a smile. I thanked the interviewer for his time.

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INTERVIEW KILLERS
After all of your hard work and preparation dont sabotage your interview. Here is a list of killers that are guaranteed to ruin any interview. Being Late Being late for any reason will ruin your interview. In the interviewers mind, if you are late for the interview, you will be late for work regularly. Dressing Inappropriately Your interview is a business meeting. Dress like you are there to make the deal of your life. Make sure everything is perfect. Talking Too Much Nothing is more annoying than someone that talks too much. Keep in mind that interviewers are usually department heads that have schedules to keep. Keep your answer brief and to the point. Revealing Too Much Personal Information The interview is not the place to tell your life story. or talk about mistakes you have made in the past. Never talk about personal situations, habits, or relationships. Be friendly but never tell more than anyone needs to know. Especially stay away from discussions relating to religion, politics, or sex. If the interviewer brings these subjects up, smile and politely wait for the next question. Never Use Slang, Or Profanity Once again, the interview is a business meeting. There is no place for it here. Smelling Like Smoke Many employers shy away from hiring smokers. Smokers require more breaks than nonsmokers. Smokers have more health problems than non-smokers. If you do smoke, do not smoke before your interview. If you have alcohol on your breath, forget it! Wearing Buttons, Or Pins That Relate To Religious, Fraternal or Political Organizations You never want to reveal anything that relates to your personal affiliations. You never want to take a chance on the interviewers having an opposing opinion from any group.

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STAYING POSITIVE
The job search is not an exact science. You could do everything right and still not get the job. You may not get the first few jobs that you interview for. Dont take it personal. Not always is the best person hired. Use every experience as an opportunity to learn. You are playing a numbers game. To play the game right, you must get as many interviews as possible. The more interviews you get the better are your chances. Put in your eight hours per day and your hard work will pay off in a big way. If you miss out on a job, go back and think of all the things you can do to improve. Its only failure when you give up. Most of the greatest achievers in history failed more often than anyone else. They refused to let their own failure or negative comments from others defeat them. They continued to modify their strategies until they found what worked. Every time you fail, you will successfully identify what does not work. Keep these thoughts in mind:

"Many of life's failures are people who did not realize how close they were to success when they gave up." - Thomas Alva Edison
Thomas Edison the greatest inventor in American history was responsible for the phonograph, and the movie camera failed more than 5,000 times while inventing the electric light bulb. Babe Ruth struck out 1330 times in route to the Hall of Fame. Elvis Presley was banished from the Grand Ole Opry after only one performance and told, You aint going nowhere son. Oprah Winfrey was fired from her job as a TV reporter and was told, Youre not fit for TV. Walt Disneys first cartoon production company went bankrupt. Abraham Lincoln lost eight elections, failed at two businesses, and had a nervous breakdown before becoming our 16th President. Henry Ford failed and went broke five times before he succeeded. Michael Jordan was cut as a sophomore from his high school basketball team.

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SURVIVING ON YOUR NEW JOB

Congratulations on your new job. In order for you to be successful and make your new job payoff you must understand the rules. You can keep your job as long as you want to by following these simple rules. Always be on time! The number one reason for job loss is being late. To me, on time is 15 minutes early. Plan on getting to work at least 15 minutes early everyday. If you have children, be sure to have reliable childcare and a back-up plan. Always be prepared. Always have everything you need before your shift begins. You should be at your work station, ready to work when your shift begins. If your shift starts at 9:00, you should be ready at 9:00 not walking through the door. Always do what you are asked to do no matter what it is. If you do not agree with what you are asked to do, the rule is, Comply then complain! That means do it then give the reasons why you believe you should not have done it. Youll keep your job that way. Understand all company policies especially those regarding attendance, breaks, and smoking. Understand what you are being paid to do and work hard to be excellent at it. Make an effort to meet all of your new co-workers. Offer your name first. Be polite and friendly to everyone. Dont be afraid to ask for help. You cant be expected to know everything. Dont worry about looking foolish. Just the opposite will happen. Youll learn to do something properly and you will make new friends. Most people are flattered when you ask for their help. Never gossip or listen to gossip. There is nothing to gain and it can only cause trouble. Mind your own business. Find out who the local troublemaker is and stay away from him. Hes not hard to find. Hes the guy that is always complaining and never has anything positive to say about anyone or anything. Keep outside problems outside. If you are having problems at home or elsewhere dont let them affect your job. This may be difficult, but remember, it took a lot to get here.

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HOW TO GET A PROMOTION

Its not enough to just get a job and sit back. Now is the time to think about your future and how can you get ahead. Promotions and raises dont just happen. They are the result of hard work and a Get Promoted plan. Here are ten steps to get you started on your way to the top. Have a Friendly & Positive Attitude Have a friendly and positive attitude with everyone you come in contact with. If no one knows your name, they will refer to you as that nice guy and that is a wonderful thing! Keep your feelings in your pocket. We all get annoyed. Keep it to yourself. Never let anyone know what is bothering you. Never ever say anything negative about anyone or anything. Master Your Job Do whatever it takes to be the absolute expert at your job. Most people never put out enough effort to be excellent. That alone will give you the edge over your co-workers. Arrive Early and Stay Late Most people arrive about the same time and stampede out like a herd of cattle at quitting time. Separate yourself from the herd by arriving 15 minutes early and staying 15 minutes later. Your boss will notice that you are not one of the clock watchers. Be Reliable As a manager, the one thing that always impressed me is the person whose favorite phrase was No problem. That was the one person I could always count on in any situation to get the job done. Learn New Skills Dont get stuck just knowing your own job. After you have mastered every aspect of your job, learn a little about another job. Never be afraid to learn something new. Take advantage of all available training. Get a head start on your next opportunity.

Learn new skills from your co-workers. When you finish your work, find a coworker that is doing something that you dont know how to do. Go to him and say, Im finished my work. If you show me how, I could give you a hand. The worst thing that would happen is that you will learn something new that you will always have.

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Act Professionally at all Times Earn a reputation for being professional by acting and dressing the part at all times. Dress for the next job you want. If you are unsure about how to do that, dress like your boss dresses. Also hold yourself to a higher standard in your behavior. Take on More Responsibility Always look for ways to increase your value to the company. The best way to do this is by always doing more than you are paid to do. Most people run away from extra work. Ask for it! Anyone who will tell you not to do more has never been promoted. Stay Away from Gossip and Negative People People that gossip and complain are going nowhere so do not be guilty by association. Associate with the people who get praise for their work and copy them. Be a Team Player Always look for an opportunity to help someone else. Being a Team Player will only add to your reputation and your value to the company. Find a Mentor If possible, find someone in a higher position and find out as much as you can about how he got there. I guarantee because you have shown an interest in him, he will show interest in your success. Be patient. Most people dont stay with one company long enough to get promoted. Follow these tips and you wont need to ask for a promotion or extra money. They will come to you. Even if there is no room for advancement at your current company, stick to your own standards and your rewards will come.

GOOD LUCK! If you like the book and it has helped you in any way, send us a note or an email. Believe Publications P.O. Box 1671 Pleasantville, NJ 08232 BelievePublications@comcast.net

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Order additional copies of this book by completing the order form with payment and sending it to the address below

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Order additional copies of this book by completing the order form with payment and sending it to the address below

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