MA 101

END SEM

MATHEMATICS I

01:0004:00PM

IIT GUWAHATI
Instructions

22

nd

NOV. 2011

1. To print means to write legibly in capital letters. 2. Print your tutorial group: 3. Put your signature in the space provided: 4. Print your roll number: 5. Print your name as registered: 6. Do not write anything else on this page. 7. Write your answers in this booklet and only in the space marked for answers. Additional space is to be found towards the end of the booklet. Use the provided blank sheets only for rough work. 8. Your writing should be legible and neat. When in doubt, print. 9. Check that you have 12 printed pages. This exam has 13 questions, for a total of 50 points. 10. The rst question has 28 parts. Each part is worth half a point. They require only the correct answer for full credit. Remaining questions need all necessary steps for full credit. 11. Although not necessary, you may use a nonprogrammable calculator. 12. Time management: Spend 4 minutes over this page, 56 minutes over question 1 (@ 2 minutes/part) and 120 minutes over questions 213 (@ 10 minutes/question). T

Space For Recheck Cribs

For Office Use Only

Jobs Initials

Invigilator

Grader

Scrutinizer

Rechecker

Rechecker

Question: Points: Score:

1 14

2 2

3 4

4 3

5 3

6 3

7 3

8 3

9 3

10 3

11 3

12 3

13 3

Total 50

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[14pnts. ] 1. Write your answers Neatly in the spaces earmarked. QUESTION (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) Let S be a spanning set for the vector space M3 (R) over R. Then, the minimum number of vectors that S must have is Consider the basis B = {1 + x, x + x2 , 1 + x2 } for R2 [x] over R and let p(x) = 3x + x2 . Then, the coordinate vector [p(x)]B equals Consider the subspace V = span{1, x, x2 , 1 + 2x2 } of R5 [x]. Then, dim(V ) equals Consider the vector space V = {p(x) R2 [x] : p(0) = 0} over R. Then, dim(V ) equals
2 PBC = 0

ANSWER

Let B and be two bases for a vector space V such that C

0 1 .

Then, PCB equals

(vi) (vii) (viii) (ix) (x) (xi) (xii)

Let T : R2 R2 [x] be a linear transformation such that T ([1, 0]t ) = 2 3x + x2 and T ([1, 1]t ) = x. Then, T ([4, 3]t ) equals Consider the linear transformation T : R2 [x] R2 dened by T (p(x)) = [p(0), p(1)]t for all p(x) R2 [x]. Then, nullity(T ) equals Let T : R15 R8 be a linear transformation such that nullity(T ) = 9. Then, rank(T ) equals
2n2 +4 2 n 6n +9

lim

evaluates to = =

An example for reals and for which the sequence 1 (1)n + (1)n+1 + n2 converges is
n

lim

(3 (14)n + 2 (21)n ) n
(1)n+1

evaluates to

Suppose an = 2n1 for each natural n. Consider the following 1 three statements about the series an = 1 1 + 1 7 + 3 5 (A) an is divergent (B) an is conditionally convergent (C) an is absolutely convergent. Which one of (A), (B) or (C) is TRUE? Given any conditionally convergent series, it can be rearranged to get a sum equal to Let k be a real number and let f : R R be given by f (x) = kx2 if x 2 and f (x) = 5 if x > 2. If f is continuous at x = 2, then k equals Which of the following statement(s) is (are) TRUE for increasing functions from reals to reals? (A) Sum of any two such functions is increasing (B) Dierence of any two such functions is increasing (C) Product of any two such functions is increasing (D) Composition of any two such functions is increasing

(xiii) (xiv)

(xv)

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QUESTION (xvi) Dene f : R R via f (x) = |x 1| + |x 2| + |x 3| if x Q and f (x) = 6 |x 1| |x 2| |x 3| otherwise. All points of continuity of f are Let J be an interval such that every function f : J R is bounded. Then J can be of only one type which is Let I be an interval such that every continuous f : I R is bounded. Then I can be of only two types which are Let f, g : R R be dierentiable functions such that f (g(x)) = x3 + 6x for all real x. It is known that g(2) = 5 and g (2) = 6. Then, f (5) equals Let f : R R be given by f (x) = 7(x 11)3 + 13. The point(s) at which f 1 is not dierentiable (is) are Let f : R R be given by f (x) = ax3 + 3bx2 + 3cx + d for reals a, b and c with a = 0. If f is bijective, then b2 ac has to be Given h : R R by h(x) = x3 + 2x + 1 for x R, the value of (h1 ) (4) is The number of points of relative extrema of the function f (x) = |x2 1| on the domain 4 x 4 is For each x R, let f (x) = (x 1)(x 2)2 (x 3)3 (x 4)4 . This denes a function f : R R. There is a unique natural number k such that every antiderivative of f has either k roots or k + 2 roots. The natural k equals
1 i 2 2 n i=1 n i +n n

ANSWER

(xvii) (xviii) (xix)

(xx) (xxi) (xxii) (xxiii) (xxiv)

(xxv) (xxvi)

lim

evaluates to

Consider the function f : [0, 3] R given by f (x) = 1 if x < 1, f (x) = 2 if 1 x < 2 and f (x) = 3 otherwise. The number of points of discontinuity of the indenite integral x Af (x) = 0 f (t)dt on [0, 3] is
1 Consider the function g : [0, 3] R given by g(x) = |x 2 | + 5 |x 1| + |x 3 | + |x 2| + |x 2 |. The number of points of 2 x nondierentiability of the indenite integral Ag (x) = 0 g(t)dt on (0, 3) is

(xxvii)

(xxviii)

Given three distinct reals a, b and c, verify that we can perform 12 types of addition, 12 types of multiplication and 24 operations involving one addition and one multiplication, for a total of 48 dierent operations. Under this interpretation, the number of dierent ways of performing operations with addition or multiplication on four distinct real numbers is

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[2pnts. ] 2. Let W1 and W2 be subspaces of a vector space V such that W1 W2 is also a subspace of V . Show that either W1 W2 or W2 W1 .

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[4pnts. ] 3. Let the mapping T : R3 R2 be dened by T ([x, y, z]t ) = [x y, y z]t for all [x, y, z]t R3 . Show that T is a linear transformation. Also, nd the matrix [T ]CB , where B is the standard basis for R3 and C = {[1, 1]t , [1, 1]t } is a basis for R2 .

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[3pnts. ] 4. If a, b R and a = 0 and b = 0, show that ab = 0.

[3pnts. ] 5. Let a and b be reals satisfying 0 < a < b. For any natural number n, show that 0 < an < bn .

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[3pnts. ] 6. Let A and B be nonempty subsets of R which are both bounded above. Dene A + B = {a + b | a A, b B}. Show the following: (a) A + B is bounded above (b) sup(A + B) = sup(A) + sup(B).

[3pnts. ] 7. Let a < b be reals. If (n ) is a cauchy sequence of reals in [a, b], show that (n ) is convergent. Further, if (n ) converges to a real show that [a, b].

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[3pnts. ] 8. Dene a function : N {1, 1} as follows. For any natural n, (n) = 1, 1 or 1 accordingly as whether n leaves a remainder 1, 2 or 0 upon division by 3. Explicitly, (1) = 1, (2) = 1, (3) = 1, (4) = 1, (5) = 1, (6) = 1, . . ..

Investigate whether the series

n=1

(n) n

converges or diverges.

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[3pnts. ] 9. Find a root of the polynomial x4 + 4x3 + 20 to within two decimal places using bisection method. ITERATE 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 A root of the given polynomial to within two decimal places is . LEFT POINT RIGHT POINT MID POINT MID VALUE ERROR

[3pnts. ] 10. Let a < b be reals and f : [a, b] R be continuous. If f has an absolute maximum at a point c (a, b), show that f is not injective.

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[3pnts. ] 11. Consider g : R \ {0} R given by g(x) = 1/x2 . Let c R \ {0} and consider the dierence quotient qc (h) = g(c+h)g(c) . Note that qc is dened for 0 < |h| < |c|. h Given any real > 0, nd a real > 0 such that 0 < |x c| < implies |qc (h) + c23 | < . {Write your proof respecting the following sketch.} Given a real > 0, MY =

CHECK: > 0? YES/NO and does not depend on x? YES/NO START: Assume x is a real such that 0 < |x c| < . THEN: ...

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[3pnts. ] 12. Let f : [1, 1] R be given by f (x) = Prove that f has an antiderivative. 1
3

(x2 + 1)(x2 + 2)(x2 + 3)

[3pnts. ] 13. For reals a < b, let f : [a, b] R be continuous on [a, b] and dierentiable on (a, b). Suppose c b that there exists a c (a, b) such that (b a) a f (t)dt = (c a) a f (t)dt. Prove that there is a (a, b) such that f () = 0.

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EXTRA SPACE FOR ANSWERS/NOT FOR ROUGH WORK

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