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http://sbarnhill.mvps.org/WordFAQs/HyperlinkProbs.htm
What is a hyperlink? How to create a hyperlink o AutoFormat and AutoFormat As You Type o Insert Hyperlink button o Insert Hyperlink dialog When hyperlinks go wrong o Hyperlinks dont look like hyperlinks o Hyperlinks arent clickable o The link goes to the wrong place
What is a hyperlink?
A hyperlink is defined as an icon, graphic, or word in a file that, when clicked on with the mouse, automatically opens another file for viewing. If you were around (and paying attention) back when the World Wide Web was in its infancy,
you heard a lot about the exciting possibilities of hypertext, which is the basis for the Web. When you surf the Web with your Web browser, the http that begins the URL displayed in your browsers address bar or status bar stands for Hypertext Transfer Protocol, and HTML, the language used for Web pages, is Hypertext Markup Language. The whole idea of hypertext is that you dont have to read it linearly, like a book. It contains hyperlinks that, when clicked, instantly transport you somewhere elseanother point in the same document or Web page or another document or Web page. This is rather like turning from your current page in a book to the notes or index at the back of the book, or finding a page number in a table of contents and turning to that page, or finding a reference to another book and going and getting that book, except that the process is automated and instant. Although hyperlinks were originally created for use on the Web, they have become increasingly common in Word documents, especially those intended to be read onscreen. When you insert a table of contents (TOC) in Word 2000 or above, by default the TOC entries are hyperlinked to the corresponding headings in the text. In any version of Word the page numbers in a TOC are hyperlinked to the corresponding pages. Cross-references are also, by default, inserted as hyperlinks.
Figure 1. The AutoFormat As You Type dialog. Note: You may wonder what type of text Word will automatically recognize as something that should be a hyperlink. Word will recognize as an email address any word that contains the @ symbol, even if the email address is an expletive such as ! @#$%. It will recognize text as an URL if it begins with www. or http:// I have not been able to determine what it recognizes as a file path, though the presence of a colon and slashes might be assumed.
Figure 3. The Edit Hyperlink dialog (identical to Insert Hyperlink) When you create a hyperlink using either of the methods described above , the display text and underlying link are the same, and there is no ScreenTip. To access these features you must either use Insert | Hyperlink or Ctrl+K to open the Insert Hyperlink dialog or right-click on an existing hyperlink and choose Edit Hyperlink to open an identical dialog. If you have text selected when you press Ctrl+K or choose Insert | Hyperlink, it will be placed in the Text to display box. If you use Edit Hyperlink, the existing hyperlink becomes the default Text to display, but of course you can change it. In Word 2007/2010 the Hyperlink command, which opens the Insert Hyperlink dialog, is on the Insert tab; the Edit Hyperlink dialog may be accessed by right-clicking on an existing
hyperlink as in previous versions. The hyperlink created in Figure 3 will be displayed on screen as shown in Figure 4.
Figure 4. Hyperlink in document The underlying field code for the hyperlink can be seen by pressing Alt+F9 or checking the box for Field codes on the View tab of Tools | Options. It is shown in Figure 5.
Figure 5. HYPERLINK field code Note that the display text does not have to be text. You can use an icon or picture as a hyperlink. Just select the picture in your document and open the Insert Hyperlink dialog. The Text to display box will be dimmed (grayed out) and will display <<Selection in document>>. Words Help topic Create a hyperlink includes detailed instructions for creating hyperlinks to a variety of targets using this dialog.
Figure 6. The Hyperlink character style If you expect hyperlinks to be blue and underlined and theyre not, there are several possibilities: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Theyre not active hyperlinks (see next section). The Hyperlink style has not been applied. The Hyperlink style has been modified. The Followed Hyperlink style is in effect instead. The hyperlinks are cross-references or TOC entries.
If hyperlinks look like Figure 5 above, then you are seeing the field code instead of the field result. You can select or click in the field code and press Shift+F9 to toggle the display of that single field or press Alt+F9 to toggle all the fields in the document or clear the Field codes check box on the View tab of Tools | Options.
are three possible causes: 1. It isnt really a hyperlink. It may just be plain text with the Hyperlink character style applied. Press Alt+F9 to see if there is an underlying HYPERLINK field code. 2. You are viewing the field code (see Figure 5) instead of the field result. 3. You are using Word 2002 or 2003, which by default require you to press Ctrl while clicking in order to follow the link. If you have ScreenTips enabled (Tools | Options | View), you should see a ScreenTip such as the one shown in Figure 7. This new feature in these Word versions was intended to make it easier to edit the display text of hyperlinks. If you prefer to revert to the behavior of previous versions, clear the check box for Use CTRL + Click to follow hyperlink on the Edit tab of Tools | Options.
document) and pressing F9 to update the fields, I solved the problem. The bottom line is that if you want to change the target of a hyperlink, you must do it in three steps: 1. Change the display text (if it is the same as the target). 2. Change the underlying HYPERLINK field code. 3. Update the field. Paul DeBrino has reminded me of another issue that causes Microsoft Word to change and perhaps break your hyperlinks, by altering the link from an absolute to relative path or vice versa, when saving your Word document. After creating a hyperlink in Word, hovering over that hyperlink displays your intended path. However, once you click Save, Word may change the link to a path that is relative to the Word documents location, a virtual path that begins with / To prevent Word from changing your hyperlinks, take the following steps: 1. Click Tools | Options (in Word 2007, Office Button | Word Options; in Word 2010, File | Options). 2. On the General tab, click the Web Options button (in Word 2007/2010, this button is at the very bottom of the Advanced section of Word Options). 3. In the Web Options window, click the Files tab. 4. Clear the check box for Update links on save. 5. Click OK to save your preferences. This article copyright 2006, 2008, 2011 by Suzanne S. Barnhill, with thanks to Daiya Mitchell for her helpful comments.