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Unit 1
4 min
Essential Questions
1. Why is it important to study geography? 2. How do the 5 Themes of Geography help explain our world? 3. Why do we use globes & maps?
Unit Objectives
By the end of the unit, you will: 1. Create tools to illustrate geographical information (6.1.01) 2. Use tools to answer geography questions (6.1.02) 3. Use geographical tools to compare countries (6.1.03) 4. Use map & globe reading skills (SS.3.01)
H:
C:
C: O: C: O: O: O: C: C:
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H:
.Label the 7 Continents (C) & 4 Major Oceans .Label the Hemispheres (H) .Color the Equator - Red .Color the Prime Meridian - Green
. Color Lines of LongitudeBlue . Color Lines of LatitudeBrown . Draw a Compass Rose in the bottom right hand corner
2.5 min
Unit Vocabulary
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. latitude: the distance in degrees that a place is north or south of the Equator longitude: the distance in degrees that a place is east or west of the Prime Meridian (Greenwich, England) hemisphere: one half of the Earths sphere that is either divided by the Equator or Prime Meridian compass rose: device printed on a map showing the points of the compass measured from true north key: a table explaining the symbols & colors used in a map meridian: one of the imaginary lines joining the North & South Poles (aka longitude) parallel: any of the imaginary lines representing degrees of latitude measuring distance from the equator cardinal direction: north, south, east, & west scale: the ratio of a distance on a map to the actual distance on the ground
DEFINITION OF GEOGRAPHY
ge-og-ra-phy A science that deals with the description, distribution, and interaction of the diverse physical, biological, & cultural features of the earths surface
4 min
IN PLAIN ENGLISH
Parts of a Map
Most maps have the following elements, which are necessary to read and understand them
3.75 min
1. Title
Explains the subject of the map and gives you an idea of what information the map conveys
2. Compass Rose
1 min
a. Shows directions on a map b. Cardinal directions are north, south, east, and west c. Intermediate directions are northeast, northwest, southwest, and southeast
3. Labels
Words or phrases that explain features on the map
4. Legend or Key
Lists and explains the symbols and use of color on the map
1.75 min
5. Scale
Shows the ratio between a unit of length on the map and a unit of distance on the earth
Types of Scale
1. Verbal Expression Ex: 1 in equals 500 miles 2. Representative Fraction Ex: 1:500
3. Graphic Scale
6. Symbols
Represent items such as capital cities, economic activities, or natural resources
7. Colors
Colors represent a variety of information on a map. The map legend indicates what the colors mean.
6 min
Advantages of Maps
2 min
1. Maps are cheaper than globes 2. Maps show detail 3. Maps can show themes (thematic maps) and be used for comparing things 4. Maps can be put into a book called an atlas 5. Maps are portable
Disadvantages of Maps
1. Maps are distorted because the earth is not flat 2. Maps can distort shape, area, direction, and distance 3. This problem is somewhat solved by different map projections
1. Political Maps
Political maps show man-made features such as cities, states, provinces, territories, or countries
Physical maps help you see the type of landforms and bodies of water in a specific area
2. Physical Maps
3. Thematic Maps
Examples:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Globes
3-Dimensional representations of the earth
1. Advantages of Globes
a. Globes are more accurate than maps b. Globes are not distorted
2. Disadvantages of Globes
a. Globes are not portable b. Globes do not show detail c. Globes are more expensive than maps d. There are no thematic globes
5 THEMES OF GEOGRAPHY
5.75 min
The 5 Themes of Geography originated by the National Geographic Society to fulfill a need for geographers (people who study the earth and everything on it) to categorize knowledge about the Earth
MR. HELP!!!
Theme 1: Location
Where is It? Why is It There?
2. Relative
1. Latitude and Longitude lines are used to find absolute location. This is an exact point on the earth. 2. Relative location is NOT an exact location. People use direction and distance to give a general idea of where something is.
Absolute Location
1. 2. 3. 4. A specific place on the Earths surface Uses a grid system Latitude and Longitude A global address
North Carolina
Absolute Location North Carolina 36 N Latitude 79 W longitude
Relative Location
1. Where a place is in relation to another place 2. Uses directional words to describe
a. Cardinal Directions b. Intermediate Directions
North Carolina
North Carolina is bordered by Virginia on the north, South Carolina and Georgia on the south, and Tennessee on the west. The Atlantic Ocean forms North Carolina's east coast. North Carolina is one of the Southeastern States
3 min
1 min
A. Lines of Latitude
1. Imaginary lines that measure distance north or south of the equator and run from east to west on the map. 2. These lines are also called parallels because they do not touch.
3.25 min
B. Lines of Longitude
1. Imaginary lines that measure distance east or west of the Prime Meridian 2. Run from north to south on the map 3. Lines connect at the North and South Poles 4. Also called meridians.
Theme 2: Place
A. Physical Characteristics
1. Land Features 2. Mountains, plains, and plateaus 3. Climate 4. Bodies of Water
2 min
Theme 2: Place
B. Human Characteristics
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
2 min
How People Interact With Their Environment People . . . Adapt to Their Environment Modify Their Environment Depend on Their Environment
2.75 min
Theme 4: Movement
1. How places are linked to one another and the world 2. The mobility of:
People Goods Ideas
2.25 min
Theme 5: Regions
What Places Have in Common Examples Political Regions Landform Regions Agricultural Regions Cultural Regions
3.75 min
Unit Summary
Geography is the study of the earth and everything on it. 5 Themes of Geography MR. HELP!!!
M Movement R Regions HE Human Environment interaction L Location P - Place