Microsoft® Windows 2000® Terminal Services: Kernel Tuni

This tool is designed to help you tune the kernel on a Windows 2000-based server running Terminal Services in app
server where the Processor, RAM, Disk and Network subsystems are not bottlenecks, it may be necessary to tune
balance to allow more users to logon to the system. This spreadsheet contains instructions on how to determine th
with the complex math necessary to arrive at the appropriate value for the SystemPages registry value.

For more information on Terminal Services scaling, please see the white paper on the Windows 2000 web site at
http://microsoft.com/Windows2000/library/technologies/terminal/tscaling.asp and Knowledge-base article Q247904.

Instructions: Follow the steps below and enter the specified values in the red boxes
in the blue boxes to set the registry value and the maximum number of users.

1. Check the SystemPages value in

HKLM\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Memory
Management\SystemPages. If it is not set to 0 or 50,000 decimal, set it to 0 and
reboot. Otherwise, just continue on to step 2.
2. Break into the kernel debugger, do !reload, !vm.
3. Enter the value for Paged Pool Maximum, in Kilobytes (which is the number in
parentheses, not the first number): 160000
4. Press g in the debugger.
5. Start the Performance MMC snap-in (Start, Programs, Administrative Tools,
Performance).
6. Add the two counters from the local machine in the Memory object, "Free System
Page Table Entries," "Pool Paged Bytes".
7. Enter the value for "Free System Page Table Entries" here. The value is in PAGES
(not Kilobytes), but do not convert it to Kilobytes. 160000
8. Enter the value for "Pool Paged Bytes" here. The value is in BYTES, and again, do
not convert it to Kilobytes. 16000000
9. Now log in users performing actions with the mix of applications and actions expected
on this server. Log in at least ten, but ideally, have as many real users as possible use
the system as it will be in a production environment.
10. Enter the number of users logged in here. 10
11. Enter the value for "Free System Page Table Entries" with the users logged in
here. Value is in pages. 153000
12. Enter the value for "Pool Paged Bytes" here. Value is in bytes. 26000000

13. Set HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Memory 35387

Management\SystemPages to the following value (make sure regedit is set to decimal).

14. Set the maximum number of users that can connect to the server using the Terminal
Services Configuration utility. (Open the appropriate protocol properties dialog, and 187
choose the the Network adapter tab)
vices: Kernel Tuning Assistant

r running Terminal Services in application server mode. On a

ecks, it may be necessary to tune the Paged Pool/System PTE
nstructions on how to determine the raw data values and assists
mPages registry value.

n the Windows 2000 web site at

Knowledge-base article Q247904.

d values in the red boxes. Then use the values

m number of users.

Intermediate values

Paged Pool Per User 977 Kb

System PTE Space Per User 2800 Kb

Excess PTE space 58453 Kb

640000 Kb

15625 Kb
Maximum Users on a resource
unlimited system (theoretical 208
and optimistic):

612000 Kb
25391 Kb

Note: System Pages cannot be less than 3,000 or greater

than 50,000

<- 90% of theoretical maximum