VI1AYA VITTALA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY-77

DEPARTMENT COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

COMPU1ER AE1WORKS I
PART-A
UNI1 I IN1kCDUC1ICN
1 WhaL ls meanL by communlcaLlon neLwork? Whlch are Lhe essenLlal elemenLs of a CompuLer
neLwork?
2 Compare ClrculL swlLchlng and ackeL swlLchlng
3 8rlefly explaln unS and emall
4 8rlefly descrlbe any flve essenLlal elemenLs of neLwork archlLecLure
3 Assume LhaL n compuLers are connecLed ln Lhe followlng Lopologles S1A8 8lnC 8uS and luLL?
CCnnLC1Lu MLSP CalculaLe how many lnLerconnecLlng cables are needed ln each case
6 Lxplaln Lhe funcLlons LhaL a neLwork musL provlde
7 WhaL ls Lhe dlfference beLween a physlcal address neLwork address and a domaln name?
8 Lxplaln ln deLall CSl reference model
9 Compare and conLrasL Lhe worklng of 1elephony and CompuLer neLworks wlLh respecL Lo servlces
provlded addresslng used rouLlng mechanlsm and slgnallng
10 Why do compuLer neLworks use packeL swlLchlng? WhaL klnd of addresslng ls used ln lnLerneL and
why? Why ls LhaL Lhe rellablllLy aspecL ls addressed b Lhe hosLs aLLached Lo Lhe neLwork and noL by Lhe
rouLers ln Lhe neLwork WhaL ls Lhe role of unS ln Lhe lnLerneL?
11 WhaL ls LAn? WhaL ls MAC proLocol and why lL ls requlred? lS rouLlng requlred ln LAn? !usLlfy your
answer WhaL ls framlng? WhaL klnd of addresslng ls used? WhaL ls lLs lengLh?
12 WhaL are Lhe uses of a layered neLwork model? Compare CSl and 1C/l models
13 WhaL are Lhe dlfference beLween a porL address a loglcal address and a physlcal address?
14 An lmage ls 1024x768 plxels wlLh 3 byLes per plxel Assume Lhe lmage ls uncompressed Pow long
does lL Lake Lo LransmlL lL
l) Cver a 36 kbps modem channel
ll) Cver 1 Mbps cable modem
lll) Cver 10 Mbps LLherneL
lv) Cver 100 Mbps LLherneL
13 WhaL ls uaLa CommunlcaLlon? WhaL are lLs CharacLerlsLlcs? Lxplaln
16 ueflne lollowlng Lerms l) roLocol ll) lnLerneL
17 uescrlbe wlLh neaL dlagram Lhe funcLlonallLles of each layer ln CSl model
18 WlLh neaL dlagram explaln mesh Lopology and sLar Lopology wlLh appllcaLlon of each
19 WhaL are sLandards? name any four sLandard organlzaLlons
20 Lxplaln CSl reference model wlLh funcLlons of followlng layers
l) hyslcal layer ll) uaLa Llnk Layer lll) neLwork Layer
21 WhaL ls daLa communlcaLlon? WhaL are lLs four lmporLanL fundamenLal characLerlsLlcs?
22 WhaL ls a proLocol? WhaL are lLs key elemenLs?
23 Lxplaln CSl reference model wlLh a neaL flgure
24 ulfferenLlaLe beLween
l) A8 and 8A8
ll) lCM and CM
lll) uu and 1C
23 WhaL ls daLa communlcaLlon? WhaL are lLs characLerlsLlcs and componenLs? Lxplaln
26 Clve Lhe comparlson beLween LAn MAn and WAn wlLh an example
27 uescrlbe wlLh neaL dlagram Lhe funcLlonallLles of each layer ln Lhe 1C/l model
28 WhaL ls daLa communlcaLlon? LlsL and explaln Lhe flve componenLs of a daLa communlcaLlon sysLem
wlLh examples
29 ulscuss Lhe lSCCSl layered model brlnglng ouL Lhe funcLlonallLles of each layer
30 ueflne Lhe key elemenLs of a proLocol
31 Lxplaln Lhe fundamenLal characLerlsLlcs of a daLa communlcaLlon sysLem
32 WhaL ls a physlcal Lopology? uescrlbe Lhe four baslc Lopologles
33 Assume LhaL flfLy devlces are arranged ln a mesh Lopology Pow many llnks are needed? Pow many
porLs are needed for each devlce?
UNI1 II DA1A SIGNALS AND DIGI1AL 1kANSMISSICN
1 Lxplaln Lhe CSl reference model llsLlng Lhe funcLlons of each layer
2 Clve any flve advanLages of dlglLal communlcaLlon over analog communlcaLlon
3 A 10 kPz base band channel ls used by a dlglLal Lransmlsslon sysLem ldeal pulses are sendlng aL Lhe
nyqulsL raLe and Lhe pulses Lake 16 levels WhaL ls Lhe daLa raLe of Lhe sysLem?
4 A hosL compuLers ls connecLed Lo a connecLlonorlenLed packeLswlLchlng neLwork Lo a server
Lhrough a polnLLopolnL llnk Show Lhe sequence of layered servlces LhaL Lake place beLween layer(n+1)
of Lhe hosL and LhaL of Lhe server Lhrough Lhe respecLlve lower layers(n) and deploylng Lhe requlred
uus and Suus
3 A Scanner has a resoluLlon of 600x600 plxels/square lnch Pow many blLs are produced by an 8lnch x
10lnch lmage lf scannlng uses 8 blLs plxel? lf Lhe lmage ls compressed aL a raLlo of 12 how long wlll lL
Lake Lo LransmlL Lhls compressed lmage over a 36kbps Lransmlsslon medlum?
6 A Slgnal ls sampled Lach sample requlres aL leasL 12 levels of preclslon(+0 Lo +3 and 0 Lo 3) Pow
many blLs should be sendlng for each sample?
7 Lxplaln Lhe followlng Medlas wlLh one appllcaLlon
l) Coaxlal cable ll) lnfrared llghL
8 Lxplaln lnLerneL checksum algorlLhm along wlLh example
9 WhaL ls an lnLerneLwork? WhaL are Lhe lssues ln lnLerneLworklng? WlLh neaL dlagram explaln Lhe
worklng of an lneLrneLwork? WhaL ls A8PAnL1? ulscuss lLs sallenL feaLures
10 Why Lhere ls an need for an overall neLwork archlLecLure? WhaL do you undersLand by Lhe Lerm
Layerlng? Pow does lL help slmpllfy Lhe deslgn?
11 WhaL ls SM1? WlLh a neaL LabulaLlon explaln Lhe lnLeracLlon beLween Lhe cllenL and server clearly
lndlcaLlng Lhe lmporLanL messages exchanged
12 ueflne proLocol daLa unlL and daLa packeL uescrlbe peerLopeer communlcaLlon
13 WhaL ls Lhe prlnclpal dlfference beLween connecLlonless communlcaLlon and connecLlon orlenLed
communlcaLlon? Lxplaln block codlng meLhod used ln dlglLal Lransmlsslon
14 ueflne bandwldLh A slgnal has a bandwldLh of 20 Pz 1he hlghesL frequency ls 60 Pz WhaL ls Lhe
lower frequency? uraw Lhe specLrum lf Lhe slgnal conLalns all lnLegral frequencles of Lhe same
ampllLude
13 CalculaLe Lhe Shannon channel capaclLy ln followlng cases
l) 8andwldLh20 kPz Sn8db40 ll) 8andwldLh200kPz Sn8db6
16 A flle conLalns 1 mllllon byLes Pow long does lL Lake Lo download Lhls flle uslng a 100 kbps channel?
17 ueflne llne codlng uescrlbe unlpolar n8Z polar n8ZL 8lpolar AMl ManchesLer encodlng by
applylng on Lhe lnformaLlon sequence 101011100
18 Lxplaln Lhree causes for Lransmlsslon lmpalrmenLs
19 uescrlbe wlLh neaL waveform any Lwo polar llne codlng schemes
20 Clve daLa raLe formula suggesLed by nyqulsL and Shannon Low pass communlcaLlon has 8W of
1MPz WhaL ls Shannon capaclLy of channel lf Sn8 ls 40db? WhaL blL raLe ls aLLalnable uslng 8level
pulses?
21 Suppose an appllcaLlon layer wanLs Lo send LbyLes message Lo lLs peer pocess uslng Lhe exslsLlng
1C connecLlon 1he 1C conslsLs of message plus 20 byLes of header 1he segmenL ls encapsulaLed lnLo
l packeL LhaL lles an addlLlonal 20 byLes of header1he l packeL ln mm goes lnslde Lhe LLherneL frame
LhaL has 18 byLes of header and Lraller WhaL percenLage of Lhe LransmlLLed byLe ln Lhe physlcal layer
correspond Lo Lhe message lnformaLlon? L100 byLe
22 ueflne bandwldLh? A perlodlc slgnal has bandwldLh of 20 Pz 1he hlghesL frequency ls 60 Pz WhaL ls
Lhe lowesL frequency? uraw Lhe specLrum lf Lhe slgnal conLalns all frequencles of Lhe same ampllLude
23 Lxplaln brlefly wlLh neaL flgures Lhe Lwo approaches for dlglLal Lransmlsslon
24 A Slgnal Lravels Lhrough an ampllfler and Lhe power ls lncreased 10 Llmes CalculaLe Lhe power
galned
23 Lxplaln Lhe Lransmlsslon modes
26 We wanL Lo dlglLallze Lhe human volce WhaL ls Lhe blL raLe assumlng 8 blLs per sample?
27 ulscuss 8 8/10 8 codlng scheme
28 Lxplaln Lhe delLa modulaLlon
29 An analog slgnal has a bandwldLh of 40 kPz lf we use four levels ln Lhe slgnal whaL ls Lhe mlnlmum
bandwldLh of Lhe dlglLal slgnal?
30 WhaL ls Lhe nyqulsL sampllng raLe for each of Lhe followlng slgnals?
l) A low pass slgnal wlLh bandwldLh of 200 kPz
ll) A band pass slgnal wlLh bandwldLh of 300 kPz havlng lowesL frequency of 200 kPz
31 WrlLe a descrlpLlve noLe on Lhe Lhree causes of Lransmlsslon lmpalrmenLs
32 WhaL are Lhe propagaLlon Llme and Lhe Lransmlsslon Llme for a 3MbyLe message lf Lhe bandwldLh
of Lhe neLwork ls 1 Mbps? Assume LhaL Lhe dlsLance beLween Lhe sender and Lhe recelver ls 12000 km
and LhaL llghL Lravels aL 24x108m/s
33 8epresenL Lhe blL sequence 01001011" uslng 8lpolar schemes AMl and pseudo Lernary Lxplaln
Lhelr characLerlsLlcs wlLh regard Lo synchronlzaLlon and uC componenL
34 Lxplaln a CM encoder
UNI1 III ANALCG 1kANSMISSICN AND MUL1ILLkING
1 uescrlbe Lhe dlfferenL Lransmlsslon modes
2 An analog slgnal has a blL raLe of 8000 bps and a baud raLe of 1000baud Pow many slgnal elemenLs
are carrled by each slgnal elemenL? Pow many slgnal elemenLs do we need?
3 LlsL Lhe mulLlplexlng Lechnlques Lxplaln Lhe concepL of mulLlplexlng uslng frequency
4 WhaL ls 1lme ulvlslon MulLlplexlng? Lxplaln how sLaLlsLlcal 1uM overcomes Lhe dlsadvanLages of
synchronous 1uM
3 An analog slgnal has a blL raLe of 1000 bps and bandwldLh of 2000 band Pow many daLa elemenLs are
carrled by each slgnal elemenL? Pow many slgnal elemenLs do we need?
6 Lxplaln phase shlfL keylng ln deLall
7 An analog slgnal has a blL raLe of 8000bps and a baud raLe of 1000 baud Pow many daLa elemenLs are
carrled by each slgnal elemenL? Pow many slgnal elemenLs do we need?
8 ueflne synchronous 1uM
9 Lxplaln Lhe ampllLude modulaLlon
10 A volce grade channel of a Lelephone neLwork has a bandwldLh of 34 Pz
l) CalculaLe channel capaclLy for S/n30d8
ll) CalculaLe S/n requlred supporLlng lnformaLlon Lransfer aL 4800bps
11 WhaL ls luM? 8rlefly explaln lLs mulLlplexlng and demulLlplexlng process
12 Lxplaln brlefly Lhe Lwo spread specLrum Lechnlques
13 WlLh neaL waveform explaln Lhree meLhods of dlglLal Lo analog converslon uraw waveform wlLh
lnpuL daLa 110kx
14 WhaL ls MulLlplexlng? WlLh neaL dlagram explaln luM
13 WhaL ls 1uM? lour sources creaLe 230 characLers per second 1he frame conLalns one characLer
from each source and one exLra blL for synchronlzaLlon llnd
l) 1he daLa raLe of each source
ll) uuraLlon of each characLer ln each source
lll) 1he frame raLe
lv) uuraLlon of ouLpuL frame
v) frame slze ln blLs
vl) 1he daLa raLe of Lhe llnk
16 lour sources each creaLes 230 characLers per second lf Lhe lnLerleaved unlL ls a characLer and one
synchronlzaLlon blL ls added Lo each frame flnd
l) 1he daLa raLe of each source
ll) uuraLlon of each characLer ln each source
lll) 1he frame raLe
lv) uuraLlon of each frame
v)number of blLs ln each frame
vl) 1he daLa raLe of Lhe llnk
17 ueflne Synchronous 1uM
18 Lxplaln phase shlfL keylng llnd a relaLlon beLween baud raLe and bandwldLh ln lSk
19 SLaLe nyqulsL Lheorem on sampllng Puman volce conLalns frequencles from 0 Lo 4000 Pz llnd Lhe
blL raLe assumlng 8 blLs per sample uslng nyqulsL Lheorem
20 WrlLe Lhe deflnlLlon of Lhe followlng Lransmlsslon mode wlLh a dlagram
l)arallel ll) Serlal lll) Synchronous lv) Asynchronous 1ransmlsslon
21 LeL g(x) x3+x+1 Conslder lnformaLlon sequence 1001
l) llnd LhaL Lhe codeword correspondlng Lo Lhe precedlng lnformaLlon sequence
ll) Suppose LhaL Lhe codeword ahs a Lransmlsslon error ln Lhe flrsL blL WhaL does LhaL recelver obLaln
when lL does lLs error checklng?
22 ueflne Llne codlng Lxplaln ln deLall llne codlng meLhods for Lhe blL sLream 1010110
23 uraw Lhe ManchesLer encodlng of Lhe followlng blnary sequence 10101110 Why ls ManchesLer
encodlng called as l82 code?
24uerlve Lhe expresslon for Lhe bandwldLh of a lrequency ShlfL keylng(lSk) slgnal and hence deLermlne
Lhe maxlmum blL raLe of Lransmlsslon lf Lhe bandwldLh of Lhe medlum ls 12000Pzand Lhe dlfference
beLween Lhe Lwo carrles ls 2000 Pz Assume LhaL Lhe Lransmlsslon ls ln fullduplex mode
23 lf lL ls deslred Lo LransmlL aL a raLe of 64kbps over a 3 kPz channel WhaL ls Lhe mlnlmum Sn8
requlred?
26 WhaL ls llne codlng? Why lL ls necessary? Llne code Lhe sLream 101011 uslng dlfferenL schemes
27 Lxplaln CuadraLure AmpllLude ModulaLlon and uemodulaLlon WhaL ls lLs advanLage?
UNI1 IV 1kANSMISSICN MLDIA LkkCk DL1LC1ICN AND CCkkLC1ICN
1 Clven g(x)x3+x2+1 flnd Lhe polynomlal code word for Lhe lnformaLlon blLs 110110
2 Lxplaln Lhe use of LwlsLed palr ln LLherneL LAns
3 Pow ls Llme dlvlslon mulLlplexlng done ln 11 carrler? WhaL problems can occur wlLh regard Lo
synchronlzaLlon and how lL ls solved?
4 uraw Lhe dlagram of a Lyplcal CAMmodulaLor and prove LhaL lLs ouLpuL y(L) ls glven by
?(L)(A
2
k
+8
2
k
)
1/2

cos2n fcL_Lan
1
(8
k
|A
k
)
A
k
ls ln phase componenL 8
k
ls quadraLure componenL and fc ls cenLer frequency
3 uraw Lhe CAMConsLellaLlon dlagrams of Lhe followlng
l) 8CAM represenLed by 2ampllLude and 4phases
ll) 16CAM represenLed by 3ampllLude and 12phases
6 ueflne MulLlplexlng Lxplaln luM
7 lrames arrlve aL a Llmedlvlslon swlLch aL Lhe raLe of 8000/sec lf Lhe memory cycle Llme ls 123 ns
how many connecLlons can Lhe swlLch handle?
8 WhaL ls SCnL1? Lxplaln ln deLall SCnL1 S1S1 frame formaL
9 ueflne mulLlplexlng Pow does 1uM mullLplex and uemulLlplex slgnals
10 lour sources each creaLe 230 characLers per second lf Lhe lnLerleaved unlL ls a characLer and one
synchronlzaLlon blL ls added Lo each frame flnd
l) 1he daLa raLe of each source
ll) uuraLlon of each characLer ln each source
lll) 1he frame raLe
lv) uuraLlon of each frame
v)number of blLs ln each frame
vl) 1he daLa raLe of Lhe llnk
11 uescrlbe opLlcal flber cable WhaL ls Lhe purpose of claddlng ln ClC?
12 8rlefly explaln Lhe coaxlal cable and opLlcal flber wlLh Lhelr appllcaLlons
13 Lxplaln how C8C ls used ln deLecLlng errors for Lhe followlng polynomlal g(x)x4+x+1 Conslder Lhe
lnformaLlon sequence 1101011011
l) llnd Lhe codeword correspondlng Lo Lhelr sequence
ll) lf Lhe codeword has error ln Lhlrd blL whaL does recelver obLaln when lL does lLs error
checklng?
14 uescrlbe Lhe physlcal and Lransmlsslon characLerlsLlc of followlng
l)1wlsLed palr cable ll) llber opLlc cable
13 WhaL ls hammlng dlsLance? Lxplaln slmple parlLy check code C(34) wlLh d
mln
2 Pow many blLs can
be correcLed?
16 WhaL ls C8C? lf Lhe generaLlng polynomlal for C8C code ls x4+x3+1 and message word ls 110000
ueLermlne check blLs and coded word
17 Lxplaln brlefly Lhe flber opLlc cable wlLh a neaL flgure
18 llnd Lhe codeword c(x) for Lhe lnformaLlon d(x)x3+1 wlLh Lhe generaLor polynomlal L(x)x3+x+1
19 WhaL ls lnLerneL checksum? WlLh an example llsL Lhe sLeps underLaken by Lhe sender and recelver
for error deLecLlon
20 8rlefly explaln LwlsLed palr cable and opLlcal flber cable wlLh Lhelr appllcaLlons
21 Lxplaln Lhe check sum wlLh an example
22 Lxplaln Lhe Lypes of error
23 WhaL ls reflecLlon? 8rlefly explaln Lhe flber opLlc cable medla wlLh neaL skeLch
24 uraw a C8C encoder and decoder for C8C code wlLh C(74) Also explaln how Lhls C8C deslgn works
wlLh an example
23 ueflne llne of slghL propagaLlon
26 ueflne lPSS and explaln how lL achleves bandwldLh spreadlng
27 llnd Lhe codeword uslng C8C glven daLa word 1001" and generaLe 1011"
28 uescrlbe Lhe propagaLlon modes ln an opLlcal flber
Ak1 8
UNI1 V DA1A LINk CCN1kCL
1 uescrlbe a sLopandwalL proLocol wlLh A8C
2 Why blL sLufflng and byLe sLufflng are needed? Lxplaln Lhem wlLh examples
3 LlsL Lhe proLocols for nolsy channels Lxplaln sLop and walL proLocol for nolseless channels
4 ueflne plggybacklng and lLs usefulness
3 WrlLe explanaLory noLes on Lhe dlfferenL phases of
6 Lxplaln Lhe selecLlve repeaL and sLop and walL A8C
7 ulscuss PuLC proLocol
8 Lxplaln brlefly wlLh neaL flgures sLopandwalL A8C and Cobackn A8C
9 Lxplaln Lhe frame formaL and LranslLlonal phases of polnLLopolnL proLocol
10 ulfferenLlaLe beLween characLer orlenLed and blL orlenLed formaL for framlng
11 Lxplaln sallenL feaLures of l) sLopandwalL proLocol ll)SLopandwalL A8C proLocol
12 Lxplaln brlefly abouL polnLLopolnL proLocol
13 Lxplaln selecLlve repeaL A8C !usLlfy how selecLlve repeaL A8C ouLperforms Cobackn and sLop
andwalL A8C
14 Lxplaln polnLLopolnL proLocol frame formaL Also brlefly descrlbe dlfferenL LranslLlon phases of
ln esLabllshlng a connecLlon from home C Lo lS
13 ueflne a clrculL swlLch Lxplaln a crossbar swlLch Pow does a mulLlsaLe swlLch over come Lhe
dlsadvanLages of crossbar swlLch?
16 uescrlbe Lhe worklng of LlmesloL lnLerchange Lechnology ln Llme dlvlslon swlLches
17 Clven a channel wlLh a capaclLy of 20 Mbps 1he bandwldLh of Lhe channel ls 3 MPz WhaL slgnal Lo
nolse raLlo requlred Lo achleve Lhls capaclLy
18 WhaL are clrculL swlLches? WhaL are Lhe dlfferenL Lypes of swlLches? Lxplaln Lhe Llme dlvlslon
swlLches
19 Lxplaln endLoend versus hopbyhop approaches
20 uraw Lhe sLrucLure of SCnL1 frame S1S1 aL Lhe llne level and brlefly descrlbe Lhe segmenLs ln lL
rove LhaL Lhe overall blL raLe of S1S1 ls 3184 Mbps
21 ln a 1uM sysLem four channels of 1 kbps each are mulLlplexed LogeLher Lach Llme sloL called as a
unlL carrles 1 blL of lnformaLlon uaLa from each Llme sloL ls LransmlLLed as a frame llnd
l) 1ransmlsslon raLe of Lhe ouLpuL llnk of Lhe mulLlplexer
ll) 1he duraLlon of a frame
22 Lxplaln Lhe SCnL1 frame sLrucLure? WhaL ls Lhe blL raLe of S1Sl slgnal?
23 Lxplaln 1lme ulvlslon SwlLches
24 Lxplaln Lhe Lransmlsslon faclllLles ln Lhe Lelephone neLwork Pow ls Lhe converslon from 2wlre Lo 4
wlre connecLlon done aL Lhe exchange
UNI1 VI MUL1ILL ACCLSS L1nLkNL1
1 uerlve an expresslon for Lhe Lransmlsslon efflclency of sLopandwalL A8C
2 WhaL ls Lhe dlsadvanLage of Co backn proLocol? Show how ls lL overcome ln selecLlve 8epeaL
proLocol? WhaL ls Lhe maxlmum wlndow slze of Lhls proLocol?
3 Lxplaln any Lwo framlng meLhods
4 ln Lhe selecLlve repeaL A8C explaln Lhe meanlng of
S
lasL
A
recenL
8
nexL
W
S
W
8
3 ln PuLC proLocol dlscuss Lhe funcLlons execuLed by Lhe conLrol frame
6 Suppose we wlsh Lo LransmlL aL a raLe of 64 kbps over 3 kPz Lelephone channel whaL ls Lhe
mlnlmum Sn8 requlred accompllshlng Lhls?
7 Lxplaln Llmlng recovery for synchronous servlces Also explaln Lhe Lwo approaches Lo carry ouL
clock recovery
8 Pow ls Lhe dlscreLe mulLlone Lechnlque used by AuSL Lechnology for hlgh speed access of dlglLal
daLa? WrlLe Lhe bandwldLh dlvlslon ln AuSL
9 ueflne flow conLrol uescrlbe sLop and walL flow conLrol
l) llnd Lhe blL raLe for a 1000 baud 16CAM slgnal
ll) CompuLe Lhe baud raLe for a 72000bps 64CAM slgnal
10 Lxplaln Lhe followlng random access proLocols l) CSMA ll)CSMA/Cu
11 ulscuss 8023 MAC frame formaL MenLlon Lhe resLrlcLlons lmposed on mlnlmum and maxlmum
lengLhs of a 8023 frame
12 WhaL ls 8andom access? Lxplaln Lhe followlng random access proLocols
l) SloLLed ALCPA ll) CSMA/Cu
13 WhaL ls ChannellzaLlon? Lxplaln CuMA
14 uescrlbe frame formaL for lLLL 8023 MAC frame WhaL are Lhe sallenL feaLures of fasL LLherneL?
13 A neLwork LransmlLs 200 blL frame on a shared channel of 200 kbps lor Aloha and sloLLed Aloha
WhaL ls Lhe
l) 8equlremenL Lo make Lhe frame colllslon free?
ll) LhroughpuL lf Lhe sysLem produces 1000 frames/sec
16 ueflne ChannellzaLlon and llsL lLs Lhree proLocols
17 Pow does pperslsLenL meLhod lmprove efflclency?
18 Lxplaln l) CSMA ll) CSMA/Cu
19 WhaL do you mean by channellzaLlon? Lxplaln Lhe proLocols used for channellzaLlon
20 uescrlbe Lhe dlfferenL conLrolled access meLhods
21 Lxplaln 8023 MAC frame formaL and frame lengLh
22 uescrlbe Lhe frame formaL of
23 A ure ALCPA neLwork LransmlLs 200 blL frames on a shared channel of 200 kbps WhaL ls Lhe
LhroughpuL lf Lhe sysLem produces 1000 frames per second?
24 uescrlbe CSMA/CA proLocol wlLh a neaL flow dlagram
UN1I VII WIkLLLSS LANS AND CCNNLC1ICN CI LANS
1 Lxplaln Lhe PuLC proLocol wlLh lLs frame formaL
2 WhaL Lechnlque ls used Lo lmprove Lhe efflclency of ALCPA proLocol? lf a 36 kbps channel ls shared
Lo LransmlL 1000blL frames whaL ls Lhe maxlmum LhroughpuL posslble ln ALCPA and sloLLed ALCPA?
3 Lxplaln Lhe CSMA/Cu proLocol Clve Lhe expresslon for Lhe maxlmum probablllLy of success
4 uerlve Lhe expresslon connecLlng Lhe LhroughpuL S and Lhe LoLal arrlval raLe C ln a sloLLed ALCPA
sysLem and hence derlve Lhe maxlmum value of Lhe LhroughpuL
3 Suppose a radlo sysLem uses 9600 bps channel for sendlng call sLeup requesL messages Lo abase
sLaLlon Suppose LhaL frames are 120 blLs long WhaL ls Lhe maxlmum LhroughpuL posslble wlLh ALCPA
and wlLh SloLLed ALCPA
6 Lxplaln ln deLall PuLC frame formaL
7 ueflne 8andom Access ConLrol Lxplaln sloLLed ALCPA and CSMA/Cu
8 name Lhe Lypes of PuLC frames glve a brlef descrlpLlon of each
9 ueflne random access conLrol Lxplaln sloLLed ALCPA and compare wlLh ALCPA
10 Suppose LhaL a dlglLal 1v plcLure ls Lo be LransmlLLed from a source LhaL uses a maLrlx of 480x300
plxels where each plxel can Lake on one 32 lnLenslLy values Assume LhaL 30 plcLures are senL per
second llnd Lhe source raLe ln bps
11 ulscuss 8lueLooLh Lechnology
12 Lxplaln Lhe worklng mechanlsm of followlng devlces used Lo connecL LAns l) 8rldge ll) 8ouLer
13 uescrlbe Lhe MAC layers ln lLLL 80211 sLandard
14 ln brlef explaln 8lueLooLh layers
13 8rlng ouL dlfference beLween 8ouLers 8rldges 8epeaLers and CaLeways
16 Lxplaln wlLh a neaL flgure 8023 MAC frame formaL
17 Lxplaln Lhe hldden and exposed sLaLlon problems ln lLLL 80211
18 Lxplaln Lhe lLLL 80211 archlLecLure
19 Pow does a vlrLual LAn helpful ln provldlng securlLy and reduce Lhe neLwork Lrafflc
20 Lxplaln Lhe 8rldges
21 ulscuss Lhe 80211 MAC layer frame formaL
22 ulfferenLlaLe bus backbone from sLar backbone Lxplaln each ln deLall
23 ulfferenLlaLe beLween Ampllfler and 8epeaLer
24 uescrlbe 8023 MAC frame
23 uescrlbe 8lueLooLh ArchlLecLures
26 Pow does a vLAn reduce neLwork Lrafflc?

UNI1 VIII C1nLk 1LCnNCLCGILS
1 WhaL ls Lhe dlfference beLween random access and schedullng approaches Lo MAC Lxplaln Lhe
polllng Lechnlques
2 8rlefly explaln CuMA
3 ulsLlngulsh beLween 8rldges Pubs and SwlLches
4 Clve a brlef descrlpLlon of Lhe followlng
a)8epeaLers
b) Loop problem ln connecLlng LAn's uslng brldges
c) Cycllc 8edundancy Check (C8C) ln error deLecLlon
d) CSMA/Cu
3 WrlLe explanaLory noLes on
a) uSL 1echnology b) Sk c) roLocol d) WuM
6 WrlLe a brlef noLe on repeaLer hub brldge swlLch and rouLer
7 WhaL are Lhe funcLlons of modem? LlsL dlfferenL modem sLandards
8 WrlLe a noLe on unS
9 WhaL are Lhe deslgn goals of A1M? 8rlefly descrlbe A1M layers
10 WhaL ls blL sLufflng and unsLufflng? Apply blL sLufflng Lo Lhe sequence 0110111111111100 Apply
unsLufflng 01111110000111011111011111011001111110
11 Lxplaln SCnL1 mulLlplexlng
12 WlLh neaL dlagram explaln A1M archlLecLure
13 ulscuss SCnL1 S1S frame formaL llnd daLa raLe of an S1S3 slgnal
14 Lxplaln brlefly Lhe Lhree caLegorles of saLelllLes
13 Lxplaln brlefly S1S1 frame formaL
16 Lxplaln Lhe SCnL1/SuP layers and frames
17 llnd Lhe daLa raLe and duraLlon of an S1S1 slgnal
18 Lxplaln Lhe AMS
19 Lxplaln ln deLall Lhe archlLecLure of a SCnL1 sysLem
20 WrlLe a noLe on byLe lnLerleavlng
21 Clve Lhe archlLecLure of A1M Show how vs and vCs are esLabllshed
22 uescrlbe frequency reuse handoff and roamlng concepLs ln cellular Lelephony
23 uescrlbe S1S1 frame
24 uescrlbe Lhe concepL of asynchronous 1uM