Anticipations:

Gods Kingdom during the Second-Temple Era

Rafael Rodrguez, PhD Johnson University 3 November 2011

Anticipations:
Gods Kingdom during the Second-Temple Era

Anticipations:
Gods Kingdom during the Second-Temple Era Next Week in Chapel: A Sermon about Something or Other
by Dr. Carl Bridges

The Greek Text behind the KJV

Rafael Rodrguez, PhD Johnson University

From Greek Text to Jewish Sects

Rafael Rodrguez, PhD Johnson University

Anticipations:
Gods Kingdom during the Second-Temple Era Jews of the Second-Temple era didnt know what to expect, but they knew to expect something.

Anticipations:
Setting the Stage [Three facts] dominated Jewish history in the sixth and fifth centuries [BCE]: the fall of Jerusalem and the ensuing exile in Babylon; the return from the exile and the restoration of the Jewish community;
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Anticipations:
Setting the Stage And the continued dispersion of a large number of Jews. George W. E. Nickelsburg
Jewish Literature between the Bible and the Mishnah, 8

Anticipations:
Setting the Stage
The destruction of Jerusalem and the exile meant the disruption of life and the breaking up of institutions whose original form was never fully restored [emphasis added]. Much of postbiblical Jewish theology and literature was influenced and sometimes governed by a hope for such a restoration:

Anticipations:
Setting the Stage
a return of the dispersed; the appearance of a Davidic heir to throw off the shackles of foreign domination and restore Israels sovereignty; and the gathering of one people around a new and glorified temple. George W. E. Nickelsburg
Jewish Literature between the Bible and the Mishnah, 14
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Anticipations:
Setting the Stage
Jews of the Second-Temple era didnt know what to expect, but they knew to expect something.

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Anticipations:
Soundings from Second-Temple Judaism
Tobit
gives a tithe (one-tenth) of his income to the poor gives a tithe to care for widows, orphans, and gentile converts buries the abandoned dead
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Anticipations:
Soundings from Second-Temple Judaism
Tobit
taken into exile to the Assyrian city, Nineveh hunted by the Assyrian king, with his possessions confiscated
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Anticipations:
Soundings from Second-Temple Judaism
Tobit
I did not know that there were sparrows on the wall; their fresh droppings fell into my eyes and produced white films. I went to physicians to be healed, but the more they treated me with ointments the more my vision was obscured by the white films, until I became completely blind (Tob. 2.10).
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Anticipations:
Soundings from Second-Temple Judaism
Tobit
Blessed be God who lives forever, because his kingdom lasts throughout all ages (Tob. 13.1). Exalt him in the presence of every living being, because he is our Lord and he is our God; he is our Father and he is God forever (Tob. 13.4; my emphasis).

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Anticipations:
Soundings from Second-Temple Judaism
Tobit
A bright light will shine to all the ends of the earth; many nations will come to you from far away, the inhabitants of the remotest parts of the earth to your holy name, bearing gifts in their hands for the King of heaven. Generation after generation will give joyful praise in you; the name of the chosen city will endure forever (Tob. 13.11).

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Anticipations:
Soundings from Second-Temple Judaism
11QMelchizedek
Gen. 14.1820: Melchizedek blesses Abram; receives a tithe Psa. 110: the Davidic king is a priest in the same vein as Melchizedek
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Anticipations:
Soundings from Second-Temple Judaism
11QMelchizedek
The LORD makes this promise on oath and will not revoke it: You are an eternal priest after the pattern of Melchizedek (Psa. 110.4).
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Anticipations:
Soundings from Second-Temple Judaism
11QMelchizedek
liberty will be proclaimed for them, to free them from the debt of all their iniquities (11QMelch. 2.6). atonement shall be made for all the sons of light and for the men of the lot of Melchizedek (11QMelch. 2.8) 19

Anticipations:
Soundings from Second-Temple Judaism
11QMelchizedek
Melchizedek will carry out the vengeance of Gods judgments, and on that day he will free them form the hand of Belial [i.e., the chief demon] and from the hand of all the spirits of his lot (11QMelch. 2.13).
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Anticipations:
Soundings from Second-Temple Judaism
11QMelchizedek
This is the day of peace [ym hashalm] about which he said through Isaiah the prophet, who said, How beautiful upon the mountains are the feet of the messenger who announces peace,
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Anticipations:
Soundings from Second-Temple Judaism
11QMelchizedek
the messenger of good who announces salvation, saying to Zion: your God reigns (11QMelch. 2.15 16).
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Anticipations:
Soundings from Second-Temple Judaism
11QMelchizedek
The suffering and oppression of those who held strongly to their faith could not go on forever.

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Anticipations:
Soundings from Second-Temple Judaism
11QMelchizedek
The Jews at Qumran turned to their sacred biblical traditions in order to think about how (and when) God would bring salvation to his people.
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Anticipations:
Soundings from Second-Temple Judaism
11QMelchizedek
11QMelchizedek begins with an interpretation of the Jubilee, the year of release and the forgiveness of debts Jesus and his followers Jesus announces the year of jubilee (or the year of Gods favor) in Luke 4.19

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Anticipations:
Soundings from Second-Temple Judaism
11QMelchizedek
11QMelchizedek turns to Melchizedek to explain how God will judge evil and vindicate the faithful Jesus and his followers Hebrews turns to Melchizedek to explain how Jesus serves as the priest who offers the ultimate sin offering for Gods people
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Anticipations:
Soundings from Second-Temple Judaism
11QMelchizedek
11QMelchizedek quotes Isa. 52.7 to describe the day of peace [ym hashalm] that Melchizedek announces Jesus and his followers Paul quotes Isa. 52.7 to describe how God has sent messengers to proclaim the gospel to everyone, everywhere
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Anticipations:
Soundings from Second-Temple Judaism
11QMelchizedek
11QMelchizedek quotes Dan. 9.25 to speak of an anointed prince who will come and confirm the covenant of God with his people Jesus and his followers Jesus refers to himself as the Son of Man, a phrase that comes from Daniel 9 for the heir to Davids throne
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Anticipations:
Gods Kingdom during the Second-Temple Era Jews of the Second-Temple era didnt know what to expect, but they knew to expect something.

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Anticipations:
Gods Kingdom during the Second-Temple Era

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