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Apply LT.: f(t) = t2 use I.B.

P twice, with dv=e-stdt and u=t2 first, and then dv = e-stdt and u= t second
==> L(t2) = [-e-st[(t2/s )+ (2t/s2 )+ (2/s3)]] at t = o and infinity. Assume s > 0 causes RHS limits to
converge, so L(t2) = (2/s3). f(t) = cosh2t. cosh(x/2) = sqrt[(1/2)cosh(x+1)]. square both sides to get
L(cosh2t) = (1/2) from 0 to infinity of cosh(2t) + 1dt. From laplace tables this becomes (1/2)(s/s2+4) +
(1/s). <== simplify
f(t) = sin(3t)cos(3t). use sin(x+y)=sinxcosy + sinycosx
to find: L((f)t) = (1/2)L(sin(3t + 3t)) = 3/(s2+36)
f(t) = tcos(2t). use I.B.P. with u=t and dv =
e-stcos2tdt to get from 0 to infinity [te-stcos2tdt] = (-1/(s2+4)) from 0 to infinity of e-st(2sin2t scos2t)dt
= (-1/(s2+4)[-sL[cos2t] + 2L[sin2t] = L[tcos2t] = (s2-4)/(s2+4)2
F(s) = (1/s) (2/s5/2). L-1[1/s]
5/2
-1
-1
5/2
-1
L [2/s ] = 1-L [(2 (5/2))/ (((5/2))(s ))
((5/2) = (3/4)sqrt(pi), so L (F(s))=1- (8t3/2)/

(3(sqrt(pi)). F(s) = (5-3s)/(s2+9) . = (5/3)L-1[3/(s2+9)] - 3 L-1[s/(s2+9] = (5/3)sin3t 3cos3t. x


+ x = cos3t; x(0) = 1, x(0) = 0. s2 X(s) s + X(s) = s/(s2 + 9). X(s) = (s2 +10s)/(s2+1)(s2+9) =
(9/9)(s/(s2+1) (1/8)(s/s2+9) . => x(s) = (1/8)(9cost-cos3t). x+4x+3x=1;x(0)=x(0)=0. s2X(s)
+4sX(s) + 3X(s) = (1/s). solve for X(s), factor quad. , and 1st rule partial frac. to get: X(s) = 1/
(s(s2+4s+3)= (1/3)(1/s) (1/2)(1/(s2+1) +(1/6)(1/s+3). X(s) = (1/6)(2-3e-t + e-3t). x+4x+4y=0,
y +x +2y=0; x(0)=y(0)=0,x(0)=y(0)=-1. s2X+1+2X+4Y=0,s2Y+1+X+2Y=0. X(s) = (-s2+2)/
(s2(s2+4)), Y(s) = (-s2-1)/(s2(s2+4)). Try Z(s)=As-1 +Bs-2 + (Cs+D)/(s2+4) and plug into expression
for X, multiply both sides by denominator of LHS and simplify to get X(s) = (1/4)((2/s2-3(2/s2+4)))
and get Y(s) = (-1/8)(same thing). x(t) = (1/4)(2t-3sin2t), y(t)=(-1/8)(2t+3sin2t) THRM relating
trnfrms of ints. Of f(t) to get L-1: F(s) = 1/(s(s2+4)) L-1[(1/s)(1/(s2+4))= from 0 to t of
(sin2tdt) = (-1/4)(cos2t 1)
F(s) = (2s+1)/(s(s2+9)). F=(F/s): F(s)= 2s/(s2+9) + 1/(s(s2+9)). L1
[F(s)/s] = from 0 to t of (2cos3t + (1/3)sin3tdt = (1/9)(6sin3t cos3t +1). F(s) = (1/(s2(s2-1))). 0 to t

0 to t of sinhtdtdt = 0 to t of (cosht-1)dt = sinht t.


Apply trans. Thrm. F(s) = (s-1)/(s+1)3.
3
2
3
n
n+1
F(s) = ((s+1)-2)/(s+1) =1/(s+1) 2/(s+1) , L[t ] = n!/(t ), using s-axis translation: f(t) = te-t t2e-t. F(s)
= (3s+5)/(s2-6s+25). Looks like lin. combo of L. trans. Of sin4t and cos4t translated by a=3. So, F(s) =
3(s-3)/((s-3)2+16) + (7/2)(4/((s-3)2+16), so f(t) = e3t(3cos4t + (7/2)sin4t). Use partialfrac.: F(s)= 1/(s35s2) , partial frac. decomp.: F(s) = As-1+Bs-2+c(s-5)-1. Equating for F and mult. By s2(s-5) => 1 = As(s5)+B(s-5)+Cs2. Let s=5 =>C=1/25. Let s= 0=> B=-1/5. For A=> -5A+B=0, B=-5C, so A=-C. Then, L1
[(1/25)(-(1/s)-(5/s2)+(1/(s-5))] = (1/25)(-1-5t-e5t) practice 7 q.2.1secondpart. lap solve initial:
x(4)+8x+16x=0;x(0)=x(0)=0, x(3)(0)=1. L[x(4)]=s4X-1, L[s]=s2X , so => (s2X-1)+8s2X+16X=0. X(s)=1/
(s2+4)2, so x(s) = (1/16)sin2t-2tcos2t). use conv. Thrm: F(s)=1/(s2(s2+k2)). Looks like prod. Of trans. Of t
and (1/k)sinkt, so use conv. => (1/k) 0 to t of(t-x)sinkxdx = (t/k) 0 to t of (sinkxdx) (1/k) 0 to t of
(xsinkxdx) = (kt-sinkt)/k3, so L-1[F(s)]= (kt-sinkt)/k3.
F(s)=1/((s-3)(s2+1)). Inverse should be
3t
3t
-3x
3t
e cost, so convul. of these = e 0 to t of (e cosxdx)=[(e /10)(-3cosx+sinx] at 0 and t. use IBP => L1
[F(s)]=(1/10)(3e3t-3cost+sint). Find inv. Of func.: F(s)=ln[(s2+1)/(s2+4)] recall f(t)=L-1[F(s)] where F is
L(f) , F = ((s+1)/(s2+4))[(2s(s2+4)-2s(s2+1)//(s2+4)2] , simpl. And partial frac. => F(s)= 2s/(s2+1) 2s/
(s2+4) , so L-1[F(s)]=(2/t)(cos2t-cos5t). F(s) = s/(s2+1)3. Since L[tsint] = d/ds (1/s2+1) = 2s/(s2+1)2, and
L[t2cost] = d/ds (s2-1)/(s2+1)2) = (2s3-6s)/(s2+1)3, then L-1[F(s)] = (1/8)(tsint-t2cost). Apply conv. To solv
init.: x + 4x +13x= f(t);x(t)=(1/2) 0 to t of ((1/3)f(t )sin3 d ; with x(0) =x(0)= 0. s2X(s)+4sX(s)
+13X(s)=F(s) => X(s) = F(s)/(s2+4s+13) = (1/3)F(s)3/((s+2)2+9) , so x(t) = (1/3)f(t)e-2tsin3t= (1/3) 0 to t
of (e-2tauf(t- )sin3d). find L-1: F(s)=( s(1+e-3s))/(s2+pi2). F(s) =[ s/(s2+pi2)] + [(se-3s)/(s2+pi2)] = L[cos(pi t)
+ e-3sL[cos(pi t)]. .. t-axis translate on 2nd term then inverse lap. => f(t) = cos(pi t) + u(t-3)cos(pi)(t-3) =
[1-u(t-3)]cos(pi t). can write as 2 functions: f(t) = cos( pi t) for 0 t <3, and 0 for t 3. find lap.: f(t) =
0 for 0t <1, t3 for 1 t 2, 0 for t>2. => f(t) = (u(t-1) u(t-2))t3 = u(t-1)g(t-1) u(t-2)h(t-2) , let g(t) =
(t+1)3 and h(t)=(t+2)3. then, F(s) = e-sG(s) e-2sH(s). expand (t+1)3=t3+3t2+3t+1 and
(t+2)3=t3+6t2+12t+8, and use L[tn]=n!/tn+1 to get F(s) = [(s3+3s2+6s+6)e-s (8s3+12s2+12s+6)e-2s]/s4 use
thrm relatn peridc fnctns + their lap trans. toshow that the square wave func. given as f(t) =
[1 for t ((n-1)a,na , 0 for t (na, (n+1)a] n Z and n>1. with p=2a and f(t) = 1 if at2a , then , L[f(t)]
= [1/(1-e-2as)] 0 to a of (e-st1dt)= [1/(1-e-2as)]*[(-e-st)/s]at=0 = 1/(s(1+e-as). solve. init.: x''+2x+x=t+
(t);x(0)=0, x'(0)=1. => s2X -1 +2sX+X=1+s-2. => X(s)=(2s2+1)/(s2(s+1)2) = (-2/s) +(1/s2) +(2/(s+1)) +
(3/(s+1)2). use table => x(t)=-2+t+2e-t+3te-t. x''+9x= (t-3pi)+cos3t;x(0)x'(0)=0. =>s2X +9X = e-3pi s+
s(s2+9)-1. divide by (s2+9). since L-1[s/(s2+k2)2] = (1/2k)tsinkt. , then x(s) = (1/6)tsin3t + (1/3)u(t-3pi)sin3t.
Consider mass m, init. at rest at origin, receives impulse p at t=0. find sol. x(t) of: mx''=pd0, (t);
x(0)=x'(0). rewrite=> d0, =(p/)(u(t)-u(t-)) so that ms2X= (p/)[(1/2)-(e-epsilon*s/s)]. divide by s2 and taxis trans. =>mx(t)= (p/2)[t2-u(t-)(t-)2]. Show lim-->0x(t) agree with sol. of : mx''=p(t);
x(0)=x'(0)=0. if t expand (t-3)3 to get => mx(t)= (p/2)(t2-t2+2-2)=(2t-)/2p , so as -->0, mx
-->pt. Show mvm(dx/dt)=p for t>0. t --> 0 , so, for t 0mv=(mx)' = (pt)' = p. use methds find
gen. sol., part. if init.: x'=-2y, y'=2x; x(o)=1, y(0)=0. => x''=-4x, so x''+4x=0, so x(t) = Acos2t +
Bsin2t, so y(t) = -Bcos2t + Asin2t. use x(0)=1 =>A=1, use y(0) = 0 => B=0, so x(t) = cos2tm, y(t) =
sin2t. x'= -y, y'=13x +4y; x(0)=0, y(0)=3. => x''-4x'-13x=0 =>charac.=>(r+2)2+9=> r= 2 3i, so
x(t)=e2t(Acos3t+2Bsin3t). use x(0)=0 =>A=0 ==> x(t)=Be2xsin3t, y(t) = -x' = -Be2t(3cos3t +2Bsin3t). use

y(0)=3 => B=-1, so then x(t) = -e2tsin3t, y(t) = e2t(3cos3t+sin3t). Show degenerate. Determ. if
infinite sol. or no sol.: (D+2)x +(D+2)y= e-3t and (D+3)x +(D+3)y=e-2t. subtract 2nd from 1st to get
x+y=e-2t e-3t, so pick any x(t)y and auto.determ. by formula, so infinite sol.. (D2+5D+6)x + D(D+2)y=0
and (D+3)x+Dy=0. 1st is just : (D+2)[(D+3)x+Dy] = (D2+5D+6)x +(D2+2D)y =(D2+5D+6)x+ D(D+2)y.
infinite. sol. since can pick any x(t), integrate y and find sol. with an arb. const.. Calc. Oper. Det. to
Determ. # const. in gen. sol. atempt solve to find gen sol: (D2+D)x+D2y=2e-t, (D2-1)x+(D2+D)y=0
take difrnce of eqns: (D+1)x+Dy=2e-t, to find (D2+D)x +D2y=-2e-t. <==says 4e-t=0 so impossible, no sol.
verify given vectors r sols. to system. use Wronsk. show lin. depend. write gen. sol.: ((42||-3-1))
a) W(t)= (2et)(-e2t)-(e2t)(-3et)=e3t not 0. gen sol. is of form: x=c1x1+c2x2= [2c1et+C2e2t ||-3c1et-c2e2t], so x1=
[2et||-3et]'=[2et||-3et]=[4 2||-3 -1][2et||-3et] and x2=[e2t||-e2t]'=[4 2||-3 1][e2t||-e2t]. B) W(t) = det [1st
row |e2t 0 0 * 1 1 0| 2nd row: |0 e-t 0 * 1 0 1| 3rd row: |0 0 e-t * 1 -1 -1| = 3 =not 0. gen sol. will
be x= c1x1 +c2x2 +c3x3 = [c1e2t+c2e-t||c1e2t+c3e-t||c1e2t-c2e-t-c3e-t]. let Z= upperandlower triang. matrix, then
the linearly independent sols. satisfy x1'= Z[1||1||1]e2t , x2'= Z[1||0||-1]e-t , x3'= Z[0||1||-1]e-t. conv
(1/2) sin2 ish ==> x(t) = (1/2)f(t)*sin2t=(1/2) int. 0 to t of (f(t-tau)sin2taudtdau. inverse of F(s) =
ln[(s-2)/s+2)] f(t) = (-1/t)L-1[F'] = (1/t)(e2t-e-2t)

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