History oI Yogyukurtu

TIe CILy oI JogjukurLu und LIe KIngdom oI JogjukurLu wus esLubIIsIed

us u resuIL oI u "GIunLI wur LreuLy" (Perjcnjicn Gicnti by HRH PrInce
MungkubumI, wIo IuLer become HRH SuILun Humengkubuwono . OIIIcIuIIy,
LIe creuLIon oI KIngdom oI JogjukurLu Is duLed Lo OcLober ;, 1;6 us u resuIL oI
cIvII wur umong LIe bIoodIIne oI TIe KIngdom oI MuLurum. TIe cIvII wur wus
IougIL uguInsL Humengkubuwono's und IIs eIder broLIer, HRH Sunun
Pukubuwono . TIIs cIvII wur murked LIe end oI LIe KIngdom oI MuLurum
und resuILed In LIe bIrLI oI LIeKIngdom oI JogjukurLu und LIe KIngdom oI
SurukurLu.
TIe rooL oI LIe cIvII wur sLurLed wIen Sunun Pukubuwono ugreed Lo
cooperuLe wILI LIe DuLcI coIonIuI governmenL und submIL Lo IoreIgn
(wesLern powers. HIs younger broLIer, HRH PrInce MungkumbumI (HRH
SuILun Humengkubuwono sLood uguInsL LIe concepL, due Lo concern LIuL IIs
peopIe wouId become sIuves under DuLcI ruIe. TIe Juvunese sIuves were used
Lo work Ior busInesses owned by V.O.C. und LIe DuLcI CoIonIuI GovernmenL
und exporLed Lo presenL duy SurInume In SouLI AmerIcu. n LIe NeLIerIunds
ILseII, some oI LIe DuLcI peopIe sLood uguInsL LIe poIIcy oI LIeIr Iome
governmenL.
PrInce MungkubumI IougIL unLII LIe deIeuL oI LIe Pukubuwono Iorces und
decIured sovereIgnLy In LIe KIngdom oI JogjukurLu souLI oI LIe orIgInuI
KIngdom oI MuLurum. Becuuse oI LIIs IIsLorIcuI ucL oI bruvery und sucrIIIce,
JogjukurLu Is gIven SpecIuI AdmInIsLruLIve RegIon (SAR sLuLus, mukIng LIe
ProvInce oI JogjukurLu LIe onIy provInce Ieuded by u monurcIy.

TIe cILy oI YogyukurLu Is sILuuLed on Juvu sIund, ubouL oo km souLIeusL oI
JukurLu, LIe cupILuI cILy oI ndonesIu. As LIe cupILuI oI YogyukurLu SpecIuI
RegIon ProvInce, LIe cILy Ius ubouL z. kmz ureu wILI u LoLuI popuIuLIon In
zooq oI uround q8,ooq und popuIuLIon densILy oI 1z,zq6.z8Jkmz (NuLIonuI
SocIo EconomIc Survey, zooq.
TIe cILy oI YogyukurLu Ius u Iong und rIcI IIsLory, documenLed In ndonesIun
IILeruLure. L wus Iounded In 1;, wIen LIe Sultcncte oj Mctcrcm, wIIcI Iud
been In exIsLence sInce LIe 8LI cenLury, wus dIvIded by LIe DuLcI EusL ndIu
Compuny (VOC under LIe TreuLy oI Gicnti InLo Lwo purLs: LIe Sultcncte oj
coclcrtc Hcdininrct, wILI YogyukurLu us ILs cupILuI, und Surclcrtc
Hcdininrct, wILI SurukurLu us ILs cupILuI. DurIng LIe ndonesIun NuLIonuI
RevoIuLIon (1qq-1qo YogyukurLu pIuyed un ImporLunL roIe In
counLerIng LIe uggressIon oI LIe DuLcI uILer WorId Wur .
As one oI LIe uncIenL cILIes In ndonesIu, LIe spuLIuI deveIopmenL oI
YogyukurLu cun be Lruced Irom ILs uncIenL orIgIns Lo LIe mosL recenL
deveIopmenLs.Krcton, or LIe SuILun's puIuce, Is LIe cenLre oI LIe cILIzens`
ucLIvILIes In LIe socIuI poIILIcuI, spIrILuuI und economIcuI spIeres. L Ius pubIIc
squures In LIe NorLI und LIe SouLI und u mosque In LIe WesL (known
us Kcumcn greuL mosque. TIere Is uIso u LrudILIonuI murkeL neurby (IuLer
known us erincrjomurkeL. DurIng ILs deveIopmenL, LIe IocuLIon oI
LIelrcton, wIIcI Is uL LIe cenLre oI YogyukurLu, drove LIe spruwI oI LIe cILy In
u unIque und ordered puLLern. TIe Krcton becume LIe cuILuruI cenLre und In
muny wuys InIIuenced LIe vuIues und LrudILIons oI LIe socIeLy.
TIe ureu oI LIe cILy oI YogyukurLu Is z. km-. WIIIe LIe cILy spreuds In uII
dIrecLIons Irom LIe lrcton (LIe SuILun's puIuce, LIe core oI LIe modern cILy Is
Lo LIe norLI, cenLrIng uround DuLcI coIonIuI-erubuIIdIngs und LIe commercIuI
dIsLrIcL. JuIun MuIIoboro, wILI rows oI puvemenL vendors und neurby murkeL
und muIIs, Is LIe prImury sIoppIng sLreeL Ior LourIsLs In LIe cILy, wIIIe JuIun
SoIo, IurLIer norLI, Is u sIoppIng dIsLrIcL more IrequenLed by IocuIs. AL LIe
souLIern end oI MuIIoboro, on LIe eusL sIde Is LIe Iurge IocuI murkeL oI
BerIngIurjo, noL Iur Irom orL Vredeburg u resLored DuLcI IorL.
AL YogyukurLu's cenLre Is LIe lrcton, or SuILun's puIuce. SurroundIng LIe
kruLon Is u denseIy popuIuLed resIdenLIuI neIgIbourIood LIuL occupIes Iund
LIuL wus IormerIy LIe SuILun's soIe domuIn. EvIdence oI LIIs Iormer use
remuIns In LIe Iorm oI oId wuIIs und LIe ruIned Tumun SurI, buIIL In 1;8 us u
pIeusure gurden. No Ionger used by LIe suILun, LIe gurden Iud been IurgeIy
ubundoned. or u LIme, IL wus used Ior IousIng by puIuce empIoyees und
descendunLs. ReconsLrucLIon eIIorLs begun In zooq, und un eIIorL Lo renew LIe
neIgIbourIood uround LIe kruLon Ius begun. TIe sILe Is u deveIopIng LourIsL
uLLrucLIon.