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Density: Mass per unit volume of aggregate is called density of aggregate. The density and the specific gravity of an aggregate particle is dependent upon the density and specific gravity of the minerals making up the particle and upon the porosity of the particle. These may be defined as follows: 1) All of the pore space (bulk density or specific gravity) 2) Some of the pore space (effective density or specific gravity) 3) None of the pore space (apparent density or specific gravity) Specific Gravity: Ratio of density of aggregate to the density of water is called specific gravity of aggregate. The specific gravity of aggregate depends on the specific gravity of minerals of which the aggregate is composed and also on the amount of voids. The majority of natural aggregate have a specific gravity between 2.6 to 2.7. Qualities of Good Sand: There are following qualities of good sand. 1) Good sand should have coarse and angular grains of pure silica. 2) The grain of sand should be hard, strong and durable. 3) It should be free from silt, clay or any such salts that may hamper setting or attacking the reinforcement. 4) It should not contain any organic matter. 5) It should be well graded i.e. Should contain in suitable proportions particles of various sizes. 6) It should not contain any hygroscopic matter.