Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
BRUSOV
The textbook is accredited and recommended for publishing by the Science Council of YSLU
Editorial Board:
The present textbook of practical phonetics is designed for the firstyear students of English faculties and departments. It consists of 10 units. Each unit is composed of a variety of phonetic exercises, dialogues and texts. The aim of the textbook is to develop and improve the listening, comprehension and pronunciation skills of the students.
ISBN
978-9939-56-019-9
The Developing Listening Skills and Pronunciation is a complex of phonetic exercises concentrated on ear-training. The exercises explore the range of sound types available in speech, paying particular attention to British English. Students learn to produce and recognize speech sounds in different phonetic contexts, and develop basic listening skills. An important aim of the manual is to enable students to appreciate how native and non-native speakers of a language produce speech sounds under varying phonetic conditions, and to note how they relate to standard phonetic descriptions of English. This will equip them with the basic tools necessary to undertake practical analyses of speech in the context. Students as well as foreign-born speakers who want to reduce their accent and improve their listening skills can benefit from the Developing Listening Skills and Pronunciation.
Contents
DEVELOPING LISTENING SKILLS ....................................................... 1 AND PRONUNCIATION............................................................................ 1 UNIT I.......................................................................................................... 5 LISTENING COMPREHENSION .................................................................... 9 HOTEL SERVICES ...................................................................................... 9 UNIT II ...................................................................................................... 22 LISTENING COMPREHENSION .................................................................. 26 IN FLIGHT ............................................................................................... 26 UNIT III .................................................................................................... 33 LISTENING COMPREHENSION .................................................................. 37 TRAVELING ............................................................................................. 37 UNIT IV..................................................................................................... 45 LISTENING COMPREHENSION .................................................................. 50 BUSINESS ................................................................................................ 50 UNIT V ...................................................................................................... 67 LISTENING COMPREHENSION .................................................................. 71 SHOPPING ............................................................................................... 71 UNIT VI..................................................................................................... 77 LISTENING COMPREHENSION .................................................................. 81 FOOD AND DRINK ................................................................................... 81 UNIT VII ................................................................................................... 90 LISTENING COMPREHENSION .................................................................. 94 TELEPHONE CONVERSATIONS ................................................................. 94 UNIT VIII.................................................................................................. 97 LISTENING COMPREHENSION ................................................................ 100 AT THE AIRPORT................................................................................... 100 UNIT IX................................................................................................... 107 LISTENING COMPREHENSION ................................................................ 111 ENTERTAINMENT .................................................................................. 111 UNIT X .................................................................................................... 114 LISTENING COMPREHENSION ................................................................ 119 CULTURAL DIVERSITIES. ...................................................................... 119 4
1. Fat [f:t] [ft] [fa:t] 2. rock [rk] [rk] [r:k] 3. their [o] [eI] []
4. mouth [ma] [m] [ma:] 5. both [b:] [bo] [b] 6. comb [kom] [kam] [keIm]
Exercise II a. Listen and repeat the following words. Pay attention to their pronunciation: Group 1 []: am - cat - Japan - bag - thanks - packet - fat - that Group 2 [a:]: hard - artist - car - grass - arm - calm - father Group 3 []: about - Saturday - Japan - grammar - cassette - woman Group 4 [:]: fall - small - saw all b. Which groups do these words go in? (Write: 1 - 2 - 3 - 4 ) grandmother ball cathedral bad America dark talk sat can Brazil c. Now listen and check.
tomato park call accident again war have strawberries ask dance
man are half apple bank March walk hat cant warm
Exercise III a. Cross the silent letters in the following words and transcribe them. 1. sign 2. honest 3. cupboard 4. salmon [ [ [ [ ] ] ] ] 5. receipt 6. knee 7. half 8. whistle [ [ [ [ ] ] ] ]
1.
television
[] []
6.
June
[] []
2.
Jew
[] []
7.
pleasure
[] []
3.
manager
[]
8.
revision
[]
[]
4. occasion
[] [] 5. January [] [] 10. soldier
[]
9. orange
[] []
[] []
Exercise I. Listen to Edgars conversation at the hotel. Tick () the facilities Edgars room has. Facility King-size bed Bath Shower Yes No
TV
In-room movies
1.
Where is the situation? a. at the restaurant b. at the airport c. at the hotel restaurant d. at the hotel reception
2.
When does she plan to check-in? a. tomorrow morning b. tonight c. in a fortnight d. in two hours
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3.
How long does she plan to stay? a. a week b. a fortnight c. a month d. four nights
4.
What kind of room does she want? a. double b. twin c. single deluxe d. single
5.
How is she going to pay? a. by a Cirrus Maestro Card b. by transfer c. in cash d. by a MasterCard
11
Exercise III Listen to the dialogue. Circle the right answer. 1. Where does she call? a. room service b. car service c. laundry service d. delivery service 2. What does she want? a. something to eat b. to find the city map c. a hairdryer d. an iron 3. What does she order to drink? a. white wine b. red wine c. whiskey d. cherrydans 4. What wine brand does she prefer? a. Burgundi b. California Chardonnay c. Bordeau d. Chateau 5. How long does it take to bring the order? a. five minutes
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b. twenty minutes c. half an hour d. fifteen minutes Exercise IV Vancouver: Alicia is checking in. Pearl Li is at reception. a. Listen to the dialogue and underline anything that is different. Pearl: Alicia: Pearl: Alicia: Pearl: Alicia: Pearl: Good evening, maam. Good evening. I want to check in. Do you have a booking? Yes, I do. What name? Romero. Alicia Romero. Just a moment... I dont have your surname on the list. Alicia: Try my company. Thats Sagebrush Tours.
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Pearl:
Ah, yes. I have it here. Sagebrush Tours, 1276 Market Street, San Diego. Ms Romero. A double room for ten nights.
Alicia: Pearl:
Thats right. And the rooms reserved on your MasterCard card. Are you paying with that card?
Alicia: Pearl:
Yes, I am. OK, I just need you to complete this application form.
Alicia: Pearl:
Thank you. Uh, sorry, whats the date today? March 12th.You is in room 1631.
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Car Services
Exercise I Natalie Trudeau is at the Federal U.S.A. car rental office in the airport terminal. Read the conversation and complete the sentences. Then listen to the recording and compare.
Natalie Trudeau:
Yes, maam. For ..? For three days. All right. Where .to leave the car?
Natalie Trudeau:
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Clerk:
Sure you can our cars at any of our offices. What kind of car ?
.. see your brochure? .. . Uh, its not important really. . this one?
Clerk:
Natalie Trudeau:
Clerk:
Sure. Ill take both. Right, can you check these two boxes, and put your initials here, and again here.
Clerk:
Thats fine. Would you be interested in our Federal Charge Card? It can be used at any federal Rental Office.
Natalie Trudeau:
Exercise II Listen to the dialogues. a. b. Decide whether the statements are true or false. Fill in the blanks with the correct variants
False
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Exercise III Listen to the conversations and fill in the blanks. Conversation A Clerk: Edgar: Clerk: Hello. Do you have a _________________? Yes. Young. Edgar Young. OK, Mr. Young, I have it right here. May I see your __________________________? Edgar: Clerk: Edgar: Clerk: There you go. And this is your current home address? Thats right. May I have a ________________________ ___________________________________? Edgar: My home number or my hotel in San Diego?
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Whatever. Home. 604-559-4173. Are there any other drivers? No. ____________________. How are you paying for this? ___________________. Visa. There you go. Thank you. What about collision damage waiver and personal accident________________?
Edgar: Clerk:
Yes, I want both of them. OK. Could you sign your name hereand _____________ here. Thanks. The car has a full tank of gas. You can return it full, or we can fill it for you.
Conversation B
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Edgar: Clerk:
Fine. Do you have a ____________? Yes. There you go. These are the keys. The cars in the __________________. Its a white Pontiac Achieve. You can find it in bay 39.
Edgar:
Clerk:
Edgar:
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1.
business
5. to live
[
aI
2.
tower [ ou ]
6. palace
3.
ocean [ ou ]
7. a life
[ aI ]
22
4.
parliament
8. to show [ ou ]
None of the above answers None of the above answers
[I] []
[eI]
23
6.
cloth [ ] []
7.
tooth [ ] []
8.
another [ ] []
24
4. weather [ ] [] 5. with [ ] []
b. Now listen and check.
9.
thin [ ] []
10.
brother [ ] []
Exercise IV. a. Each word contains one or two silent vowels or consonants. Fill in the blanks with a letter or letters with no sound: Example :
what
25
26
Exercise II Jeff Kramer has to change planes in Denver. Listen to the announcements during his flight to Denver.
Announcement 1 Listen, and check () the correct boxes. a Theyre on a Boeing 767. Theyre on a Boeing 747.
They have just taken off. They havent taken off yet.
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They cant smoke at the moment. They cant smoke at all during the flight.
Announcement 2 Listen, and check () the correct boxes. a They have just taken off. They havent taken off yet.
Mr. Kramer must be worried about his connection. Mr. Kramer has nothing to worry about.
Announcement 3 d e The passengers will have lunch in a few hours. The pilot hopes theyll be less than 30 minutes late.
Announcement 4 Are these statements true () or false (X) ? a b They havent landed yet. They have just landed.
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Exercise III Conversation A Hiroshi is Japanese. He is on a flight from Tokyo to Vancouver. Listen to the conversations. Fill in the blanks. Flight Attendant: Salmon, chicken or ______________? Hiroshi: Flight Attendant: Hiroshi: Flight Attendant: Hiroshi: Flight Attendant: _________________, please. Anything to drink? Yes. Water, please. Still or ___________________? _____________, I dont understand. This is Evian. Its still. And this is Perrier. Its ________________. Hiroshi: Oh, yes. Evian, please.
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Conversation B Alicia is flying from San Diego to Vancouver. Flight Attendant: Alicia: Flight Attendant: Alicia: Flight Attendant: Alicia: Flight Attendant: Alicia: Flight Attendant: Alicia: Tea or coffee? ___________________, please. _______________ or decaffeinated? Regular. ________________ or sugar? Cream, please. No sugar. There you go. __________________. For you, sir? No, thanks. Im fine.
Exercise IV Listen to the arrival record. a. Underline what is different from what you hear. b. Listen again and give the correct answers above the lines.
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and in block capitals. Section 1: write your name dont forget the
birth date. First the month, then the year, and finally the day. Section
Flight 177 write BA 177. For British Airlines Flight 210, write AA
210. In 8, write the city where you are living now, and in section 9,
the city where you boarded this flight. For section 10, look at your
serial number in your passport. Write the city where the visa was
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given, and in section 11 the date of your visa. Again write day, then
month, then year. Section 12 is your first address in Britain put the
number and street here. In section 13, write the city and the state. Put
Exercise V Listen to the dialogue and circle the right answer. 1. a. What does the voice remind the passengers? that they should avoid sleeping on the flight flight. c. That they should fasten their seat belts 2. Why doesnt Edgar follow the rules? a. he didnt hear the announcement b. he is working on an important document c. he is in the middle of an interesting computer game. 3. Why should Edgar turn off his computer? a. its dangerous for the passengers
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b. it may interfere with the airplanes equipment c. he will have to pay a fee 4. Edgar is traveling by a. Air France b. Air Alaska c. Air Canada
1.
fruit [ u: ]
6.
sugar [ u: ]
2.
woman [ u: ]
7.
school [ u: ]
3.
June [ u: ]
8.
look [ u: ]
4.
could
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9.
push
[ u: ] 5. pull [ u: ] 10. do
[ u: ]
[ u: ]
b. Now listen and check. Exercise II a. Listen and repeat the following words. Pay attention to their pronunciation:
Group 1 [I]: his - it - big - is - sing - dictionary - many Group 2 [aI]: my - right - night - ninety - bike - hi - ice Group 3 [3:]: bird - thirty - birthday - girl first
b. Which groups do these words go in? - (Write: 1 - 2 - 3) video Its English Brazil like
1
write tie why five
c. Now listen and check. Exercise III a. Tick the correct variant. Note: [] (silent letter no sound)
1.
Scissors
[]
4. talk
[]
[ : ] [] [] [e]
[I] 6. guilty
[] [ a: ]
[] 3. Blouse
[] [b]
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[]
[I]
[]
b. Now listen and check. Exercise IV a. Match the following words with the stress patterns: potato, award, teacher, receive, unhappy, eleventh, evening, banana, language, director, forgetful, forget, beginner, politely, bottle, disgusting, unwilling, funny, decide, industrious, begin, believe, summer, honey
happy
appear
tomato
36
(Vienna)
buy some souvenirs
visit the museums and galleries write some postcards fly home go to the Opera do some shopping take a tram find a cheap hotel lose a wallet stay with friends have a meal in a smart restaurant meet some New Yorkers read the English newspapers make friends with local people relax in the parks listen to a concert
38
(Budapest)
Man ___________________________________________
Woman ________________________________________
b. Listen again and tick the things they have seen or the places they have visited. kangaroos surfing beaches Sydney Opera House Lake Constance a ski resort Moscow mountain scenery Zurich Red Square the Kremlin
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a. Listen to the conversation and number the places as Duncan mentions them.
Machu Picchu Amazon. Santiago jungles Lima South America Sugar Loaf mountain Valparaiso Rio
40
b. Listen to the conversation again. Try to remember what Duncan plans to do in each place. Put the number of the place by what hes going to do there. lie on the beach spend a week in the jungle visit the ruins go round the museum do some sightseeing take the cable car up the mountain stay in a hotel buy some souvenirs meet his girlfriend hire a car travel by coach learn to dance the samba
41
Exercise IV a. You are going to listen to a doctor talk about what you should and shouldnt do to stay healthy when you travel. Match the complaints with the advice.
Complaint
1. Jet lag
Advice
a. Drink lots of water. b. Dont spend all day in the sun.
2. Stomach upsets
4. Sunstroke
Exercise V Its Wednesday May 30th. Alicia is talking to Simon about her trip. Listen to Alicia. a. Put a tick () if the statement is true and a cross (x) if it is false.
42
False
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
43
8.
44
b. Which groups do these words go in? - (Write: 1 - 2 - 3 - 4) feel later welcome French brother yesterday very
me species
letter twelve
a. Read the following groups of words. Which word in each group has a different sound? Fill in the blanks in the following exercise with them:
beard - dear - heard - hear lion - million - billion - millionaire fruit - suit - juice - built horse - history - story - cord arrived - lived - needed - joined asks - rubs - sails - rains wanted depended - watched - waited country - young - youth - couple b. Now listen and check.
46
Exercise III a. Tick the correct variant. Note: [] (silent letter no sound)
1. chocolate
4. business
[] [: ]
[] 2. night 5. screen
[] [I] [ i:]
[] [g]
[ gh ] 3. climb 8. design
[] [s]
[k]
[] [b]
[]
[g]
child friend
brother English
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we
beach
six age
c. Now listen and check.
twelve
1.
nine
6.
telephone
[ ] [n]
2. wrong 7. single
[ ] [n] [ ] [n]
8. machine
[ ] [n]
3. thanks
[ ]
48
[ ]
[n]
4. nationali ty 9. many
[n]
[ ] [n]
5. since 10 . monkey
[ ] [n]
[ ] [n]
b. Now listen and check.
[ ] [n]
49
Dr. Santos is attending the Sixth International Convention of Civil Engineers. He has just registered. Dr. Santos: Excuse me, ___________________________ where the Convention Secretarys office is? Sophie: Sure. Go down the hall, turn right, and its the first door on your left.
50
Dr. Santos:
Thank you. Now what did you say? _______________________________________ Ill find his door __________________________ . Oh, here it is. James McGovern Convention Secretary.
James McGovern:
Dr. Santos:
James McGovern:
Dr. Santos:
me to _________________________ ? James McGovern: Oh, about ten or fifteen ________________. You _______________________________ a warm welcome in the name of the engineering profession and perhaps say ___________________________________ about the purpose of the convention. Dr. Santos: James McGovern: Dr. Santos: Sure, I can do that. Thats great. Ill leave it to you, then. All right. ____________________ and prepare _____________________________. James McGovern: Fine. _______________________________ at dinner. Dr. Santos: ___________________________________.
b. Listen to the recording and compare. Exercise II a. Read the conversations and complete the sentences, using the expressions from the box below.
52
Conversation A
Consuela Rodriguez: Well, good-bye, Ryan. Dont forget, _______________________________ _______________________________ Ryan Thomas: I will. ______________________________?
Consuela Rodrguez: Oh, yes. It was fine. Except for the last few days. Its been full of people for the Engineers Convention!
Conversation B
Max Devereux: So, __________________________ in
53
Seattle. Michael Robertson: Yes. Ill report back to my bosses in Toronto tomorrow, and ______________________ . Max Devereux: I certainly think we can do business together, Michael. Michael Robertson: I hope so.
Conversation C
Bell Captain: Wilbur Meeks: Bell Captain: Excuse me! Mr. Meeks! Ah, yes? The Front Desk Manager wants to speak to you before you leave, sir. Wilbur Meeks: ______________________________ ___________ . Bell Captain: ____________________________ ___________ sir. Theres something about a cleaning charge for your carpet
54
Conversation D James McGovern: Thank you again, Dr. Santos. _____________________________ _____________________________ ________________ . And thank you for your impressive speech! Joao Santos: Well, _______________________ . _____________________________ __________________________ James McGovern: Joao Santos: Thats what Im here for. Well, _______________________ . _____________________________ __________________________ Good-bye.
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Expressions: its been nice to meet you. Ill call your secretary to arrange a meeting. Ill look forward to seeing you. Im in a hurry. I have a plane to catch. if you are ever in Mexico City, you should come and see us. thank you for all your help. And well see you again next year? Its been a pleasure having you here. It will only take a moment. I hope the hotel was OK.
Exercise III. Wilbur Meeks is a sales representative. Last week he signed a contract with Burlingham Inc. He wrote a report for the Chief Executive of his company. Yesterday the Chief Executive asked to see him. Listen to the recording, then answer questions a-h in the box.
56
a. Whose office was it? ___________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ b. Was the Chief Executive angry? __________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ c. Why was Wilbur Meeks surprised?________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ d. What was the Chief Executive happy about? ________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ e. Did he know Wilbur well?_______________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ f. Was the contract worth $100,000? ________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________
57
g. How much was it worth? _______________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ h. What was the mistake in Wilbur Meeks report? ______________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________
Exercise IV Listen to the conversations. Underline anything that is different. A Job Interview
Conversation A Ms. Dukakis: Come in. Mr. Lo, isnt it? Please, have a seat. Mr. Lo: Ms. Dukakis: Mr. Lo: Thank you. Did you have a good journey? Yes, thanks. I came up from San Diego the day before yesterday. Ms. Dukakis: And did you find a nice hotel?
58
No. Im staying at a resort in Oakland. Oh, thats all right, youre from the Bay area, arent you?
Mr. Lo: Ms. Dukakis: Mr. Lo: Ms. Dukakis: Mr. Lo:
Yes. I was born and raised in Oakland. When did you leave? I went to school in L.A. That was in 1988. So, where are you presently working? Soledad Computers in San Diego. Have you been there?
Ms. Dukakis:
No, not really. How long have you been with them?
Mr. Lo:
Ms. Dukakis:
59
Mr. Lo:
Id like to do some traveling. I want to use my job. computer skills, and I want a funny
Ms. Dukakis:
Yes. I see here that you speak Turkish and Spanish. Puede usted traducirmelo?
Excuse me? Can you say that once again? Thats OK. Do you want to live closer to your parents?
Mr. Lo:
Thats not the reason why I want this job. But yes, I'd like to live in this city again.
Ms. Dukakis:
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Ms. Danziger:
Thank you. Did you have a nice trip? It was OK. I got in on the late flight last night.
Ah, youre from Los Angeles, arent you? I live in L.A. at the present time, but Im originally from New York. Of course, Im not often in L.A. Ive been to nine countries this year.
Tell me about your previous job. Im a secretary for a book publisher Travel Books Incorporated. We sell travel books and maps. I travel around North America. You see from my resume that I
61
speak Russian and Deutch. I majored in Russian for my Masters degree and then Ms. Dukakis: Ms. Danziger: Where did you get your degree? I got it from the University of Moscow. But, before that, I did my Bachelors at the University of Amsterdam. Ms. Dukakis: How long have you been with your Travel Books? Ms. Danziger: Three years. Before that I was with the Disney company for a year in Florida, and before that I worked at a public stationary company in Dallas for ten months. Ms. Dukakis: Ms. Danziger: Have you ever sold perfume? No, but selling is selling. It's all the same to me.
62
And do you speak any Asian languages? No, but I learn fast. I majored in languages. Now, I want to ask you some questions about this job ...
Exercise V Listen to the conversations and fill in the blanks. Conversation A Jack Hudson is at the offices of Pacific Rim Cruises. Its Friday May 26th. Marsha: ________________, theres someone at the door. Come in! Jack: Good morning, Ms. Irving?
63
Marsha:
Jack:
Marsha:
Oh, yes. Youre very ___________excuse meStefan, can I ______________? I have a ___________. OK. In about twenty minutes.
Conversation B Jack: Marsha: Jack: I just want to try this. ________________________? I want you to try a ____________ of Absolutely Arizonabefore I say anything.
64
Marsha: Jack:
OK. Mm. Yes, its all right. All right? This is the best ____________________________ in North America. Its produced and _____________ in Arizona, and
Did you say Arizona? Yes, maam. I did. But Arizonas one of the ___________ statesits ______________, isnt it?
Jack:
Its not all desert. This comes from high in the mountains.
Marsha:
Jack:
I can give you a very special deal we have a lot of Absolutely Arizona here in Vancouver. We can __________________ immediately. You can try it out on your next ______________.
Marsha:
Im sorry, Mr. Hudson. Youre _______________ your time. You see, I just _______________________ for our next cruise. Sorry.
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1. use, uses
6.
ring, rings
[s] [z] [ Iz ]
2. tell, tells 7. live, lives
[s] [z] [ Iz ]
3. pass, passes
[s] [z] [ Iz ]
4. write, writes 9. hope, hopes
[s] [z] [ Iz ]
5. run, runs
[s] [z] [ Iz ]
67
[s] [z] [ Iz ]
b. Now listen and check. Exercise II. Transcribe the following words. Be careful! They all have silent letters.
1. castle 2. foreign 3. bomb 4. heart 5. sandwich 6. knowledge 7. island 8. psychology 9. knock 10. hymn
[ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [
] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ]
68
b. Now listen and check. Exercise III a. Group the following words according to the vowel sounds they contain. break, done, small, bud, pray, boot, paid, sort, son, nut, look, good, rose, fork, nose, foot, talk, made, cut, smoke shoot, walk, owes, port, broke, lady.
[]
[:]
[]
[eI]
[o]
b. Now listen and check. Exercise IV a. Each word contains one or two silent vowels or consonants. Fill in the blanks with silent letters:
69
castle climb should horse are word wrong b. Now listen and check.
70
Listen to the dialogue, circle the right answer. 1. Where is the situation? a) at a restaurant b) at a library c) at a department store
71
3. What colour sweater did the customer want? a) green b) blue c) yellow 4. How did the green sweater fit the customer? It was a) too small b) too tight c) too big 5. What colour sweater did the assistant suggest? a) green b) pink c) red Exercise II Listen to the dialogue and answer the questions.
72
Exercise III Consuela Rodriguez is in Los Angeles on business. She has some spare time on her first morning, and she has come to the Drake Mall to do some shopping. Listen to the four conversations, then listen again and complete the chart.
73
Conversation Which store What did she Who was How much was she in? buy? it for? did she spend? 1
74
Alicia: Assistant:
These _______________are really beautiful. Yes, they are. Theyre _____________ Native American designs, made of pure ________, and theyre made here in Alaska.
Alicia:
need
some
throws
for
my
___________________but I need more than one. Assistant: Alicia: Assistant: How many do you need? __________, maybe three. Well, theyre $______ each but I can give you a ____________________. Alicia: Assistant: Really? How much? $________ for the three.
75
Alicia:
Assistant:
San Diego? Sure. Thats no problem. Theyre really nicebut I dont know. We won __________ you for hipping. OK. Its a _______. Do you take American Express?
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1. rained
6.
begged
[t] [d] [ Id ]
2. started 7. hoped
[t] [d] [ Id ]
3. arrived
[t] [d] [ Id ]
4. helped 9. walked
[t] [d] [ Id ]
5. visited
[t] [d] [ Id ]
77
[t] [d] [ Id ]
Exercise II
a. Notice how you pronounce the definite article the, put these words into correct columns: the event, the game, the office, the train, the bouquet, the airport, the service, the order, the hour, the opportunity, the harvest, the edge, the manager, the olives, the interpreter, the twins, the force, the pleasure, the exhibition, the possibility.
//
/I/
78
b. Now listen and check. Exercise III a. Tick the correct variant. Note: [] (silent letter no sound)
1. knee
6.
calm
[] [k]
2. listen 7. thought
[] [l] [] [g]
8. key
[]
[s] 3. talk
[]
[l] 4. enough 9. knife
[] [k] [] [k]
10. kill
[]
[f] 5. build
[]
[ u: ] 79
[] [k]
b. Now listen and check. Exercise IV a. Which word doesnt belong to the group?
[i:]
sit
cat - bag - hand - dark - bad hot - doctor - wrong - stop - sport money - mother - home - some - nothing glass - talk - father cant - park video - pencil - tennis - men - bed think - field - this - Italy - big forty - more - short - born - actor June - curly - fruit - true - flu name - orange - train - plane - they five - like - live - fine nice
80
81
82
Dialogue 1
A:
B:
You three go and sit down and Ill get the orders.
A:
B:
A:
Yes, please.
C:
B:
A:
No, thanks.
C:
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Dialogue 2
A:
B:
A:
B:
A:
84
B:
A:
b. Listen again and correct the dialogues above. Write the corrections above the words and phrases you underlined. Exercise III. Listen to three people giving their orders. Note what they order and the words they use for requests.
85
86
Exercise IV. Listen to Jack and the server. Answer the questions:
a. Would he like vanilla or chocolate ice cream? ___________________________________ b. How much is it? ___________________________________ c. What bill does Jack offer the server? ____________________________________ d. Can the server make change? ____________________________________ e. Does Jack have anything smaller? _____________________________________
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Exercise V Listen to the dialogue and circle the right answer. 1. What does Jeff Kramer want to order? a. fish b. chicken c. pork 2. What dish is special for today? a. mashed potatoes b. French fries c. green beans 3. What dressing does Jeff prefer? a. rice b. sauce c. green beans 4. What else does Jeff want with his meal? a. mineral water b. a roll c. cheese 5. What does the Counter Help suggest instead of pecan pie. a. ice-cream b. currant jelly c. choc manger
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Exercise VI Listen to the conversation and circle the right answer. 1. Where is the situation? a. at a department store b. at a restaurant c. at a hotel reception desk 2. Which of the food stuff mentioned by the waiter is a usual ingredient for a pizza? a. clam chowder b. spinach c. mozzarella 3. What polite expression did the waiter use to repeat the question? a. Pardon me b. Excuse me c. Sorry 4. What did Kenji order? a. spinach and egg salad b. spinach and bacon salad c. spinach and bacon omelet 5. What did the waiter decide to do to solve the situation? a. to prove that Kenji had really ordered clam chowder b. to eat the clam chowder himself c. to bring the salad.
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Exercise II Listen and repeat the following words after the speaker, insert them into correct columns. helps, bosses, meets, does, sends, catches, eats, drugs, churches, pictures, animals, buses, actors, matches, bushes, wants, Bushs, James, legs, cats, maps, Roberts.
[s]
[z]
[Iz]
Exercise III a. Tick the correct variant. Note: [] (silent letter no sound)
1. sign
6.
every
[] [g] [ j]
2. high 7. cupboard
[] [I] [e]
[]
[g] 3. autumn 8. island
[] [p]
[] [n] []
4. honour 9. home
[] [s] [z]
[]
[h] 5. half 10. hour
[] [h] []
[h]
[]
[l]
b. Now listen and check.
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Exercise IV a. Group the following words so that they match the stress patterns in the table. infamous dinosaur enjoyment excel begin Banana Imply Mountain Passage Arrive calendar cluster eternal before worry statement kingdom countless defeated history
.
angry
.
forget
..
successful
emptiness
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a. informing of a flat to buy. b. informing of a flight delay. c. informing of arrangements to go to a concert. d. changing a lunch appointment. b. Listen again and take the messages. Phone call 1
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Exercise II Listen to the telephone conversation and circle the right answer. 1. What number did Edgar call? a. 322-7844 b. 321-7844 c. 323-7844. 2. What did Tania say when she answered Edgars call?
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a. Beauty Salon. This is Tania. Can I do something for you? b. Beauty Salon. This is Tania. May I help you? c. Beauty Salon. This is Tania. Can I be of any service to you? 3. Where did Edgar reach when he dialed the number? a. the hotel reception b. beauty salon c. hotel restaurant. 4. What didnt Edgar reach the place he wanted? a. because he didnt dial the outside line number b. because he didnt know the number c. because he wanted to precise the number from the receptionist 5. What is the internal line number? a. 32 b. 9
c. 22
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1. newspaper
4. Cookie
[ u: ] [ ju: ] []
2. uniform 5. few
[ u: ] [ ju: ] [] [ u: ] [ ju: ] []
6. rule
[ u: ] [ ju: ] []
3. use
[ u: ] [ ju: ] []
b. Now listen and check.
[ u: ] [ ju: ] []
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Exercise II a. Write the word containing the given sound in the box.
chips - film - very - leave - build - university are - bank - wash - farm - ugly - name - fly heart - dance - aunt have - park - mustnt stand - fat - sea - what - sun - large - lunch Run - busy - you - book - university - laugh pull - fruit - woman good - Sunday forty more - short - born - actor June - curly - fruit - true - flu Lion - meet - field - live - life - suitable without - brother - bathroom - father - this three bath - ninth - thanks - weather - both
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Exercise III a. Tick the correct variant. Note: [] (silent letter no sound)
1. straight
6.
Bought
[] [ gh ] [g]
2. sky 7.
[]
[k] 3. could
[] [l]
[] [I] [e]
4. listen
9.
Seaside
[]
[t] 5. whole 10. Champagne
[] [d] [] [g]
[]
[l]
b. Now listen and check.
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Security:
Please put all carry-on _______________ on the conveyor . . . Please put all carry-on luggage on the conveyor. Step right this way, maam. This way, sir. (Beep) Please __________ your pockets and go through again, sir. (Beep) Please step this way, sir. Pardon me, what do you have in this pocket?
Jeff: Security:
Oh sorry, just some _____________. Thats fine. Thank you, sir. Please put all carry-on luggage on the conveyor. Step right this way
Woman: Security:
Woman:
Security:
You can give the _______________ to me, maam. It doesnt have to go through the ______________.. Please put all carry-on luggage on the conveyor. Step right this way
Jeff goes to pick up his briefcase. Security (2): Would you mind opening your ______________, sir? Jeff: Security (2): No, not at all there you go. Would you mind ___________________ the Walkman? Jeff: Oh, sorry.
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Listen to the recording. Where did Wilburs suitcase go? Check the boxes. Put a tick () before the cities the suitcase has appeared in and a cross (x) if it didnt.
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Rome
Bologna
Exercise III Listen to the conversation and try to complete Tadashis answers to the Immigration Inspectors questions.
Airport Arrivals
Immigration Inspector:
Immigration Inspector:
__________________________ Fine. Here is your passport back. __________________________ Welcome to the United States. Enjoy your stay.
Exercise IV
Edgar Young is at LAX. Listen to the conversations and circle the right answer. 1. Where is the flight to? a. Paris b. Vancouver c. Vienna 2. Which class check-in is it spoken about in Conversation A? a. Coach Class
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b. Economy Class c. Business Class 3. Which is Edgar's flight to Vancouver? a. Flight CA 455 to Vancouver b. Flight CA 485 to Vancouver c. Flight CA 489 to Vancouver 4. How many pieces of baggage does Edgar have? a. three pieces b. two pieces c. four pieces 5. Where is the Clerk asking Edgar to put his baggage? a. on the scale b. on the conveyor c. carousel 6. What kind of sportsmen are flying to Vancouver? a. Sumo wrestlers b. arm wrestlers c. football players 6. What kind of seat does the Clerk suggest to Edgar? a. an isle seat
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b. a window seat c. a middle seat 7. The empty seat is between a. two journalists b. two lawyers c. two Sumo wrestlers 8. Where is the flight boarding? a. at Gate 33 b. at Gate 35 c. at gate 32
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tomato mountain favourite umbrella university cinema Japanese Polish science restaurant
workbook lion dictionary computer television biology banana coffee shampoo sandwich
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fourteen firefighter history footballer telephones English Italian hamburger b. Now listen and check.
Exercise II a. Which word in each group has a different sound? Fill them in the blanks.
wears - does - loves - knocks stayed - looked - pulled -weighed look - good - blood - foot
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dead - mean - bread - head rented - landed - assisted - opened thought - around - sound - house York - born - Ford Oxford lives - reads - writes begs b. Now listen and check. Exercise III a. Tick the correct variant. Note: [] (silent letter no sound)
1. mountain
6.
hen
[] [] []
2. house 7. scissors
[]
[h] [j] 3. business
[] [I]
[] [g]
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[ i: ]
4. gift 9. chocolate
[]
[g] [w] 5. pig 10. who
[] [ : ] [] [] [h] [j]
[]
[j] [g]
b. Now listen and check.
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She can swim quite ____________ but she can't swim very ___________. Shes quite a _____________ dancer. She cooks very____________. She drives too _____________ in town and too ____________ on the motorway. Shes a ______________ driver.
c.
Exercise II a. Listen to six people answering a question about their perfect weekend. Put the number of the question they answer by the name of the speaker.
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113
walkman
mineral water
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Exercise II a. Which word in each group has a different sound? - Fill them in the blanks.
kissed - smiled - studied - agreed day - days - say - says agrees - makes - stops - cooks though - brought - ought - thought night - fifth - sight - climb museum - use - music - busy moon - food - foot - poodle
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jeans - steak - sea - weak studies - runs - wishes - goes played - helped - laughed - walked
b. Now listen and check. Exercise III a. Tick the correct variant. Note: [] (silent letter no sound)
1. night
6.
screen
[] [ gh ] [g]
2. secretary 7. Tuesday
[]
[] [] 3. color
[]
[ ]
[] [b]
[]
4. talk 9. dog
[]
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[]
[]
[h]
b. Now listen and check. Exercise IV a. Transcribe the following words.
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The English names of the months of the year originated in Roman times. January, for instance, is named after _________________, the god of ___________________ . He had two faces, so that he could see who or what was coming and who or what was going. February comes from the Latin verb februare which means _______________ . The Romans thought that the cold and frosts of winter purified the Earth. In addition to purification, the Romans considered this to be the month of sacrifices. March was named after Mars, the Roman god of ____________________ . There was no fighting during the winter and this month was the start of the year for soldiers. The word April comes from the Latin verb aperire, which means ____________________ . This is the month which is associated with re-birth and growth, when trees open their leaves. May is named after Maia, who was the mother of Hermes, and was the goddess of . This is the month when things start to grow. June
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is named after Juno, the goddess of _______________ and the queen of the gods. During the reign of Julius Caesar, the calendar was changed. As a result of the changes, the fifth month of the year, Quintils, and the sixth month, Sextilis, become the seventh and eight months of the year and the months of May and June were introduced for the first time. Subsequently, in 44BC, the Roman senate changed the name of the seventh month to Julius in honour of the Emperor. Later on, ______________ became emperor and was very annoyed that the Senate named a month after his predecessor, ________________ thought he was just as important as Juius, so he changed the name of the eighth month in his own honour. Which brings us to the last four months of the year. Before the addition to the months of May and June, September, October, November and December were the seventh, eighth, ninth and tenth months of the year. The prefixes sept, oct, nov, dec are all from the Latin words for _____________ . b. Now listen and check.
Exercise II Listen to the information about American place names and answer the questions. 1. Which of these is the nickname for New York City?
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a. b. c. d.
The Hot Potato The Cold Turkey The Big Apple The Big Banana
2. Which of the following is the nickname for Hollywood? a. Tinseltown b. The Dream Machine c. The Film Factory d. Disneyland 3. Which of the following is the nickname for Chicago? a. The Wet City b. The Windy City c. The Cloudy City d. The Snowy City 4. What is the state of Texas known as? a. The Big Star State b. The Lone Star State c. The One Star State d. The Little Star State 5. Which of these US state names is the Spanish word for red? a. California b. Nevada c. Montana d. Colorado
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Exercise III a. Listen and decide how many people in A day in the life of the USA are speaking. b. Listen again and find out what they do at these times: Speaker 1: 8.00am 1.00pm 6.30pm 11.30pm Speaker 2: 8.15am ________________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________
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Exercise IV a. Listen to Karen, who lives in Hong Kong and Pat, who lives in San Francisco, talking about a typical breakfast, lunch and dinner.
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Pat.
Karen Typical breakfast Typical lunch Pat You
Typical dinner
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c. What do you have for a typical breakfast, lunch and dinner? Complete the You column in the chart.
Exercise V a. Listen to Barry, who is Australian, talking about an important event in Australia. b. Now answer the questions in the Australia column.
Australia
Whats it called? When does it take place? Where does it take place? When did it first take place? What happens? I sit a public holiday? Are there any other interesting features?
Your country
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c. Choose an important day in your country and complete the column Your country.
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Bibliography
1. Carney E., (1995). A Survey of English Spelling. London: Routledge. 2. Catford J., (1994). A Practical Introduction to Phonetics. 3. Celce Murcia M., Brinton D., Goodwin J. Teaching Pronunciation A Reference for Teachers of English to Speakers of other Languages. (1996). Cambridge University Press. 4. Gimson A., (1962). An Introduction to the Pronunciation of English. Edward Arnold. 5. Greenall S. (2006). Reward Elementary Students Book. Macmillan Heinemann. 6. Greenall S. and Pye D. (2006). Reward Elementary Practice Book. Macmillan Heinemann. 7. Greenall S. (1994). Reward Pre-Intermediate Students Book. Macmillan Heinemann. 8. Viney P. (1996). Basic Survival. Heinemann. 9. Viney P. and Curtin J. (1994). Survival English. Heinemann. 10. www.foniks.com 11. www.nextup.com 12. www.phon.ucl.com
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Computer design by the Computer Center of YSLU after V.Brusov (Cover design and illustration by H.Tovmasyan and M.Kocharyan) Signed for publishing Handed in for publishing 22.05.09 25.05.09 Circulation: 150
____________________________________________________________________________ Lingva Publishing House Yerevan State Linguistic University after V.Brusov Address: 42 Toumanyan, Yerevan 0002, Armenia
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