hys|ca| Assessment

hys|ca| Assessment

Ieature Norma| I|nd|ngs Actua| I|nd|ngs Interpretat|on
I GkCSS GLNLkAL SUkVL
PelghL roporLlonaLe varles wlLh
llfesLyle
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg p
### normal

WelghL roporLlonaLe varles wlLh
llfesLyle
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg p
8M 18 kg/m

8 kg (180 lbs)

8M 30 kg/ m


Abnormal
nLerpreLaLlon CllenL ls
obese
osLure/ CalL 8elaxed erecL posLure
coordlnaLed movemenL
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg p
n/A for Lhe paLlenL slnce
she ls lylng on bed

ersonal hyglene Croomlng neaL and clean no
body odor no breaLhe odor
no dandruff nalls cuL shorL
and clean
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg p
Looks neaL and clean
buL wlLh mlld body odor
no breaLhe odor noLed
no dandruff nalls were
long and unclean
Abnormal
Slgn of healLh or lllness PealLhy appearance
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg p
unhealLhy appearance Abnormal
Slgns of dlsLress ln posLure and faclal expresslon no dlsLress noLed
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg p
Shows some dlsLress
due Lo complalnL of
headache
Abnormal
ALLlLude CooperaLlve able Lo follow
lnsLrucLlons
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg p
1he cllenL ls cooperaLlve
and able Lo follow
lnsLrucLlons
normal
LlsLen for relevance and organlzaLlon of LhoughLs Loglcal sequence makes
sense has sense of reallLy
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg p
1he cllenL has a loglcal
sequence of LhoughLs
and makes sense
normal
II nSICLCGIC CULS
1emperaLure Axlllary#s
363 degrees celclus
361 degree celclus normal
ulse varlaLlon ln pulse by Age
AdulL 60100 bpm
6 bpm regular normal
8esplraLory 8aLe varlaLlon ln 8esplraLlon by
Age
AdulL 10 cpm
1 cpm normal
III hys|ca| Lxam|nat|on
Sk|n Integumentary System
Skln color Cenerally unlform excepL ln
areas exposed Lo Lhe sun
areas of llghLer plgmenLaLlon
ln darksklnned people
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg by kozler p
unlform skln color normal
resence of edema no edema
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg by kozler p
no edema found normal
Leslons accdg 1o locaLlon
dlsLrlbuLloncolorconflguraLlonslzeshapeLype or
sLrucLure
lreckles some blrLhmarks
some flaL and ralsed nevl no
abraslon or oLher leslons
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg by kozler p
no leslons normal
Skln molsLure MolsLure ln skln folds and
axlllae
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
ury skln folds

abnormal
nsg by kozler p
Skln LemperaLure unlform wlLhln Lhe normal
range
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg by kozler p
1he skln LemperaLure ls
unlform and wlLh
normal range 8oLh feeL
and hands are unlform
normal
Skln Lugor When plnched skln sprlngs
back Lo prevlous sLaLe
maybe slower ln elders
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg by kozler p 80
When plnched Lhe skln
reLurns Lo lLs orlglnal buL
slower Lhan usual


normal
Na||s
llngernall plaLe shape curvaLure and angle

Convex curvaLureangle of
160
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg by kozler p 83

1he shape ls convex
curvaLure and angle ls
160


normal
llngernall Loenall LexLure SmooLh LexLure
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg by kozler p 83
llngernall Loenalls has
smooLh LexLure
normal
llngernall Loenall bed color Plghly vascular and plnk ln
llghLsklnned cllenLs dark
sklnned cllenLs may have
brown or black plgmenLaLlon
ln longlLudlnal sLreaks
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg by kozler p 84
CllenL has pale nalls Abnormal
1lssues surroundlng nalls nLacL epldermls
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg by kozler p 84
nLacL epldermls normal
8lanch LesL of caplllary reflll rompL reLurn of plnk or
usual color (generally less
Lhan 4 seconds)
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg by kozler p 84
Crlglnal color reLurn
afLer seconds
abnormal
SkULL nLAD
1he skull slze shape or symmeLry 8ounded (symmeLrlc wlLh
fronLal parleLal and occlplLal
promlnences) smooLh skull
CllenL#s head ls rounded
(symmeLrlc wlLh fronLal
parleLal and occlplLal
normal
conLour
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg by kozler p 8
promlnences) skull has
smooLh conLour
nodes masses and depresslons Absence of nodes or masses
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg by kozler p 8
no nodules or masses normal
SCAL
Color and appearance WhlLer Lhan Lhe skln Lone
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg p 8
CllenL#s scalp ls llghLer
Lhan hls faclal skln
normal
Areas of Lenderness no Lenderness found non Lender normal
nAIk
Lvenness of growLh Lhlckness or Lhlnness Lvenly dlsLrlbuLed halr 1hlck
halr
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg p 8
1hln halr evenly
dlsLrlbuLed halr
normal
1exLure and olllness Sllky and reslllenL halr
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg p 8
noL sllky and noL
reslllenL
abnormal

IACL
laclal feaLures symmeLry of faclal movemenLs SymmeLrlc or sllghLly
asymmeLrlc faclal feaLures
palpebral flssures equal ln
slze symmeLrlc nasolablal
folds symmeLrlc faclal
movemenLs
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg p 8
laclal feaLures are
symmeLrlc palpebral
flssures equal ln slze
symmeLrlc nasolablal
folds faclal movemenLs
are symmeLrlc

normal

LLS
V|sua| Acu|ty
1esL near vlslon Able Lo read newsprlnL
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg p
Able Lo read newsprlnL normal
1esL far vlslon 0/0 vlslon on SnellenLype
charL
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg p
1he cllenL ls able Lo
read she has 0/100
vlslon ln hls boLh eyes
abnormal
Lyesbrows
Palr dlsLrlbuLlon allgnmenL skln quallLy and
movemenL
Palr evenly dlsLrlbuLed skln
lnLacL
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg p 88
CllenL#s halr ls evenly
dlsLrlbuLed and lnLacL Lo
Lhe skln
normal
Lacr|ma| g|and Lacr|ma| ducts and Naso|acr|ma|





nserL and palpaLe lacrlmal gland no edema or Lenderness
over lacrlmal gland no
Learlng
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg p 8
1here ls no edema or
Lenderness over lacrlmal
gland no Learlng
normal
Lye|ashes
Palr dlsLrlbuLlon and dlrecLlon of curl Lqually dlsLrlbuLed curled
sllghLly ouLward
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg p 88
Lqually dlsLrlbuLed
curled sllghLly ouLward
normal
Lye||ds
Surface characLerlsLlcs poslLlon ln relaLlon Lo Lhe
cornea ablllLy Lo bllnk and frequency of bllnklng
Skln lnLacL no dlscharge no
dlscoloraLlon
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg p 888
Skln lnLacL no dlscharge
no dlscoloraLlon
normal
Con[unct|va
8ulbar con[uncLlva for color LexLure and presence
of leslons
1ransparenL caplllarles
someLlmes evldenL sclera
whlLe no leslon smooLh
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg p 88
no leslon LransparenL
smooLh
normal
alpebral con[uncLlva for color LexLure and
presence of leslon
Shlny smooLh and plnk or
red
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg p 8
Shlny smooLh and red ln
color
normal

Sc|era
Color and clarlLy WhlLe and vlslble caplllary
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg p 88
vlslble caplllary and
whlLe
normal
Cornea
ClarlLy and LexLure 1ransparenL shlny and
smooLh and deLall of Lhe
vlslble lrls
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg p 8
1ransparenL shlny and
smooLh
normal
Corneal reflex 8llnks when Lhe cornea ls
Louched
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg p 8
CllenL bllnks when Lhe
cornea was Louched
normal
Ir|s
Shape and color llaL round shape and dark
brown
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg p 0
rls ls flaL round dark
brown and proporLlonal
Lo Lhe slze of cllenL#s
eyes
normal
up||s
Color shape and symmeLry of slze 8lack ln color equal ln slze
normally 3 Lo mm ln
dlameLer round smooLh
border lrls flaL
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg p 0
8lack ln color equal ln
slze 4 mm ln dlameLer
round smooLh border
and lrls flaL
normal
1esL for accommodaLlon and convergence upll consLrlcL when looklng
near ob[ecL puplls dllaLe
when looklng aL far ob[ecL
puplls converge when near
ob[ecL ls moved Loward
nose
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg p 0
1he cllenL#s pupll
consLrlcL when looklng
near ob[ecL puplls dllaLe
when looklng aL far
ob[ecL puplls converge
when near ob[ecL ls
moved Loward nose

normal
Lxtraocu|ar musc|es
1esL each eye for allgnmenL and coordlnaLlon 8oLh eyes coordlnaLed
move ln unlson wlLh parallel
allgnmenL
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg p
8oLh eyes are
coordlnaLed move ln
unlson wlLh parallel
allgnmenL

normal
LAkS
Aur|c|es
Color symmeLry and poslLlon
Color same as faclal skln
symmeLrlcal aurlcle allgned
wlLh ouLer canLhus of eyes
abouL 10 from verLlcal
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg p 6
Color same as faclal skln
symmeLrlcal aurlcle
allgned wlLh ouLer
canLhus of eyes abouL
10 from verLlcal

normal
1exLure elasLlclLy and areas for Lenderness Moblle flrm noL Lender
plnna recolls afLer lL ls fold
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg p 6
Moblle flrm noL Lender
plnna recolls afLer lL was
fold
normal
Lxterna| ear cana|
Lar canal for cerumen skln leslons pus and blood ury cerumen graylshLan
color or sLlcky weL cerumen
ln varlous shades of brown
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg p 6
ulsLal Lhlrd conLalns halr
folllcles and glands and
Lhe exLernal ear canals
has cerumen

normal
near|ng acu|ty test
8esponse Lo Lhe normal volce normal volce Lones audlble
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg p
CllenL verballzed LhaL
she can hear clearly
whaL Lhe healLh care
provlder says
normal
Nose
Any devlaLlon ln shape slze or color and flarlng or
dlscharge from nares
SymmeLrlc and sLralghL no
dlscharge or flarlng unlform
color
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg p 600
1he cllenL#s nose ls
symmeLrlc and sLralghL
no dlscharge or flarlng
unlform Lo Lhe color of
Lhe face

normal
nasal cavlLles for presence of redness swelllng
growLhs and dlscharge
Mucosa plnk clear waLery
dlscharge no leslons
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
Mucosa ls plnk And no
waLery dlscharge and
leslons
normal
nsg p 600
nasal sepLum beLween nasal chambers nasal sepLum lnLacL and ln
mldllne
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg p 600
nasal sepLum lnLacL and
ln mldllne
normal
aLency of nasal cavlLles Alr moves freely as Lhe cllenL
breaLhes Lhrough Lhe nares
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg p 600
Alr moves freely as Lhe
cllenL breaLhes Lhrough
Lhe nares

normal
laclal slnuses
fronLal slnuses
eLhmold slnuses
sphenold slnus
maxlllary slnus

no Lender
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg p 600
no Lenderness noLed
upon palpaLlon
normal
,outh
L|ps
SymmeLrlc of conLour color and LexLure
unlform plnk color sofL
molsL smooLh symmeLry of
conLour
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg p 60
CllenL#s llps pale ln color
dry noL smooLh
symmeLry of conLour

Abnormal
8ucca| mucosa
Color LexLure molsLure and
presence of leslon
AblllLy Lo purse llps smooLh
molsL and no leslon
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg p60
AblllLy Lo purse llps
smooLh dry and no
leslon

Abnormal
1eeth
Color number and condlLlon and presence of
denLures
3 adulL LeeLh smooLh
whlLe shlny LooLh enamel
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg p 60
CllenL has 3 LeeLh buL
false LeeLh smooLh llghL
yellow shlny enamel
Abnormal
Gums
Color and condlLlon lnk gums molsL flrm
LexLure Lo gums no
reLracLlon of gums
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg p 60
lnklsh gums flrm
LexLure Lo gums no
reLracLlon of gums
normal
1ongue]f|oor of the mouth
Color and LexLure of Lhe mouLh floor and frenulum SmooLh Longue base wlLh
promlnenL velns plnklsh
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg p 603
SmooLh Longue base
wlLh promlnenL velns
plnklsh


normal
oslLlon color and LexLure movemenL and base of
Lhe Longue
CenLer poslLlon plnk color
molsL sllghLly rough Lhln
whlLlsh coaLlng smooLh
laLeral marglns no leslons
moves freely
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg p 603
1he cllenL#s Longue ls
plnk ln color sllghLly
rough and dry
oslLloned ln cenLer
And Lhe Longue can
freely move
abnormal
nodules lumps excorlaLed areas no palpable nodules
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg p 604
no palpable nodules
noLed
normal
a|ates and Uvu|a
Color shape LexLure and Lhe presence of bony
promlnences
LlghL plnk smooLh sofL
palaLe
LlghLer plnk hard palaLe
more lrregular LexLure
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg p 604
Pard palaLe LlghLer plnk
and more lrregular
LexLure
SofL palaLe LlghL plnk
smooLh
normal
oslLlon of uvula and moblllLy whlle examlnlng Lhe
palaLes
oslLloned ln mldllne of sofL
palaLe
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg p 604
uvula ls poslLloned ln
mldllne of sofL palaLes
normal
Cropharynx and tons||s
Color LexLure lnk and smooLh posLerlor
wall
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg p 604
Cropharynx ls plnk ln
color and has a smooLh
posLerlor wall
normal
Slze of Lhe Lonsll dlscharge color lnklsh no dlscharge
normal slze or noL vlslble
Crade 1 Lhe Lonslls are
behlnd Lhe Lonslllar plllar
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg p 604

lnk and smooLh no
dlscharge Crade 1
Lonslls


normal
Neck and Lymph nodes
Lymph nodes
denLlfy lymph nodes and Lenderness
posLaurlcular
preaurlcular
sLernocleldomasLold muscle
submandlbular
submenLal
superflclal anLerlor cervlcal
posLerlor cervlcal
lnferlor anLerlor cervlcal
Lrapezlus muscle
supraclavlcular
no Lenderness muscles
equal slze head cenLered
coordlnaLed smooLh
movemenLs wlLh no
dlscomforL
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg p 606
1here ls no Lenderness
muscles equal slze head
cenLered coordlnaLed
smooLh movemenLs
wlLh no dlscomforL

normal
1rachea
nspecL and palpaLe for placemenL

CenLral placemenL ln mldllne
of neck spaces are equal on
boLh sldes
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg p 608
1he placemenL of Lhe
Lrachea ls ln Lhe mldllne
of Lhe neck and Lhe
spaces on boLh sldes are
equal
normal
1hyro|d G|and
SymmeLrlc and vlslble masses noL vlslble on lnspecLlon
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg p 608
uurlng swallowlng
gland ascends buL noL
vlslble
normal
SmooLhness and areas of enlargemenL of masses
or nodules
Lobes may noL be palpaLed
lf palpaLed lobes are small
smooLh cenLrally locaLed
palnless and rlse freely wlLh
swallowlng
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg p 60
SmooLhness and
nodules are noL
palpable
normal
1nCkAk AND LUNGS
oster|or 1horax
Shape and symmeLry of Lhe Lhorax from posLerlor
and laLeral vlews
AnLeroposLerlor Lo
Lransverse dlameLer ln raLlo
of 1 ChesL symmeLrlc 8
Lh

ed lundamenLals of nsg p
614
AnLeroposLerlor Lo
Lransverse dlameLer ln
raLlo of 1 ChesL
symmeLrlc
normal
Splnal allgnmenL for deformlLles verLlcally allgned
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg p614
verLlcally allgned normal
8esplraLory excurslon lull and symmeLrlc chesL
expanslon (le when Lhe
cllenL Lakes a deep breaLh
your Lhumbs should move
aparL an equal dlsLance and
aL Lhe same Llme normally
Lhe Lhumbs separaLe 3 Lo
cm 1 Z Lo ln durlng deep
lnsplraLlon) 8
Lh
ed
lundamenLals of nsg p61
uurlng deep lnsplraLlon
Lhumbs separaLe 3cm
normal
vocal fremlLus 8llaLeral symmeLry of vocal
fremlLus lremlLus ls heard
mosL clearly aL Lhe apex of
Lhe lungs 8
Lh
ed
lundamenLals of nsg p61
1he cllenL has low plLch
volce And Lhe fremlLus
ls mosL clearly aL Lhe
apex of Lhe lungs
8llaLeral symmeLry
normal
ercuss Lhe Lhorax ercusslon noLes resonaLe
excepL over scapula LowesL
polnL of resonance ls aL Lhe
dlaphragm (le aL Lhe level
of Lhe elghL Lo LenLh rlb
posLerlorly) noLe ersusslon
on a rlb normally ellclLs
dullness 8
Lh
ed
lundamenLals of nsg p 61
8esonaLe excepL over
Lhe level of dlaphragm
buL are flaL over areas of
heavy muscle and bone
dull on areas over
sLomach
normal
AusculLaLe Lhe Lhorax veslcular and
bronchoveslcular breaLh
sounds 8
Lh
ed
veslcular and
bronchoveslcular breaLh
sounds

lundamenLals of nsg p 616
Anter|or 1horax
8reaLhlng paLLerns CuleL rhyLhmlc and
efforLless resplraLlons 8
Lh

ed lundamenLals of nsg
p61
1he cllenL has quleL
rhyLhmlc and efforLless
resplraLlons
normal
alpaLe Lhe anLerlor chesL lull symmeLrlc excurslon
Lhumbs normally separaLe 3
cm (1 Z Lo ln) 8
Lh
ed
lundamenLals of nsg p61
uurlng deep lnsplraLlon
Lhumbs separaLe 3 cm
normal
alpaLe LacLlle fremlLus Same as Lhe posLerlor vocal
fremlLus ls normally
decreased over hearL and
breasL Llssue 8
Lh
ed
lundamenLals of nsg p61
lremlLus ls decreased
over hearL and breasL
Llssue
normal
ercuss Lhe anLerlor chesL symmeLrlcally ercusslon noLes resonance
down Lo Lhe slxLh rlb aL Lhe
level of Lhe dlaphragm buL
are flaL over areas of heavy
muscle and bone dull on
areas over Lhe hearL and Lhe
llver and Lympanlc over Lhe
underlylng sLomach
8esonance down Lo Lhe
slxLh rlb aL Lhe level of
Lhe dlaphragm buL are
flaL over areas of heavy
muscle and bone dull
on areas over Lhe hearL
and Lhe llver and
Lympanlc over Lhe
underlylng sLomach
normal
AusculLaLe Lhe Lrachea 8ronchlal and Lubular breaLh
sounds 8
Lh
ed
lundamenLals of nsg p 618
8ronchlal and Lubular
breaLh sounds
normal
AusculLaLe Lhe anLerlor chesL 8ronchoveslcular and
veslcular breaLh sounds 8
Lh

ed lundamenLals of nsg
p618
8ronchoveslcular and
veslcular breaLh sounds
normal
nLAk1 AND CLN1kAL VLSSLLS
AorLlc and pulmonlc areas no pulsaLlons 8
Lh
ed
lundamenLals of nsg p61
no pulsaLlons normal
1rlcuspld area no pulsaLlons no llfL or
heave 8
Lh
ed lundamenLals
of nsg p6
no pulsaLlons no llfL or
heave
normal
Aplcal area ulsaLlons vlslble ln 0 of
adulLs and palpable ln mosL
M ln flfLh LCS aL or medlal
Lo MCL ulameLer of 1 Lo
cm (1/3 Lo Z ln) no llfL or no
heave 8
Lh
ed lundamenLals
of nsg p 6
ulsaLlon ls vlslble and
palpable
normal
AusculLaLe Lhe hearL ln all four anaLomlc slLes
aorLlc pulmonlcLrlcuspld and aplcal(mlLral)
S1 usually heard aL all slLes
usually louder aL aplcal area
S usually heard aL all slLes
usually louder aL base of Lhe
hearL
SysLole sllenL lnLerval
sllghLly shorLer duraLlon
Lhan dlasLole aL normal
hearL raLe (600 beaLs/mln)
ulasLole sllenL lnLerval
sllghLly longer duraLlon Lhan
sysLole aL normal hearL raLes
S3 ln chlldren and young
adulLs
S4 ln many older adulLs 8
Lh

ed lundamenLals of nsg
p6
S1 heard aL all slLes
louder aL aplcal area
S heard aL all slLes
louder aL base of Lhe
hearL

normal
CaroLld arLerLles SymmeLrlc pulse volumes
lull pulsaLlons LhrusLlng
quallLy CuallLy remalns
same when cllenL breaLhes
Lurns head and changes
from slLLlng Lo suplne
poslLlon LlasLlc arLerlal wall
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of
nsg p6
SymmeLrlc pulse
volumes lull pulsaLlons
LhrusLlng quallLy LlasLlc
arLery wall
normal
Auscu|tate the carot|d artery no sound heard on
ausculLaLlon 8
Lh
ed
lundamenLals of nsg p63
no sound heard on
ausculLaLlon
normal
Iugu|ar ve|ns velns noL vlslble (lndlcaLlng velns noL vlslble normal
rlghL slde of hearL ls
funcLlonlng normally) 8
Lh
ed
lundamenLals of nsg p 63
A8DC,LN
Skln lnLegrlLy unblemlshed skln unlform
color sllverwhlLe sLrlae
(sLreLch marks) or surglcal
scars 8
Lh
ed lundamenLals
of nsg p 633
1he color ls llghL Lo
medlum brown and lL ls
unlform unblemlshed
skln
normal
ConLour and symmeLry llaL rounded (convex) or
scaphold (concave) 8
Lh
ed
lundamenLals of nsg p633
1he abdomen ls flaL and
rounded and has a
symmeLrlc conLour
normal
Abdomlnal movemenLs SymmeLrlc movemenL
caused by resplraLlon vlslble
perlsLalsls ln very lean
people AorLlc pulsaLlons ln
Lhln persons aL eplgasLrlc
reglon 8
Lh
ed
lundamenLals of nsg p633
SymmeLrlc movemenLs normal
AusculLaLe Lhe abdomen Audlble bowel sounds
Absence of arLerlal brulLs
Absence of frlcLlon rub 8
Lh

ed lundamenLals of nsg
p634
Audlble bowel sounds
Absence of arLerlal
brulLs and frlcLlon rub
normal
ercuss Lhe abdomen 1ympany over Lhe sLomach
and gasfllled bowels
dullness especlally over Lhe
llver and spleen or a full
bladder 8
Lh
ed
lundamenLals of nsg p63
1ympany ls heard over
Lhe sLomach and gas
fllled bowels dullness
especlally over Lhe llver
and spleen or a full
bladder
normal
alpaLe Lhe abdomen no Lenderness relaxed
abdomen wlLh smooLh
conslsLenL Lenslon 8
Lh
ed
lundamenLals of nsg p636
no Lenderness relaxed
abdomen wlLh smooLh
conslsLenL Lenslon
normal
,USCULCSkLLL1AL SS1L,





Slze Lqual slze ln boLh sldes of
Lhe body 8
Lh
ed
lundamenLals of nsg p 640
Muscle ls equal slze ln
boLh sldes of Lhe body
normal
ConLracLures no conLracLures 8
Lh
ed
lundamenLals of nsg p640
no conLracLures normal
1remors no Lremors 8
Lh
ed
lundamenLals of nsg p640
no Lremors normal
Muscle LonlclLy normally flrm 8
Lh
ed
lundamenLals of nsg p 640
Muscle ls flrm normal
Muscle sLrengLh Lqual muscle sLrengLh on
each body slde 8
Lh
ed
lundamenLals of nsg p 640
Muscle sLrengLh ls equal
on each body slde
normal
8ones
SLrucLure no deformlLles 8
Lh
ed
lundamenLals of nsg p 641
no deformlLles normal
1enderness no Lenderness or swelllng
8
Lh
ed lundamenLals of nsg
p 641
no Lenderness or
swelllng
normal
Io|nts
1enderness smooLhness of movemenL swelllng
creplLaLlon and presence of nodules
no swelllng no Lenderness
swelllng creplLaLlon or
nodules !olnLs move
smooLhly 8
Lh
ed
lundamenLals of nsg p 641
no swelllng no
Lenderness swelllng
creplLaLlon or nodules
!olnLs move smooLhly
normal