Chem 111 Lab: ThermochemistryReport Form

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REPORT FORM THERMOCHEMISTRY

Your name _______________________________________________ ________/10 Your partner's name _____________________________________ PART 1. Reaction of Mg(s) with HCl(aq)
Molarity of HCl solution used (M) __________________

Grade =

Masses of Magnesium Used

Run 1 Mass of paper + Mg (g) Mass of paper (g) Mass of Mg (g) Run 2 Run 3 (if needed)

Volume of HCl (mL)

When you enter data for this experiment into the computer, enter data for only two runs. Choose the two runs that you believe are the most accurate.

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Chem 111 Lab: ThermochemistryReport Form

Temperature readings
Temperature (C) Run 1 Initial temperature of HCl solution Temperature (C) Run 2 Temperature (C) Run 3 (in needed)

After 0.5 minutes After 1.0 minutes After 1.5 minutes After 2.0 minutes After 2.5 minutes After 3.0 minutes After 3.5 minutes After 4.0 minutes After 4.5 minutes After 5.0 minutes

Maximum temperature (oC) Observed temp. change, T (oC), (T = Tmax - initial T)

Chem 111 Lab: ThermochemistryReport Form

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PART 2. Reaction of MgO(s) with HCl(aq)

Molarity of HCl solution used (M) __________________

Masses of Magnesium Oxide Used

Run 1 Mass of paper + MgO (g) Mass of paper (g) Mass of MgO (g) Volume of HCl (mL) Run 2 Run 3 (if needed)

Temperature readings
Temperature (C) Run 1 Initial temperature of HCl(aq) After 0.5 minutes After 1.0 minutes After 1.5 minutes After 2.0 minutes After 2.5 minutes After 3.0 minutes After 3.5 minutes After 4.0 minutes After 4.5 minutes After 5.0 minutes Temperature (C) Run 2 Temperature (C) Run 3 (if needed)

Maximum temperature (oC) Observed temp. change, T(C) (T = Tmax - initial T)

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Chem 111 Lab: ThermochemistryReport Form

PART 3. (a)

Calculations

The Reaction of Magnesium with HCl

Prepare a graph of your data for change in temperature (T) versus the quantity of magnesium metal. (You may use the paper provided in the laboratory and draw the best straight line through the origin of the plot and the points for runs 1, 2, and 3. OR, use computer software such as MS Excel or the plotting software on the General Chemistry CD-ROM to prepare the graph. (This is recommended because it gives you an accurate slope.) Plot the data as illustrated here. (Turn in your graph with this report.)

y (T) b = intercept

m = slope of line

y = mx + b x (Mass of Mg)

From the computer plot, record the following information: (see pages viii-x of this manual) Slope of the line = (T/g of Mg) = _________________ Intercept = _________________ (This should be about 0)

(Note: This same information can also be obtained readily from the graph done on paper.) Use your plot, or the equation developed from the plot, to calculate the temperature change for (a) (b) 0.75 g 1.0 g T = ___________ T = ___________

What is the relationship between the mass of magnesium in the reaction and the change in temperature? Comment on this relationship.

Is this a general relationship? That is, if you did some other reaction, say the reaction of HCl and NaOH, would a similar relationship be observed?

Chem 111 Lab: ThermochemistryReport Form

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(b)

Calculate H2 , the Molar enthalpy for Mg(s) + 2 H+ (aq) ! Mg2 +(aq) + H2 (g)
This uses data from PART 1 of the experiment. Run 1 Run 2 __________ __________ __________

1. 2. 3.

Mass of Mg reacting Moles of Mg reacting Mass of HCl used (assume density = 1.0 g/mL) Total mass of solution (g Mg + g HCl) Temperature change observed in Part I (T) Heat evolved by your mass of Mg (J) q = -(total mass)(sp. ht.)(T) (sp. ht. = 4.18 J/g-deg) (q is negative)

__________ __________ __________

4.

__________

__________

5.

__________ __________

__________ __________

6.

7.

Molar enthalpy change, H2 (kJ) H (kJ / mol) =

2

__________

__________

q from line 6 (J) (g Mg / 24. 3 gmol 1)(1000 J / kJ)

8.

Average molar enthalpy for reaction 2 = H2 = ____________ kJ

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Chem 111 Lab: ThermochemistryReport Form

(c)

Calculate H5 , the Molar enthalpy for MgO(s) + 2 H+ (aq) ! Mg2 +(aq) + H2 O(aq)
This uses data from PART 2 of the experiment. Run 1 Run 2 __________ __________ __________

9. 10. 11.

Mass of MgO reacting Moles of MgO reacting Mass of HCl used (assume density = 1.0 g/mL) Total mass of solution (g MgO + g HCl) Temperature change observed Heat evolved by your mass of MgO (J)

__________ __________ __________

12.

__________

__________

13. 14.

__________ __________

__________ __________

q = -(total mass)(sp. ht.)(T) (here sp. ht. = 4.18 J/g-deg and q is negative) 15. Molar enthalpy change, H5 (kJ) H (kJ / mol) =
5

__________

__________

q from line 14 (J) (g MgO / 40. 3 gmol 1)(1000 J / kJ)

16.

Average molar enthalpy for reaction 5 = H5 = ____________ kJ

(d)

Calculation of the molar enthalpy of formation of MgO(s), H1

H2 = ___________________________ kJ H3 = ___________________________ kJ (recall that H3 = -H5) H4 = ___________________________ kJ (molar enthalpy of formation of liquid H2O; to H1 = ___________________________ kJ = molar enthalpy of formation of MgO(s)

Actual value of Hf[MgO(s)] (entered by your instructor) = _______________________ kJ/mol