IEEE MICROWAVE AND WIRELESS COMPONENTS LETTERS, VOL. 20, NO.

2, FEBRUARY 2010

73

Dual-Mode Dual-Band Filter With Band Notch Structures

Youngje Sung
AbstractA novel approach for designing dual-mode dual-band bandpass lters is proposed and experimentally studied. By embedding a pair of slits in the square patch, the dual-band response is realized and one transmission zero is introduced between the two passbands. Two degenerate modes are achieved by loading with a small square perturbation, which can be placed at the diagonal line. There are three transmission zeros. The slits control the rst and third transmission zeros. On the other hand, the right crossed slots control the rst and the second transmission zeros. Index TermsDual-mode dual-band lter.

I. INTRODUCTION
Fig. 1. Conguration of the proposed dual-band dual-mode lter.

ECENT development in wireless communication systems has created a need for RF circuits with a dual-band operation. Various congurations have been proposed for realizing a dual-band lter [1][4]. In [1], a dual-band was implemented as a combination of two individual lters with two specic single passbands. By cascading a wideband passband lter and a stopband lter, a dual-band bandpass lter (BPF) was achieved [2], but these solutions suffer from high insertion loss and large overall size. The stepped impedance resonator (SIR) has been used in dual-band design [3], [4]. In this case, the second resonance property is dominated by the impedance of the SIR. ratio Dual-mode lters have been widely used in wireless communications systems because of their advantages in applications requiring high quality microwave s with features such as small size and low loss. As is well known, there are several commonly used dual-mode microstrip resonators including the circular ring [5], square loop [6], and square patch [7]. In this letter, a dual-mode dual-band with a pair of slits is proposed. The dual-band property derives from the slits applied to the square and the dual-mode property in the two passbands that is induced by a perturbation positioned at the center of the diagonal line. The right angle crossed slots control the rst resonance and lower the resonant frequency, which makes the square patch resonator compact. On the other hand, the right angle crossed slots only slightly perturb the second resonance and keep the second resonant frequency unchanged [7].

II. CONFIGURATION The basic conguration investigated in this letter is shown in Fig. 1. The lter proposed here is fabricated on a commerand . cially available substrate with The width of the feed line is chosen to be 1.2 mm, which corresponds to the characteristic impedance of 50 . The lter is fed by a microstrip line by gap coupling where the gap for the feed structure is denoted by . It is found from the simulated and ) of the T-shaped feed results that the dimensions ( structure can be adjusted for good impedance matching. Simulation is carried out using HFSS. The outer side length of the proposed lter is denoted by ; it has slitswith the length and width of and , respectivelythat are located in front of the I/O port, apart from its edge. The slot situated at the center is a combination of the right cross slots with the length and width [7] and the square slots from the I/O port. The side length that are located at of the square slot is denoted by . While a structure without slits was already reported in [8], the proposed lter failed to realize even dual-mode property at the second resonant frequency though it was designed for dual-mode dual-band application. Fig. 2 presents the simulated results that compare the values for square patch lters with and without slits, respecof property of a conventively. The solid line represents the tional square patch lter with the side length of 16 mm; the property of a square patch lter dotted line stands for the to which a pair of slits are added. A conventional square patch lter exhibits single resonance property, while one with slits, as demonstrated in Fig. 2, forms a transmission zero around 2.7 GHz, separating single passband into two bands. By properly setting the length of the slit to be 10 mm (approximately a quarter-wavelength at 2.7 GHz), the slit resonates, acting as a notch and trapping some of the power that was transmitted

Manuscript received May 28, 2009; revised October 18, 2009. First published January 26, 2010; current version published February 10, 2010. The author is with the Department of Electronics Engineering, Kyonggi University, Suwon 443-760, Korea (e-mail: yjsung@kgu.ac.kr). Color versions of one or more of the gures in this letter are available online at http://ieeexplore.ieee.org. Digital Object Identier 10.1109/LMWC.2009.2038434

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IEEE MICROWAVE AND WIRELESS COMPONENTS LETTERS, VOL. 20, NO. 2, FEBRUARY 2010

Fig. 2. Simulated results (S ) comparing the properties of square patch lters with and without slits.

from input port to output port [9]. The slot located at the center, whose length in one side is , leads each of the bands to have dual-mode property. Accordingly, the proposed lter has dualband dual-mode property. III. DUAL-MODE DUAL-BAND BANDPASS FILTER Fig. 3 shows the simulated results of the proposed lter with of the slits. The length of the square in different sizes and width of the one side is set at 16 mm; the length T-shaped feed structure are 14 mm and 0.2 mm, respectively, is 0.1 mm. As for the slot located at the center, and the gap , , and . In Fig. 3(a), the length of is altered while xing at 0.3 mm; in Fig. 3(b), the length of is changed with xed at 10.5 mm. The simulated results show that both of the resonant frequencies of the proposed becomes lter, and , tend to drop as the length of the slit causes a greater greater. Also, an increase in the slits size split between modes at the two resonant frequencies (i.e., and ) and thereby widens the bandwidth. As increases from 9.5 to 10.5 mm, the 3 dB bandwidth goes up from 7.2% to 8.2% at and from 4% to 5.3% at . Likewise, as increases from 0.2 mm to 0.6 mm, the 3 dB bandwidth goes up from 6.8% to and from 3.9% to 7% at . With the slit growing 11.9% at bigger, the rst and third transmission zeros change, while the second transmission zero shows relatively less or no movement. Fig. 4 shows the simulated results of the proposed lter with , different . The dimension of the lter is and the other dimensions are the same as above. It is found from the simulated result that the location of the rst transmission zero is decreased as the position increases. But, the second and the third transmission zeros still remains unchanged. Fig. 5 shows the simulated results of the proposed lter with different lengths of the slot. The dimension of the lter is , , and the other dimensions are the same as above. As increases, the third transmission zero remains unchanged but the rst and second transmission zeros do move, making it possible to adjust the resonance frequency while not altering . Fig. 6 illustrates changes in and other paramelter properties by , where

Fig. 3. Simulated frequency response (S ) of the proposed lter with different (a) slit length and (b) width.

Fig. 4. Simulated frequency response (S ) of the lter with different c.

ters are set as described above; an increase in perturbation size leads to a greater split between modes at and . IV. SIMULATED AND MEASURED RESULTS Fig. 7 shows the simulated and measured frequency response for the fabricated lter. To prove validity of the proposed struc-

SUNG: DUAL-MODE DUAL-BAND FILTER WITH BAND NOTCH STRUCTURES

75

Fig. 5. Simulated frequency response (S ) of the lter with different s.

Fig. 7. Simulated and measured results of the proposed lter.

V. CONCLUSION A novel dual-mode dual-band using a pair of slits has been proposed, which has good dual-passband performance at 2.21 and 2.81 GHz. The dual-passband characteristics are generated by slits. By a small square slot in the center as a perturbation, the symmetry of the structure can be perturbed, which makes it possible for excitation of two near-degenerate orthogonal modes for dual-mode operation. By the slits and the right crossed slots, three transmission zeros are easily controlled, which means the change of the bandwidth. It is well suited to compact and lowcost circuit applications at microwave frequencies. REFERENCES
[1] J. T. Kuo, T. H. Yeh, and C. C. Yeh, Design of microstrip bandpass lters with a dual-passband response, IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., vol. 53, no. 4, pp. 13311337, Apr. 2005. [2] L.-C. Tsai and C.-W. Huse, Dual-band bandpass lters using equal length coupled-serial-shunted lines and Z-transform techniques, IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., vol. 52, no. 4, pp. 11111117, Apr. 2004. [3] T.-H. Huang, H.-J. Chen, C.-S. Chang, L.-S. Chen, Y.-H. Wang, and M.-P. Houng, A novel compact ring dual-mode lter with adjustable second-passband for dual-band applications, IEEE Microw. Wireless Comp. Lett., vol. 16, no. 6, pp. 360362, Jun. 2006. [4] B. Wu, C. Liang, P. Qin, and Q. Li, Compact dual-band lter using defected stepped impedance resonator, IEEE Microw. Wireless Compon. Lett., vol. 18, no. 10, pp. 674676, Oct. 2008. [5] L. H. Hsieh and K. Chang, Dual-mode quasi-elliptic-function bandpass lter using ring resonators with enhanced-coupling tuning stubs, IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., vol. 50, no. 5, pp. 13401345, May 2002. [6] J.-S. Hong, H. Shaman, and Y.-H. Chun, Dual-mode microstrip openloop resonators and lters, IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., vol. 55, no. 8, pp. 17641770, Aug. 2007. [7] W.-H. Tu and K. Chang, Miniaturized dual-mode bandpass lter with harmonic control, IEEE Microw. Wireless Compon. Lett., vol. 15, no. 12, pp. 838840, Dec. 2005. [8] Y.-K. Su, J.-R. Chen, M.-H. Weng, and C.-Y. Hung, A right slotted patch dual-mode dual band bandpass lter used for WLAN, IEEE Microw. Opt Technol Lett., vol. 51, no. 2, pp. 491494, Feb. 2009. [9] I. K. Kim, C. W. Jung, Y. J. Kim, and Y. I. Kim, Low-prole wideband MIMO antenna with suppressing mutual coupling between two antennas, IEEE Microw. Opt Technol Lett., vol. 50, no. 5, pp. 13361339, May 2008.

Fig. 6. Simulated frequency response (S ) of the lter with different p.

ture, a dual-mode dual-band lter is designed and fabricated. The side length of the square is selected to be 16 mm. The pa, , rameters of the slit are chosen to as . The other parameter values are: and and . The impedance matching condition can be op, , and . timized when The two passbands are centered at 2.21 and 2.81 GHz, with the fractional bandwith of 10.4% and 8.2%. The measured minimum insertion losses of the two passbands are 1.1 and 1.6 dB, respectively. Three transmission zeros are realized at 1.69, 2.45, and 3.13 GHz. They are close to the passband edges and can greatly improve the selectivity of the lter and the isolation between the two passbands. Theoretical simulation result agrees well with measured result. The conductor and dielectric losses, which are not considered in the simulation, contribute to the small deviation between simulation and measurements.