Algebra Readiness Test

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Mathematics Department July 29, 2003

Instructions: Click the Begin Quiz button before you begin your selections. For each question, click the checkbox containing the best answer to the question. When you complete the quiz, click the End Quiz button with your mouse to obtain your results. You can also obtain corrections to the quiz by clicking the Correct button. Answers are marked according to the following legend. Legend: A indicates that the quiz-taker gave the correct response. A $ indicates an incorrect response. In this case, the correct answer is marked with a q. You can examine solutions by clicking the correct answer marker q.
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1. 10 + 5.01 + 0.501 = 15.501 15.115 2. 3 24 = 8 9 2/3 8 3/4 6 15.0501 10.511 15.511

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3. 4.2 0.54 = 3.54 4.74 4. If x = 7, then 3x + 2 = 27 20 23 19 21

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3.45 3.76

3.66

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5. The price of a stock on each of ve successive days is hown below.

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15.00

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10.00
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Mon

Tues

Wed

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Fri

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Which day had the largest decrease in the price of stock from the previous day?
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Monday Thursday

Tuesday Friday

Wednesday
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6. If Jimmy maintains a constant speed of 3 miles per hour, how far can he run in 50 minutes? 150 mi 2.5 mi 7. 5 8 + 3 6 = 4 6 8 6 0
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100 mi 2 mi

5 mi

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8. The temperature rise from 6 am to noon was 47 F last Friday. If the temperature at noon was 56 F, what was the temperature at 6 am on that day? 103 F 32 F 9 F 0 F 9 F
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9. On the number line, the distance from 11 to 5 is 6 6 10. What is 32% of 70? 22.4 2240 11. 21 4 = 12 14 2/4 2/7 1/3 4/7
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16 5

16

20.4 224

18.6

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12. The least common multiple of 24 and 18 is 6 56 12 72 36

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13. The quotient of n and 7 is 21. Which of the following equations represents this statement? n + 7 = 21 n/7 = 21 n 7 = 21 7 n = 21
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7n = 21

14. Let v = r. If v = 36 and r = 12, then = 48 1/3 3 432 24

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15. If two resistors, having resistance r1 and r2 , respectively, are connected in parallel, then the resistance r of a single equivalent resistor is given by the formula
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1 1 1 = + . r r1 r2 If r1 = 2 ohms and r2 = 3 ohms, then r = 5 ohms 6/5 ohms 4 ohms 5/6 ohms
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3 ohms

16. Jane earns $8 per hour and Liz earns $8.75 per hour. If they both work 5 hours, what are their combined earnings? $48.75 $80.25 17. 0.2 = 0.05 4 1/2 40 3/2 1/4 $16.75 $96.50 $83.75

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18. 1 1 + 4

1 4

10 = 1/20 7/10
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3/20 3/10

1/4

19. A jar contains both blue and red marbles. The ratio of blue marbles to red marbles is 3 to 2. If there are 80 red marbles, how many blue marbles are there? 60 100 20. The prime factorization of 48 is 2335 22223 21. 5 (7 10) = 8 12 6 4 2 2233 235 222225 80 140 120

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22. What number divided by 2 gives 18 as a result? 36 9 36 12 9

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23. The surface area of a rectangular box is given by the formula S = 2wl + 2wh + 2lh, where w = 2 in, l = 3 in, and h = 5 in, respectively. Find the surface area of the box.
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32 in2 48 in2

54 in2 62 in2

36 in2
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24. If

x = 4, then x = 9 4
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1 16 25. (2.1)2 (1.2)2 = 2.77 3.27 26. Expressed as a fraction, 2% is 1/25 1/50 27. 6 5 + 3(3) = 18 12 28. 6xy = 18y 3xy x/3 29. 29 = 6 23 5/9 3/4

25

2.97 3.43

3.17
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1/20 1/100

1/30

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144 32

24

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3/y 3y/x

y/3
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5/4 3/8

8/3
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30. A population of bacteria double every 10 minutes. If there are 50 bacteria at the start of an hour, how many bacteria are there at the end of the hour? 1200 2400 31. 1+ 1 6 2 32. 4(3x + 2y) = 20xy 12x + 8y 24xy 4x + 6y 26? 6.3
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1600 3200

1800
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= 4 4/3
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3/2

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8x + 12y

33. Of the following numbers, which best approximates 4.8 3.5 34. 2 2 = 411 424 224 25
3 8

5.1 2.9

211
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35. On the number line below, point M is halfway between points A and B. A M B a 7 11 What is the coordinate of point A? 25 13 18 11 16

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36. A rectangle having length 10 and height 6 has its lower left vertex located at the point A(2, 3). What are the coordinates of the vertex diagonally opposite point A? (2, 3) (8, 7) (12, 3) (6, 6)
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(12, 3)

37. Which of the following fractions is largest? 2 3 7 17 , , , 3 4 12 24 2/3 38. In the right triangle 3/4 7/12 17/24

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12

13

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nd the length x. 2 5 3 6
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39. The area of a rectangle is 24. If its width is 4, what is its perimeter? 12 20 40. (2 106 ) (4 102 ) = 8 10 6 10
12 8

16 24

18

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6 10 8 10

12 8

8 10

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41. Order the numbers

3 5 , 0.77, , 0.79, 4 8 0.79, 0.77, 3/4, 5/8 3/4, 5/8, 0.77, 0.79

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from smallest to largest. 0.79, 0.77, 5/8, 3/4 5/8, 3/4, 0.77, 0.79 5/8, 0.77, 0.79, 3/4 42. 2 5 + = 3 6 7/9 2/3 10/18 7/6 3/2
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43. A jacket is discounted at 5%. If the original price of the jacket is $200, what is the new price?
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$210 $220

$190 $150

$180
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44. In the gure below,

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1/2 3/8
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what fractional part of the whole is shaded? 1/2 3/4 45. 0.75 + 5 = 8 11/2 11/8 23/8
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1/8 3/8

1/4

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11/4 25/4

46. What is the radius of a circle having circumference 12? 6 12 47. 32 + 42 = 7 12 10 11 5

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8 6

10

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48. For what value of x is the division

10 x2 47/119

meaningless? 1, 000, 000 13 49. In the gure below,

y
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500 2

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(2, 3)

(8, 3)

(0, 0)

(6, 0)

x
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what is the area of the shaded region? 10 18 12 24

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50. In the gure below, segment DE is parallel to segment BC.

A

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x
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Find x. 4/3 8/3 2/3 3/8

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5/3

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Solutions to Quizzes
Solution to Question 1: Align the numbers on the decimal point and add. 1 0 5 0 1 5 . . 0 1 . 5 0 1 . 5 1 1 Click to return to exam
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Solution to Question 2: Multiply and reduce. 3 3 24 72 24 = = =9 8 8 1 8 Alternatively, cancel, then multiply.

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3 3 24 3 3 9 24 = = = =9 8 8 1 1 1 1
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Solution to Question 3: Align on the decimal point, then subtract. 4 . 2 0 0 . 5 4 3 . 6 6

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Solution to Question 4: Substitute x = 7 in 3x + 2. 3x + 2 = 3(7) + 2 Multiply rst. 3(7) + 2 = 21 + 2 Add. 21 + 2 = 23 Thus, 3x + 2 = 3(7) + 2 = 21 + 2 = 23. Click to return to exam
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Solution to Question 5: On Thursday the price of the stock is approximately $15. On the following Friday, the price of the stock is about $11.
(Thurs,$15)
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15.00

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(Fri,$11) 10.00

Mon

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Thus, the stock price fell Decrease = $11 $15 = $4. This is the greatest decrease seen during the week. Click to return to exam

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Solution to Question 6: Change 50 minutes into hours with this calculation. 50 min = 50 min Now, distance equals rate times time, so d = rt mi 5 d=3 hr hr 6 15 d= mi. 6 Reduce. 5 mi 2 If you wish, divide to change to decimal format. Because 5/2 = 2.5, d= d = 2.5 mi. Click to return to exam
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5 1 hr = hr 60 min 6
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Solution to Question 7: Subtraction means add the opposite. 5 8 + 3 6 = 5 + (8) + 3 + (6) You can proceed, adding from left to right. Because 5 + (8) = 3, 5 + (8) + 3 + (6) = 3 + 3 + (6). Again, because 3 + 3 = 0, 3 + 3 + (6) = 0 + (6). Finally, 0 + (6) = 6. Hence, 5 8 + 3 6 = 6. Alternatively, you can regroup, adding positives and negatives rst. 5 8 + 3 6 = 5 + (8) + 3 + (6) = (5 + 3) + (8 + (6)) = 8 + (14) = 6 Click to return to exam
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Solution to Question 8: Let T be the temperature at 6 am. Note that the change in temp = temp at noon temp at 6 am. Thus, 47 F = 56 F T. Subtract 56 F from both sides of the equation. 47 F 56 F = 56 F T 56 F 9 F = T Multiply both sides of this equation by 1. 9 F = T Hence, the temperature at 6 am was 9 F. Click to return to exam
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Solution to Question 9: Distance is a positive quantity.

P a Q b
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To nd the distance between points P and Q with coordinates a and b, repsectively, we subtract in this order: distance = b a. Hence, if we wish to nd the distance from 11 to 5,
11 5

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then we subtract (right minus left). distance = 5 (11) = 5 + 11 =6 Click to return to exam
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Solution to Question 10: To nd 32% of 70, we multiply, rst changing 32% to a decimal by moving the decimal point two places to the left. That is, 32% 70 = 0.32 70 = 22.4. Click to return to exam
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Solution to Question 11: To multiply, proceed as follows. a c ac = . b d bd Thus, 4 21 4 21 = . 12 14 12 14 We can multiply, then reduce, but perhaps it is easier to rst factor and cancel common factors. 4 21 (2 2) (3 7) = 12 14 (2 2 3) (2 7) 2237 = 22237 1 2237 = . 22237 2 There are many alternate techniques we can apply to this problem. For example, straight multiplication provides 21 4 21 84 4 = = . 12 14 12 14 168 If we now divide numerator and denominator by 84, 84 1 = . 168 2 There are other techniques. Click to return to exam
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After canceling,

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Solution to Question 12: We can list multiples of 24 and 18. 24, 48, 72, 96, 120, 144, . . . 18, 36, 54, 72, 90, 108, 126, 144, . . . Then, multiples in common are 72, 144, . . . . Hence, the least common multiple is 72. LCM(24, 18) = 72. Alternatively, we can prime factor each number. 24 = 2 2 2 3 = 23 3 18 = 2 3 3 = 2 32 To nd the least common multiple, list each factor to the highest power to which it appears. That is, LCM(24, 18) = 23 32 . Hence, LCM(24, 18) = 8 9 = 72. Click to return to exam
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Solution to Question 13: The quotient of n and 7 is n/7. If the quotient is (equals) 21, then we write n = 21. 7 Click to return to exam
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Solution to Question 14: Substiute v = 36 and r = 12 in v = r 35 = (12), or equivalently, 36 = 12. Divide both sides of this equation by 12. 36 12 = 12 12 3= Hence, = 3. Click to return to exam
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Solution to Question 15: Substitute r1 = 2 ohms and r2 = 3 ohms in 1 1 1 = + r r1 r2 1 1 1 = + . r 2 3 Find a common denominator for the right hand side and add. 1 3 2 = + r 6 6 1 5 = r 6 Inverting both sides, 6 ohms. 5 You can also divide 6 by 5 to get decimal format. r= r = 1.2 ohms. Click to return to exam
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Solution to Question 16: Jane earns J =8 Liz earns L = 8.75 Their combined earnings are J + L = 40.00 + 43.75 = 83.75. That is, their combined earnins is $83.75. Click to return to exam
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dollars 5 hr = $40.00. hr dollars 5 hr = $43.75. hr

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Solution to Question 17: There are several approaches. Lets multiply numerator and denominator by 100. 0.2 0.2 100 20 = = = 4. 0.05 0.05 100 5 Note that multiplying a number by 100 moves its decimal point two places to the right. Click to return to exam

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Solution to Question 18: There are several approaches. For example, 1 1 + 4 reduces to 1 1 . Hence, 2 1 1 2 1 + 10 = 1 10 4 4 4 1 = 1 10. 2
1 Change 1 2 to an improper fraction,

1 4

= 1 2 , which 4

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1 then invert the 10 and multiply.

1 2 1 3 1 =1+ = + = , 2 2 2 2 2

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3 1 1 10 = 10 2 2 3 1 = 2 10 3 = 20
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Other approaches should lead to the same answer. Click to return to exam
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Solution to Question 19: Let B and R represent the number of blue and red marbles in the jar, respectively. Were told that the ration of blue marbles to red marbles is 3 to 2. Hence, B 3 = . R 2 Were also told that there are 80 red marbles; i.e., R = 80. Substitute. 3 B = 80 2 Cross multiply.
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2B = (3)(80) 2b = 240 Divide both sides of this result by 2. 2B 240 = 2 2 B = 120

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There are 120 blue marbles. Click to return to exam

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Solution to Question 20: There are several ways to proceed. Lets start with the fact that 48 = 6 8. Now, 6 = 2 3 and 8 = 2 4. Hence, 6 8 = (2 3) (2 4). Finally, 4 = 2 2, so (2 3) (2 4) = 2 3 2 2 2. Arranging the factors in order, 48 = 2 2 2 2 3. Click to return to exam
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Solution to Question 21: We perform the operation within the parentheses rst. Subtraction means add the opposite, so 5 (7 10) = 5 (7 + (10)) = 5 (3).
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Again, subtraction means add the opposite, so 5 (3) = 5 + 3 = 8. Hence, 5 (7 10) = 8. Click to return to exam
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Solution to Question 22: Let x represent the missing number. Now, x divided by 2 is supposed to equal 18, so we write x = 18. 2 Multiply both sides of this equation by 2.
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x 2

= 2(18) x = 36
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Hence, our missing number is x = 36. Checking,

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36 = 18. 2 Of course, it is conceivable that a simple mental calculation could yield the same solution. Click to return to exam

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Solution to Question 23: Substitute w = 2, l = 3, and h = 5 in the formula for the surface area of the box. S = 2wl + 2wh + 2lh S = 2(2)(3) + 2(2)(5) + 2(3)(5) S = 12 + 20 + 30 s = 62 Hence, the surface area of the box is 62 square inches. Click to return to exam
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Solution to Question 24: Square both sides of the equation. x=4 2 ( x) = 42 x = 16 Hence, x = 16. Alternatively, it is conceivable that one might conjecture that x = 16 and check. x = 16 = 4. Click to return to exam

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Solution to Question 25: First, (2.1)2 = (2.1)(2.1) = 4.41. Secondly, (1.2)2 = (1.2)(1.2) = 1.44. Hence, (2.1)2 (1.2)2 = 4.41 1.44 = 2.97. Click to return to exam
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Solution to Question 26: Percent means parts per hundred. Hence, 2% = Note that we reduced in the nal step. Click to return to exam
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2 1 = . 100 50

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Solution to Question 27: We must simplify the expression in the brackets rst. However, in the expression 5 + 3(3), we must multiply before we add. Hence, 5 + 3(3) = 5 + (9) = 4.
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Thus, 6 5 + 3(3) = 6 5 + (9) = 6 4 . We need ony multiply to obtain 6 5 + 3(3) = 24. Click to return to exam
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Solution to Question 28: We can write 6xy 6 x y = 18y 18 1 y 1 = x1 3 1 = x. 3 Of course, this expression is identical to the expression x/3. Click to return to exam
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Solution to Question 29: We know that 23 = 2 2 2 = 8, so we can write 29 29 = 6 23 68 18 . = 48 We can now divide top and bottom of this fraction by 6. 18 18 6 3 = = 48 48 6 8 Alternatively, we can factor. 29 233 = 3 62 23222 Cancel one 2 and one 3 from both numerator and denominator to obtain 233 3 3 = = . 23232 222 8 Click to return to exam
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Solution to Question 30: The population doubles every 10 minutes. There are six 10- minute periods in an hour. Hence the population will doublesix times to 50 2 2 2 2 2 2. Thus, the population at the end of one hour is 50 64 = 3200. Click to return to exam
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Solution to Question 31: One way to proceed is to multiply both numerator and denominator by 4. 1 1 4 1+ 2 1+ 2 = 3 1 3 4 1 4 4 Distribute. 4 1+ 4 1
1 2 3 4 Home Page 1 2 3 4

4(1) + 4 4(1) 4 4+2 = 43 6 = 1 =6 =

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Alternatively, you can simplify numerator and denominator separately, then invert and multiply. 1+ 1
1 2 3 4

= = =

2 2 4 4 3 2 1 4

1 2 3 4 Page 43 of 12

3 2 3 = 2 12 = 2 =6

1 4 4 1

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Solution to Question 32: Distribute. (3x + 2y) = 4(3x) + 4(2y) Now, 4(3x) = (4 3)x = 12x, and 4(2y) = (4 2)y = 8y, so we can write 4(3x) + 4(2y) = 12x + 8y. Hence, 4(3x + 2y) = 12x + 8y. Click to return to exam
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Solution to Question 33: Note that However, Thus, 25 = 5 and 36 = 6, so 5< 25 < 26 < 36.

26 < 6. 25, so lets guess that

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26 is between 5 and 6. Indeed, it is very close to 5 = 26 5.1.

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Solution to Question 34: First, 23 = 2 2 2 and 28 = 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2. Thus, 23 28 = 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2. Note that there are a total of eleven twos. Thus, 23 28 = 211 . Of course, an easier approach is to repeat the base (2 in this case) and add the exponents. That is, 23 28 = 23+8 = 211 . Click to return to exam
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Solution to Question 35: To nd the midpoint, we add the endpoints and divide by two.
A a M 7 B 11
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This average is halfway between points A and B. Thus, a + 11 = 7. 2

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Multiply both sides of this equation by 2. 2 a+1 2 = 2(7)

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a + 11 = 14 Subtract 11 from both sides of this result. a + 11 11 = 14 11 a = 25 Hence, the coordinate of point A is a = 25. Click to return to exam
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Solution to Question 36: Draw a picture.

C(12, 3)
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A(2, 3)

B(12, 3)

Point B is 10 units to the right of point A(2, 3). Hence, point B must have coordinates B = (12, 3). Point C is 6 units directly up from point B(12, 3). Hence, point C must have coordinates C = (12, 3).
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Hence, the coordinates of the point diagonally opposite point A is C = (12, 3). Click to return to exam
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Solution to Question 37: The fractions are easily compared if they all have the same denominators. A common denominator is 24. Now, 2 2 8 16 = = 3 3 8 24 3 3 6 18 = = 4 4 6 24 7 7 2 14 = = . 12 12 2 24 Thus, the fractions 2 3 7 17 , , , , 3 4 12 24 when written with a common denominator, 16 18 14 17 , , , , 24 24 24 24 clearly indicate that 18 3 = 4 24 is largest. Hence, 3/4 is the largest of the given fractions. Click to return to exam
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Solution to Question 38: The Pythagorean Theorem tess us that h2 = a2 + b2 , where h is the hypotenuse (the longest side, directly across from the right angle) and a and b are the legs of the right triangle.
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12

13

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However, in this case, the length of the hypotenuse is 13, so we can write 132 = x2 + 122 . However, 132 = 169 and 122 = 144, so 169 = x2 + 144. Subtract 144 from both sides of this result 169 144 = x2 + 144 144 25 = x2 Take the square root. x=5 Click to return to exam
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Solution to Question 39: The area of a rectangle is calculated with A = lw, where l and w are the length and width of the rectangle, respectively. Substitute A = 24 and w = 4. A = lw 24 = l(4) 24 = 4l Divide both sides of this result by 4. 24 4l = 4 4 6=l Hence, the length of the rectangle is l = 6. The perimeter of the rectanlge is found by adding the four sides of the rectangle. P =l+w+l+w
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But l = 6 and w = 4, so P =6+4+6+4 P = 20. Hence, the perimeter of the rectangle is P = 20. Click to return to exam
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Solution to Question 40: The associative and commutative laws of multiplication allow us to change the order of multiplication. (2 106 ) (4 102 ) = (2 4) (106 108 ). Now, 2 4 = 8 and 106 102 = 108 , so (2 4) (106 102 ) = 8 108 . Hence, (2 106 ) (4 102 ) = 8 108 . Click to return to exam
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Solution to Question 41: If you divide 3 by 4, then you nd that 3 = 0.75. 4 Similarly, dividing 5 by 8, 5 = 0.625. 8 Writing the numbers 3 5 , 0.77, , 0.79 4 8 as decimals, 0.75, 0.77, 0.625, 0.79, allows a comparison. Arranging in ascending order, 0.625, 0.75, 0.77, 0.79, then arranging their counterparts in the same order, 5 3 , , 0.77, 0.79. 8 4 Click to return to exam
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Solution to Question 42: Write equivalent fractions with a common denominator. 2 5 2 + = 3 6 3 4 = 6 Add. 2 5 + 2 6 5 + 6

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4 5 9 + = 6 6 6 Reduce by dividing numerator and denominator by 3. 9 93 3 = = 6 63 2 Hence, 3 2 5 + = . 3 6 2 Click to return to exam

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Solution to Question 43: Take 5% of 200 with this calculation. 5% 200 = 0.05 200 = 10 Thus, the discount is $10. The new price is Sale price = 200 10 = $190. Alternatively, if the jacket is reduced 5%, then the sale price is 95% of its original price. Hence, Sale price = 905% 200 = 0.95 200 = $190. Click to return to exam
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Solution to Question 44: Let x represent the fractional part of the rectangle that is shaded.
x
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1/2
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3/8
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The sum of the fractional parts is the whole rectangle, so we write x+ Multiply both sides of this result by 8.
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1 3 + = 1. 2 8

8 x+ 8x + 8 1 2

1 3 + 2 8 3 +8 8

= 8(1)
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=8
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8x + 4 + 3 = 8 8x + 7 = 8 Subtract 7 from both sides of this last result. 8x + 7 7 = 8 7 8x = 1

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Divide both sides of this result by 8. 8x 1 = 8 8 1 x= 8 Hence, the shaded region is 1/8 of the whole rectangle. Alternatively, adding x and 3/8 should equal 1/2 of the rectangle; i.e., x+ Common denominators proivde 3 4 = , 8 8 as 4/8 of a rectangle is the same as 1/2 of the rectangle. By inspection, x must equal 1/8. Click to return to exam x+ 3 1 = . 8 2

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Solution to Question 45: Change 0.75, or seventy-ve hundredths to a fraction. 0.75 = 75 3 = . 100 4
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Note that in the last step we reduced by 25. Now, 5 3 0.75 + = + 8 4 6 = + 8 11 = . 8 5 8 5 8

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Solution to Question 46: A well-known formula for the circumference of a circle is C = d, where d is the diameter of the circle. However, the diameter is twice the radius (d = 2r), so C = d = (2r) = 2r. Now, substitute C = 12. C = 2r 12 = 2r Divide both sides of this last result by 2. 2r 12 = 2 2 6=r Hence, the radius of the circle is r = 6. Click to return to exam
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Solution to Question 47: Since 32 = 9 and 42 = 16, we can write 32 + 42 = = Now, since 52 = 25, Hence, 32 + 42 = 5. Click to return to exam
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9 + 16 25.
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25 = 5.
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Solution to Question 48: You cannot divide by zero. So, if x = 2, then 10 10 10 = = x2 22 0 and the division is meaningless. Click to return to exam
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Solution to Question 49: The area of the parallelogram shown in the gure is found by multiplying the length of its base by its height. In symbols, A = bh, wher b and h represent the length of the base and the height of the parallelogram, respectively. By inspection, the base has length 6 and the height is clearly 3.
y
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(2, 3)

(8, 3)

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3 x

(0, 0)

(6, 0)

Therefore, with b = 6 and h = 3, A = bh A = (6)(3) A = 18. Hence, the area of the parallelogram is A = 18. Click to return to exam

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Solution to Question 50: Because DE is parallel to BC, angles ADE and ABC are equal, as are angles AED and ACB. Hence, triangle ABC is similar to triangle ADE.
A
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x+2

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Hence, the corresponding sides of the triangles are proportional and we can write 7 x+2 = . 4 x Cross multiply to get 7x = 4(x + 2).

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Distribute. 7x = 4x + 8
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Subtract 4x from both sides of this last equation. 7x 4x = 4x + 8 4x 3x = 8 Divide both sides of this last result by 3. 8 3x = 3 3 8 x= 3 Hence, x = 8/3. Click to return to exam
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