Skolverket: NpMaA VT99 Part I-II

NV-College - Sjdalsgymnasiet

(National Agency for Education)

National Test in

MATHEMATICS
Course A Spring 1999

Stockholm Institute of Education Skolverket 1999

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 Skolverket: Suggested Solutions NpMaA VT99 Part I-II

NV-College

The National Agency for Education, referring to 4 kap 3 Sekretesslagen, emphasises that this material is to be kept confidential. This material is confidential until the end of November 1999

National Test in MATHEMATICS COURSE A Part I Spring 1999

Instructions Test time Resources Test material The test 120 minutes for part I and II without a break maximum of 30 minutes for part I The formula sheet is attached to the test. No Calculator is allowed for part I The test material should be handed in with your solutions. The answers to the part I must be submitted before having any access to a calculator. Part I is made up of 24 problems. For all of the problems in part I Only an answer is required After each question the maximum number of points possible is shown. For example (0.5/1) indicates that the question can give 0.5 g-points and 1 vg-points. Try all of the problems. It can be relatively easy, even at the end of the test, to earn some points for a partial solution or presentation. Name: ________________________ School: ________________________________

Adult education/secondary school program: ____________________________________

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 Skolverket: Suggested Solutions NpMaA VT99 Part I-II 1. Which number is the smallest? Ring your answer.
1.01 1.002 1.101 1.11 1.02

NV-College (0.5/0)

Answer: 1.002 2. How many minutes is 0.25h ? (0.5/0) Answer: 0.25h = 0.25 60 min = 15 min (0.5/0)

3.

How many percent of the figure is shaded? Ring your answer.

4 8

4 9

5 9

4 18

5 18
Answer:

5 18

4.

Study the number series and give the missing number. 3 5 8 12 ___ 23

(0.5/0)
30

Answer: 17 5. A fee of 60 kr is 15% . Find the new fee. x = 60 kr + 6 kr + 3 kr = 69 kr 69 kr (0.5/0) Answer:

6.

The insect is photographed in the scale 5 : 1 . How large is the insect in the real life? (0.5/0)

x=

35 mm = 7 mm 5

Answer: 7 mm

7.

Give two integer numbers less than ten such that when divided by one another using a calculator the following result is produced. (0.5/0)

Answer: 4 3 =

4 = 1.33333333 3

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 Skolverket: Suggested Solutions NpMaA VT99 Part I-II

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8.

Calculate 3 16 ?

(0.5/0) Answer:

3 16 = 3 4 = 12 3 16 = 3 4 = 12
9. What is one- third of 3.3 106 ? 1 3.3 10 6 6 3.3 10 = = 1.1 10 6 3 3

(0.5/0) Answer:

1 3.3 106 = 1.1 106 3

(0.5/0)

10. Which one of the following calculations produces largest result?

0.98 300 300 / 0.98 300 / 0.94 300 0.94

Answer: 300 / 0.94

11. Kalles way to the school is a km . Fredrik must walk 2 km longer than Kalle to go to his school. Write an expression for Fredriks way to the school. (0.5/0) Answer: a + 2 km 12. Solve the equation 4 ( x + 7 ) = 36 . 36 4 ( x + 7 ) = 36 x + 7 = x+7 =9 x =97 x = 2 4 13. a = 3 and b = 2 . Find the value of a. 5a + b a b3 b.
a. b.
5a + b = 5 3 + 2 = 15 + 2 = 17

(0.5/0)
Answer: x = 2

(0.5/0) (0.5/0)
Answer: 5a + b = 17 Answer: a b 3 = 24

a b 3 = 3 23 = 3 8 = 24

14. Macaronis are going to be packed in plastic bags containing 0.75 kg each. Which one of the following calculations would you use to find the number of 0.75 kg packages (0/0.5) that would be sufficient to pack 6 kg macaronis? Ring your answer.
6 / 0.75 0.75 / 6 0.75 6 6 0.75 6 + 0.75 Answer: 6 / 0.75

15. Based on CPI with how many percent have prices increased between 1980 and 1989? (0/0.5) Year 1980 1989

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 Skolverket: Suggested Solutions NpMaA VT99 Part I-II CPI (consumer price index) 100 259

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Answer: 159 % 16. The price of the apple is proportional to its weight. Find the values of a and b . (0/1)

Weight (kg) 3 5 a Price (kr) 27 27 = 9 kr / kg 3 27 a = 5 = 5 9 = 45 kr 3 72 b= = 8 kg 9

b 72

Answer: a = 45 kr Answer: b = 8 kg

17. Perfumes are sold in bottles that hold 5 ml . To how many of these bottles 1 lit perfume is sufficient? (1/0) 1 1000 n= = = 200 bottles Answer: n = 200 bottles 5 5 10 3 18. In the figure below AB is an straight line. The angle x is twice as large as the angle y . How large is the angle y ? (1/0)

x + y = 180 180 2 y + y = 180 3 y = 180 y = y = 60 Answer: y = 60 3 x = 2 y

19. The diagram below illustrates the distribution of the grades in a class. How many percent of students got the grade MVG? (1/0)
12 10 Number of students 8 6 4 2 0 IG G Grades VG MVG

Grade Number of students Percent IG 2 8% G 11 44% VG 8 32% MVG 4 16% Sum 25

Answer: There are 25 students in the class. Only 4 students got MVG.
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 Skolverket: Suggested Solutions NpMaA VT99 Part I-II

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Therefore:

4 = 0.16 = 16% got MVG. 25

Answer: 16%

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 Skolverket: Suggested Solutions NpMaA VT99 Part I-II

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20. Write a negative number in all of the parentheses so that the equality is valid. ( ) + ( ) = 14 a. b. ( ) ( ) = 6
Answers: ( 10 ) + ( 4) = 14 a. ( 4) ( 10 ) = 4 + 10 = 6 b.

(1/0) (0/1)

21. How many percent is the base of the triangle, in the figure below, larger than its height?

h
1.2 h

(0/1) Answer: 20%

22. Ring in the one which is the smallest. 0.3% of 1 kg 2% o of 1 kg 5 000 ppm of 1kg Answer: 3 0.3% of 1kg = kg = 0.03 kg 100 2 2% o of 1 kg = kg = 0.002 kg 1000 5 000 5 000 ppm of 1kg = kg = 0.005 kg 1000 000 2 kg = 0.002 kg is the smallest. Answer: 2% o of 1 kg = 1000

(0/1)

23. The diagram below illustrates the price of two different products as a function of the weight of the product. How large is the difference in the price per one kilogram of the products? (0/1)
Answer: y1 = 90 x y1 (1) = 90 1 y 2 = 70 x y 2 (1) = 70 1 y1 y 2 = 90 70 = 20 kr / kg 1 y1 y 2 = 20 kr / kg
1300 1200 1100 1000 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 Weight (kg)

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Price (kr)

 Skolverket: Suggested Solutions NpMaA VT99 Part I-II 24. With the help of the figure below find the value of sin 75 .

NV-College (0/1)

75
0.26 dm

1.0 dm

15
0.97 dm
sin 75 = 0.97 = 0.97 1.0
Answer sin 75 =

0.97 = 0.97 1.0

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 Skolverket: Suggested Solutions NpMaA VT99 Part I-II

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The National Agency for Education, referring to 4 kap 3 Sekretesslagen, emphasises that this material is to be kept confidential. This material is confidential until the end of November 1999

National Test in MATHEMATICS COURSE A Spring 1999 Part II

Instructions

Test time Resources Test material The test

120 minutes for part I and II without a break. Calculator and formula sheet. The formula sheet is attached to the test. The test material should be handed in with your solutions. The test is made up of 11 problems. There are different versions of problem 9. Your teacher is going to inform you which one of those you are going to solve. You are going to solve just the one your teacher has chosen and none of the other version of problem 9. Most of the problems are long-answer problems, where a short answer is not sufficient, but it is required that you write down what you do that you explain your train of thought that you draw figures when necessary. Some of the problems (where it is stated Answer required only) need only an answer. After each question the maximum number of points possible is shown. For example (2/3) indicates that the question can give 2 g-points and 3 vg-points. Try all of the problems. It can be relatively easy, even at the end of the test, to earn some points for a partial solution or presentation. It is possible to earn a maximum of 61 points in the test.

Name: ________________________

School: ________________________________

Adult education/secondary school program: ____________________________________

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 Skolverket: Suggested Solutions NpMaA VT99 Part I-II

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1. An admission to the Malins Gym costs 80 SKr . On the other hand, a season card costs 900 SKr . Calculate minimum number of times attending the Gym such that buying the season-card is financially sound. (2/0)
Suggested solutions:

900 = 11.25 . 80 If one is planning to attend the Gym more 12 times per season, then it is beneficial to purchase the season card. Answer: 12 (2/0)

2. Rain water is collected in a cylindrical barrel. The height of the barrel is 1.1 m and its diameter is 60 cm . All measurements are innermeasure. How many litter water may a completely full barrel hold.
Suggested solutions:

r=

60 cm = 30 cm = 3 dm 2
(1/0)
2

h = 1.1 m = 11 dm
V = r 2 h = (3.0 ) 11 = 99 dm 3 310 litter Answer: V 311 litter

(0/1) (1/0)

3. En film varar lngre p bio n p TV. P bio visas film med hastigheten 24 bilder per sekund och p TV med 25 bilder per sekund. Filmen Titanic r 175 minuter lng p bio. How many minutes is Titanic shorter on TV? (2/1) Suggested solutions:

t=

175 60 24 = 10 080 sec = 168 min 25

(1/0) (1/0)

t = 175 168 = 7 min

Answer: It is 7 minutes shorter on TV. (0/1)

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 Skolverket: Suggested Solutions NpMaA VT99 Part I-II

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4. The length of a rectangle increases by 10%, simultaneously its width decreases by 10%. Only one of the following alternatives true! Which one? Motivate your choice by calculations and figures. Its area does not change. Depending on the original size of the width and length of the rectangle, its area may increase or decrease. Its area decreases. Its area always gets larger. (2/2) Suggested solutions:
Lets denote the length of the original rectangle by l , and its width by w . The dimensions of the new rectangle then will be 1.10 l and 0.90 w . The area of the original rectangle is:
A = lw

0.90w
1.10 l

The area of the new rectangle is:

Anew = (1.10l ) (0.90 w) Anew = 0.99l w = 0.99 A

Answer: The area of the new rectangle is always less than the original one: Anew = 0.99 A (2/2)

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 Skolverket: Suggested Solutions NpMaA VT99 Part I-II

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n where S is 2 the number of sleeping hours in 24-hours and n is the age of the child in years. a. Anton is four years old. How many hours per day, according to the formula, does he need to sleep? b. Using the formula plot a graph that may be used to find a childs sleeping need as a function of his/her age. c. In what age-interval may the formula be valid? Motivate your choice. (3/4) d. Describe in everyday language the meaning of the formula. Suggested solutions:
5. A childs sleeping need may be approximated by the formula S = 15
a. b. c.

d.

n 4 2 S = 15 S = 15 = 15 2 = 13 h Answer: Anton Age Sleep need (h) 2 2 0 15 needs 13 hours of sleep in 24 hours. (1/0) 1 14,5 See the graph below. (1/2) 2 14 n 3 13,5 S = 15 h is valid in the interval 14 n > 0 . The lower 4 13 2 5 12,5 boundary is obvious; the upper boundary of 14 years 6 12 is based on the general scientific minimum daily 7 11,5 recommendation of 8 hours sleep for everybody. 8 11 9 10,5 (1/1) 10 10 n 11 9,5 S = 15 h the need for sleep for a child According to 2 12 9 13 8,5 decreases as the child gets older. A new born baby 14 8 needs to sleep 15 hours per day, two years old child needs 14 hours of sleep, etc. The data is also presented in the table below. (0/1)

S = 15

15,0 14,0 Sleep need (h) 13,0 12,0 11,0 10,0 9,0 8,0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 Age (years)

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 Skolverket: Suggested Solutions NpMaA VT99 Part I-II

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6. The weight of a newborn baby, from the moment of being born up to his/her tenth week, changes according to the figure below. e. What was the babys minimum weight? Only an answer is required f. How large was the babys average increase in weight from the point she/he was two weeks old, to the point she/he is 10 weeks old. g. Write a formula that expresses the weight of the baby in the interval 2-10 weeks as a function of time. (3/3)

6100 5900 5700 5500 5300 5100 4900 4700 4500 4300 4100 3900 3700 3500 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Age (weeks)

Suggested solutions: a. b. Answer: Babys minimum weight was: 3 700 g . (1/0) 5 600 3800 g 1800 g = = 225 g / w 230 g / w 10 2 w 8 w Answer: Babys average increase in weight in the interval 2-10 weeks was: 230 g / w . (2/1) Answer: y = 230 ( x 2 ) + 3800 g (0/2) 10 x 2 where y gram is the weight of the baby in the time interval 2-10 weeks, and x is the age of the baby in weeks.

c.

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Weight (g)

 Skolverket: Suggested Solutions NpMaA VT99 Part I-II

NV-College

7. The average salary of the 15 employees of a company is 15 800 kr / month , and their median salary is 16 000 kr / month . After two new people were hired the average monthly salary of the companys workers increased to 16 000 kr / month even though the salary of one of the new hired worker was less than 15 800 kr / month . h. Suggest reasonable monthly salaries of the newly hired employees. i. The median monthly salary of the employees of the company did not change after the two newly hired workers joined the company. Explain why. (2/3) Suggested solutions:
a. Assuming the monthly salary of the newly hired employees as x and 15 000 kr / month : 15 (15 800 ) + 15 000 + x =17 (16 000 ) x =17 (16 000 ) 15 000 15 (15 800 ) x = 20 000 kr / month Answer: The individual monthly salaries of the two newly hired employees could be 15 000 kr / month and 20 000 kr / month . (1/2) Second method: The total salary of the two newly employed workers must be: x + y = 17 16 000 15 15 800 = 35 000 kr / month Therefore the monthly salaries of the newly hired ones could be could be 15 000 kr / month and 20 000 kr / month . (1/2) Answer: Due to the fact the monthly salary of one of the newly hired workers were less than the median salary of 16 000 kr / month , and the other one were more than that the median salary did not change after hiring the new workers. (1/1)

b.

8. Every day under September 1998 the amount of rain in a region in North Jmtland is measured. In the diagram below the results of the measurements are presented Under how many days rained more than 10 mm ? a. Only an answer is required Somebody mistakenly claims that The diagram b. illustrates that under the first few days most of rain rained. Describe what type of error is made in this statement. How much did rain in September 1998 in the of c. the interest in North Jmtland? (2/3) Suggested solutions:
a. b. Answer: Under 7 days rained more 10 mm (1/0) The person is reading the diagram incorrectly. He/She possibly identifies the horizontal axis by mistake days of the month. The xaxis is the amount of the rain not days of the month. Moreover, he/she identifies the y-axis as the amount of rain. The vertical axis is the frequency (number) of the days that a certain amount of rain rained. (1/0) c. V = 15 2.5 + 8 7.5 + 6 12.5 + 22.5 = 195 mm (0/3) Answer: 195 mm rained in September 1998 in the region of the interest.

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 Skolverket: Suggested Solutions NpMaA VT99 Part I-II

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The first episode of the new TV-soap-opera Scum was watched by 9. A 80 000 people. It has become a successful program and the number of its watchers increases at the rate of 6% per week. j. How many people watch the program after two weeks? k. With how many percent has the number of people who watch the soap-opera increased after five weeks? l. After how many weeks has the number of people who watch the soap-opera doubled? (4/3) Suggested solutions:
a. 80 000 (1.06 ) = 89 888 90 000 Answer: After two weeks the number of people who watch the TVsoap-opera increased to about 90 000 people. (2/0) b. First method: (1.06)5 = 1.338 1.34 Answer: The number of people who watch the soap-opera increased after five weeks is increased by 34% . (2/1) Second method: 5 80 000 (1.06 ) = 107 058 107 058 107 058 80 000 27 058 = = 0.338 0.34 = 34% 80 000 80 000
2

2,0 log(1.06 ) = log 2 n log(1.06 ) = log 2 1,5 log 2 1,0 n= 11.896 12 n = 12 log(1.06) 0,5 Second method: Graphical 0,0 method 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 n (1.06 ) = 2 may be solved n (Weeks) graphically. To solve it using a n graphic calculator (TI-83 or higher) , we may plot Y 1 : (1.06 ) , and Y 2 : 2 on the same frame, and using the facilities 2nd calc intersect find the n solution of (1.06 ) = 2 . According to the graph illustrated above n = 12 Answer: After 12 weeks number of Scum-watchers are doubled. Third method: Numerical Method n To solve (1.06 ) = 2 , we may do the following: write 1.06 ENTER Ans 1.06 ENTER ENTER ENTER .tills the calculator shows a number just above 2, i.e. 2.012196 . The number of ENTER s is the solution of the problem, i.e. n = 12 . (0/2)

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Number of the "Scum" Watchers

c. (1.06 ) = 2 First method:(May be ignored for now) The analytical method of solving this problem involves logarithms which is part of mathematics course C. 2,5 (1.06 )n = 2
n

(1.06 )n = 2

 Skolverket: Suggested Solutions NpMaA VT99 Part I-II

NV-College

9:B

Jonny bought a second-hand Harley Davidson for 60 000 kr . The salesman claimed that the of value of the motorcycle increases in value at the rate 4% per year. a. How much is it value after two years? b. c. With how many percent does its value increase after five years?

After how many weeks has its value doubled? (4/3) Suggested solutions:
60 000 (1.04 ) = 64 896 65 000 kr Answer: After two years the value of the Harley Davison is increased to 65 000 kr . (2/0) b. First method: (1.04)5 = 1.217 1.22 Answer: After five years the value of the Harley Davison is increased by 22% . (2/1) Second method: 5 60 000 (1.04 ) = 72 999 73 000 kr 72 999 60 000 12 999 = = 0.217 0.22 = 22% 60 000 60 000

a.

2,0 log(1.04 ) = log 2 n log(1.04 ) = log 2 1,5 log 2 1,0 n= 17.673 18 n = 18 log(1.04) 0,5 Second method: Graphical 0,0 method 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 n n (Years) (1.04 ) = 2 may be solved graphically. To solve it using a n graphic calculator (TI-83 or higher) , we may plot Y 1 : (1.04 ) , and Y 2 : 2 on the same frame, and using the facilities 2nd calc intersect find the n solution of (1.04 ) = 2 . According to the graph illustrated above n = 18 Answer: After 18 years the Harley Davison is doubled in value. Third method: Numerical Method n To solve (1.04 ) = 2 , we may do the following: write 1.04 ENTER Ans 1.04 ENTER ENTER ENTER .tills the calculator shows a number just above 2, i.e. 2.02582 . The number of ENTER s is the solution of the problem, i.e. n = 18 . (0/2)

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Value of "Harley Davison" (SKr)

c. (1.04 ) = 2 First method:(May be ignored for now) The analytical method of solving this problem involves logarithms which is part of mathematics course C. 2,5 (1.04 )n = 2
n

(1.04 )n = 2

 Skolverket: Suggested Solutions NpMaA VT99 Part I-II

NV-College

9:D

Maria borrows 30 000 kr to starts her own business. She is not going to pay back any part of her loan for 20 years when it is expected that the business is fully established and profitable. The annual interest on her loan is 6% . a. How much is Marias loan after two years? b. c. With how many percent has her loan increased after five years? How long does it take for her loan to be doubled? (4/3)

Suggested solutions: a. 30 000 (1.06 ) = 33 708 33 700 kr Answer: After two years Maria owes 33 700 kr . (2/0) b. First method: (1.06)5 = 1.338 1.34 Answer: After five years the amount Maria owes is increased by 34% . Second method: 5 30 000 (1.06 ) = 40 147 40 150 kr 40147 30 000 10147 (2/1) = = 0.338 0.34 = 34% 30 000 30 000
2

(The amount Maia's loan)/(original loan)

a. (1.06 ) = 2 First method:(May be ignored for now) The analytical method of solving this problem involves logarithms which is part of mathematics course C. 3,5 (1.06 )n = 2
n n
3,0

log(1.06 ) = log 2 2,5 n log(1.06 ) = log 2 2,0 log 2 1,5 n= 11.896 12 n = 12 1,0 log(1.06) 0,5 Second method: Graphical 0,0 method 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 n (Years) (1.06 )n = 2 may be solved graphically. To solve it using a n graphic calculator (TI-83 or higher) , we may plot Y 1 : (1.06 ) , and Y 2 : 2 on the same frame, and using the facilities 2nd calc intersect find the n solution of (1.06 ) = 2 . According to the graph illustrated above n = 12 Answer: After 12 years Maria owes doubled as much. (0/2) Third method: Numerical Method n To solve (1.06 ) = 2 , we may do the following: write 1.06 ENTER Ans 1.06 ENTER ENTER ENTER .tills the calculator shows a number just above 2, i.e. 2.012196 . The number of ENTER s is the solution of the problem, i.e. n = 12 .

(1.06 )n

=2

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