Name: Mario Woo

Block: 3

The Four Categories of Industry

Primary Industries: Secondary Industries: Tertiary Industries: Quaternary Industries: involve the extraction of raw resources. eg logging, mining, fishing, agriculture involve taking raw resources and making them into something (i.e. manufacturing). involve the selling of goods and services eg retail stores, restaurants, etc. involve the professions and services that require a high level of skill, expertise, and specialization. They include education, research and development, administration, and financial services such as accountancy.

Complete the Table below. Primary Secondary Secondary (primary (secondary manufacturing) manufacturing) Lumber Furniture Refining Raw salmon/ Caviar Flour Cast Iron/ Steel Gasoline Sushi/ Culinary Dishes Bread Stainless Steel Pots Tertiary Quaternary

Logging Oil Salmon Fishing Wheat Iron Ore Extraction

Sears Mohawk Save on Foods

Furniture Design Developing gasoline that produces less air pollution Stabilizing the salmon population (Preventing overfishing) Developing nutritional bread using less flour

Cobs Bread Home Sense

Developing a more durable steel pot with improved features for cooking Over time, a country such as Canada has made a transition from a primary based economy to secondary to tertiary, etc. For instance, think about what first attracted the Europeans to this part of the world fish and furs. Then as more people settled, logging and agriculture grew in importance. All of these are primary activities. However, to truly gain wealth, a nation does not want to simply sell raw resources but rather sell manufactured goods. One of Canadas first secondary industries was ship building. As time progressed, and Canadas economy diversified, more secondary

industry was created generating more wealth for the nation and its people. With more individual disposable income, people can afford to buy consumer goods and take advantage of the service industry. Consequently, today the tertiary sector employs the most Canadians. This would not happen though without the underlying support of the secondary and primary sectors. Furthermore, with continued wealth generation, monies have been made available to support research and development in a number of fields including medicine, aerospace technology, and computers. This is part of the quaternary sector. Within Canada, the level of economic diversification varies considerably from one part of the country to another. For example, Ontario has a well diversified economy with a strong primary base including minerals from the Canadian Shield and agriculture in the Great Lakes / St Lawrence Lowlands region. In terms of secondary, southern Ontario is the industrial heartland of the country with car manufacturing as a leading activity. In turn, the wealth from these industries supports a large population which can afford numerous consumer goods and services in the tertiary sector. As for quaternary, Toronto is the financial headquarters for corporate Canada. A number of these corporations support research and development projects. Ottawa, being the nations capital, is the centre for government administration. As well, the city supports many high tech. jobs. In contrast, a province such as Newfoundland and Labrador, lacks the secondary industry that Ontario has. Instead, traditionally the province has depended upon cod fishing as a main wealth generator. With the demise of the cod stocks, the province is trying to diversify into new areas such as offshore oil extraction (i.e. Hibernia) and high tech. In spite of some success in the St. Johns area, the province still has the highest unemployment rate in the country and depends upon equalization payments from Ontario and Alberta to maintain its standard of living. Globally, this contrast in economic development is also apparent. As evidence, complete the table below using information from the Statistics - Human Dewdvelopment Report Office for the UN Human Development Index World Ranking and the CIA Factbook for the remaining information.
Country (UN HDI** 2009)
GDP per Capita* GDP composition by sector
Agriculture: 2. 3% Industry: 26.4 % Services: 71.3 % (2009 est.)

Labour Force by Occupation

Economy Overview (five key points)

1. Is a high-tech industrial country in the $1 trillion class 2. Since WWII, the country has economically gone from mostly rural to urban and industrial 3. 80% of Canadas exports go to the US and is the largest supplier of American energy 4. Is part of the US-Canada FTA and NAFTA

$39,600 (2010 est.)

Agriculture: 2% Manufacturing: 13% Construction: 6% Services: 76% Other: 3%

Canada #8

(2006

.)

$47,400 (2010 est.)

United States #4

Agriculture: 1. 2% Industry: 22.2 % Services: 76.7 % (2010 est.)

Farming, forestry, and Fishing: 0.7% Manufacturing, extraction, transportation, and crafts: 20.3% Managerial, professional, and technical: 37.2% Sales and office: 24% Other services: 17.7% Figures exclude the unemployed (2009) Agriculture: 4% Industry: 28% Services: 68% (2009 est.)

1. Has the highest GDP per capita rate in the world 2. Is one of the largest and most technologically powerful economy in the world 3. Market-oriented economy in which private firms and businesses make most of their own decisions 1. Government-industry cooperation, a strong work ethic, mastery of high technology, and a comparatively small defence allocation made Japan second to US in technological power 2. Manufacturers, suppliers, and distributors work together in a tight-knit keiretsu. 3. The tiny but subsidized protected agricultural industry yields a very high crop output 1. An LEDC that has yet to recover from the ravages of war, loss of Soviet support, and centrally planned economy 2. The agricultural industry is in decline and changes required to move to the industrial industry are being made 3. GDP rates are in decline; inflation is too 1. Indias diverse economy encompasses many local businesses, services, industries, and agriculture 2. The economy has an annual growth rate of over 7% 3. Large population and English skill have prompted India to take advantage of the exploding software & high-tech industry. 4. Enormous population is Indias greatest menace

$34,200 (2010 est.)

Agriculture: 1. 5% Industry: 22.8 % Services: 75.7 % (2010 est.)

Japan #11

$3,100 (2010 est.)

Vietnam #113

Agriculture: 20 .5% Industry: 40.2 % Services: 39.2 % (2010 est.)

Agriculture: 51.8% Industry: 15.4% services: 32.7% (April 2009)

$3,400 (2010 est.)

India #119

Agriculture: 16 .1% Industry: 28.6 % Services: 55.3 % (2010 est.)

Agriculture: 52% Industry: 14% Services: 34% (2009 est.)

$30,700 (2010 est.)

Agriculture: 1. 8% Industry: 24.9 % Services: 73.3 % (2010 est.)

Agriculture: 4.2% Industry: 30.7% Services: 65.1% (2005)

Italy #23

1. Italy is highly developed and industrialized in the north while the south is much more rural and reliant on welfare, with high unemployment rates 2. Up to 15% of the economy is underground 3. The agriculture, construction, and service sectors feature the most underground activity 4. Italys official debt = 100%+ over GNP! 1. Oil-rich Nigeria has been burdened with many bureaucratic nightmares and corruption. 2. Oil earns over 95% of the foreign capital and 80% of the total budgetary revenues. 3. The continual growth of Nigeria is the greatest hampered by its disastrous infrastructural shape 4. Attempts to curb large currency inflation 1. Immense agricultural, mining, manufacturing, and service factors dominate the Brazilian economy 2. Brazils economy by far and away the biggest one in South America 3. Relies heavily on the need for their commodity on the world stage 4. Inflationary pressures created with the debt burden 1. An extremely poor country with tremendous income disparity 2. Possess a good arsenal of potential exports but disastrous internal problems prevent development 3. Agriculture and diamond mining make up almost the entire Sierra Leonean economy 4. Heavy reliance on international aid groups

$2,400 (2010 est.)

Nigeria #142

Agriculture: 31 .9% Industry: 32.9 % Services: 35.2 % (2010 est.)

Agriculture: 70% Industry: 10% Services: 20% (1999 est.)

$10,900 (2010 est.)

Brazil #73

Agriculture: 6. 1% Industry: 26.4 % Services: 67.5 % (2010 est.)

Agriculture: 20% Industry: 14% Services: 66% (2003 est.)

$900 (2010 est.)

Sierra Leone #158

Agriculture: 49 % Industry: 31% Services: 21% (2005 est.)

Agriculture: NA% Industry: NA% Services: NA%

$59,100 (2010 est.)

Norway #1

Agriculture: 2. 1% Industry: 40.1 % Services: 57.8 % (2010 est.)

Agriculture: 2.9% Industry: 21.1% Services: 76% (2008)

1. A prosperous bastion of welfare capitalism, featuring free market activity as well as government intervention 2. The government controls key areas through enormous enterprises 3. Rich in natural resources but petroleum-reliant 4. Sovereign wealth fund kept with all state revenue from the petroleum sector

*GDP per capita: Is the money value of all goods and services produced within a country each year per person. **United Nations Human Development Index: World ranking of countries based on life expectancy, educational attainment, and GDP per capita / Purchasing Power Parity. In a couple of paragraphs (approx. 300 words), compare and

contrast the economies of these countries making reference to the information that you have collected and the notes that you have read including the Development packet.
Norway, ranked first in the annual UN Human Development Index, it shows that Norway by far has the largest GDP per capita among every country reviewed. Although Iceland took the top spot in 2008, 2009 may very well be Norways year with the economic uncertainties of the aforementioned country. Norway, being a nation with a huge GDP, as well as a very secure socio-capitalistic economy boosted by a solid sovereign wealth fund, the country is in great political and economic shape. Like other richer countries, Norway features a high tertiary (services) sector of the economy as opposed to the agriculture or industrial production. Similarly, every MEDC reviewed had the same trend; the tertiary faction, not the primary or secondary division, made up most of the countries livelihoods. The education system and life expectancy rates were both very high in the up MEDC countries of the index. The United States have, by far, the most powerful and technologically advanced economy but some measure of inequality within the American nation meant that the neither the GDP, nor the education standards, nor even the life expectancy was as high as a more unified country for example Norway. On the other hand LEDCs such as Sierra Leone, is the last place finisher in the UN study, naturally features lower and weaker statistics. Meanwhile the Canadian and Japanese economies do not have a very strong superficial appearance, but internal stability boosts them over a much more intimidating statistics of the United States. The UN Human Development Index is a great tool and serves as a very useful measuring tool for countries economies and current state of affairs. However, it cannot be relied upon using only the information given. Exterior knowledge or further research should be utilised to a more effective reading and understanding of the present situation.