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  • Design and Implementation of A Quantum True Random Number Generator

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    mercurio11
    69 visualizzazioni24 pagine
    Quantum TRNG Samples a simple system of high entropy (behaviour of single photons or particles). Low bandwidth, difficult to sample quantum level phenomenae. Our Design a PIN photodiode and opamps are used as a solidstate particle detector. Pulse shaping is done by a Schmitttrigger hex inverter. Our Design Sampling and parallel output are done by an ATtiny261 MCU @ 8Mhz.

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    Titolo originale

    Quantum Random

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    Quantum TRNG Samples a simple system of high entropy (behaviour of single photons or particles). Low bandwidth, difficult to sample quantum level phenomenae. Our Design a PIN photodiode and opamps are used as a solidstate particle detector. Pulse shaping is done by a Schmitttrigger hex inverter. Our Design Sampling and parallel output are done by an ATtiny261 MCU @ 8Mhz.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Scarica in formato PDF, TXT o leggi online su Scribd
    Segnala contenuti inappropriati
    69 visualizzazioni24 pagine

    Design and Implementation of A Quantum True Random Number Generator

    Caricato da

    mercurio11
    Quantum TRNG Samples a simple system of high entropy (behaviour of single photons or particles). Low bandwidth, difficult to sample quantum level phenomenae. Our Design a PIN photodiode and opamps are used as a solidstate particle detector. Pulse shaping is done by a Schmitttrigger hex inverter. Our Design Sampling and parallel output are done by an ATtiny261 MCU @ 8Mhz.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Scarica in formato PDF, TXT o leggi online su Scribd
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    di 24

    DesignandImplementationofaQuantum TrueRandomNumberGenerator

    WhatisTrueRandomness?
    Mustbeunpredictable. Foragivensetofbinarydata'i',thei+1thbitcanonlybe predictedwith50%accuracy. Mustbeunbiasedandnonalgorithmic.Computerscan'tdo this(andneithercanyou!). Usefulforcryptography,science,andgames(gamblingand drinking).

    TypesofRandomNumberGenerators
    Pseudorandom(PRNG):Usesanalgorithmanda'secret' initialsequence.Thisiswhatyourcomputerdoes.

    TrueRandom(TRNG):Samplesaphysicalsystemofhigh entropy.

    Bothareeasytodesignwrongandtheyfailsilently!

    TypesofTRNG
    NonQuantum:Samplesacomplexsystemofhigh entropy(lavalamps,timebetweenkeypresses). Higherbandwidth,easiertoconstruct,numbersare notproducedbyanyobviousalgorithm. Iscomplexityasgoodasrandomness?

    TypesofTRNG
    QuantumTRNG(QTRNG):Samplesasimplesystemof highentropy(behaviorofsinglephotonsorparticles). Lowbandwidth,difficulttosamplequantumlevel phenomenae. However,theoutput'should'betrulyrandom!

    MistakestoAvoid
    Donotusemorethanone entropysourceordetector. Theauthorofthispaper1 suggestsagoodmethodtoo.

    MistakestoAvoid
    Donotuseacounter+CPU interrupts.Thenumberof eventswithinagiventimeis notarandomdistribution,it isaPoissondistribution2. Donottrytocalculate 'expected'timebetween events,either.

    OurDesign

    OurDesign
    APINphotodiodeandopampsareusedasasolidstate particledetectorthatoperatesatlowvoltages.Itwas enclosedinaFaradaycage.

    FlexPCB
    BoardswereprintedonflexPCBforitsgoodrapid prototypingcharacteristics.

    OurDesign
    PulseshapingisdonebyaSchmitttriggerhexinverter.

    OurDesign
    Samplingandparallel outputaredonebyan ATtiny261MCU@ 8Mhz.

    OurDesign

    Demonstration
    Hopefullynomagicbluesmoke

    BasicAnalysisofOutput
    Checkforbiasbycreatingsimplefrequencycharts. XmeansofYrandomvaluesshouldapproachthebinomial distributionforlargeXandY3. Keepinmindthat'proving'randomnessisimpossible throughhypothesistesting.

    AdvancedAnalysis
    NISTRandomNumberGenerationTechnicalWorking GroupStatisticalTestSuite2.04

    100megabitsofdatawereusedforthesetests,withdefault optionsanda=0.01 Thelastof188tests(linearcomplexity)didnotseemtorun correctly.

    AdvancedAnalysis
    GivenablockofrandomdatadividedintoXbitstreamsand subjectedtoYtestsatsomethresholdalphavaluefor faliureZ,youexpecttruerandomdatatofailX*Y*Ztests. Minimum1/alphabitstreamsrequired(ouralpha=0.01) Weexpect187faliures,weobserve205. Faliuresdonotclusteronanyspecifictest.

    FutureTechnology!
    SinglephotonQTRNGsusingsinglephotonemittersand photomultipliertubes(Ebay!) Highbandwidth,zerobias!Noisotopes!Requireshigh voltageandvacuumtubes(seriously).

    Acknowledgements
    Foulabforaspacetowork,andfriendstowork with. TRNGdriveranddatamanagementscripts writtenbyfx

    Wanttomakeoneyourself?
    Ifallgoeswell,boardswillbeavailableinone monthatwww.legionheavyindustries.com

    References
    1:http://isi.cbs.nl/iamamember/CD2/pdf/545.PDF 2:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poisson_process 3:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binomial_distribution 4:http://csrc.nist.gov/groups/ST/toolkit/rng/index.html

    Formoreinformation:
    http://www.national.com/onlineseminar/2004/photodiode/PhotodiodeAmplifers.pdf http://jp.hamamatsu.com/resources/products/ssd/pdf/s1223_series_kpin1050e01.pdf http://www.fourmilab.ch/hotbits/how3.html

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