A slmple numerlcal serles LhaL ls Lhe foundaLlon for an lncredlble maLhemaLlcal relaLlonshlp behlnd phl

SLarLlng wlLh 0 and 1 each new number ln Lhe serles ls slmply Lhe sum of Lhe Lwo before lL
0 1 1 2 3 3 8 13 21 34 33 89 144
1he raLlo of each successlve palr of numbers ln Lhe serles approxlmaLes phl (1618 ) as 3 dlvlded by 3
ls 1666 and 8 dlvlded by 3 ls 160
1he Lable below shows how Lhe raLlos of Lhe successlve numbers ln Lhe llbonaccl serles qulckly
converge on hl AfLer Lhe 40Lh number ln Lhe serles Lhe raLlo ls accuraLe Lo 13 declmal places
1618033988749893
1he raLlo of successlve llbonaccl numbers converges on phl
Sequence
ln Lhe
serles
8esulLlng llbonacclnumber(Lhe
sum of Lhe Lwo numbers before lL)
8aLlo of each number Lo
Lhe one before lL (Lhls
esLlmaLes phl)
ulfference from hl
0 0

1 1

2 1 1 +0618033988749893
3 2 2 0381966011230103
4 3 13 +0118033988749893
3 3 1666666667 0048632677916772
6 8 16 +0018033988749893
7 13 1623 0006966011230103
8 21 1613384613 +0002649373363279
9 34 1619047619 0001013630297724
10 33 1617647039 +0000386929926363
11 89 1618181818 0000147829431923
12 144 1617977328 +0000036460660007
13 233 1618033336 0000021366803661
14 377 1618023731 +0000008237676933
13 610 1618037133 0000003146328620
16 987 1618032787 +0000001201864649
17 1397 1618034448 0000000439071787
18 2384 1618033813 +0000000173349770
19 4181 1618034036 0000000066977639
20 6763 1618033963 +0000000023383188
21 10946 1618033999 0000000009771909
22 17711 1618033983 +0000000003732337
23 28637 161803399 0000000001423702
24 46368 1618033988 +0000000000344370
23 73023 1618033989 0000000000208007
26 121393 1618033989 +0000000000079432
27 196418 1618033989 0000000000030348
28 317811 1618033989 +0000000000011392
29 314229 1618033989 0000000000004428
30 832040 1618033989 +0000000000001691
31 1346269 1618033989 0000000000000646
32 2178309 1618033989 +0000000000000247
33 3324378 1618033989 0000000000000094
34 3702887 1618033989 +0000000000000036
33 9227463 1618033989 0000000000000014
36 14930332 1618033989 +0000000000000003
37 24137817 1618033989 0000000000000002
38 39088169 1618033989 +0000000000000001
39 63243986 1618033989 +0000000000000000
40 102334133 1618033989 +0000000000000000

lf you sum Lhe squares of any serles of llbonaccl numbers Lhey wlll equal Lhe lasL llbonaccl number
used ln Lhe serles Llmes Lhe nexL llbonaccl number 1hls properLy resulLs ln Lhe llbonaccl splral seen ln
everyLhlng from sea shells Lo galaxles

lL has long been known LhaL Lhe Colden SecLlon or ulvlne roporLlon appears ln cerLaln proporLlons of
llvlng organlsms ln 1997 l began Lo wonder how unlversal Lhls was and how far lL could be applled l
Look a golden secLlon of a llne noL [usL once buL many Llmes Lo form whaL l llke Lo call Lhe golden
ruler shown as follows

1hls appears ln Lhe proporLlons of many llfe forms

1hls approach can be used Lo explaln Lhe physlcal proporLlons of many llfe forms buL Lhe mosL beauLlful
appllcaLlon ls found ln humans


lanLs lllusLraLe Lhe llbonaccl serles ln Lhe numbers and arrangemenLs of peLals leaves secLlons and
seeds

Lxamples of Lhe ulvlne roporLlon and Colden SecLlon can be found ln flsh blrds mammal and lnsecLs



1he unA splral ls a Colden SecLlon

Muslcal scales are based on llbonaccl numbers
1he llbonaccl serles appears ln Lhe foundaLlon of aspecLs of arL beauLy and llfe Lven muslc has a
foundaLlon ln Lhe serles as
1here are 13 noLes ln Lhe span of any noLe Lhrough lLs ocLave
A scale ls composed of 8 noLes of whlch Lhe
3Lh and 3rd noLes creaLe Lhe baslc foundaLlon of all chords and are based on whole Lone whlch ls
2 sLeps from Lhe rooL Lone LhaL ls Lhe
1sL noLe of Lhe scale

noLe Loo how Lhe plano keyboard scale of C Lo C above of 13 keys has 8 whlLe keys and 3 black keys
spllL lnLo groups of 3 and 2

1he dlmenslons of Lhe LarLh and Moon are ln hl relaLlonshlp formlng a Colden 1rlangle






hl (hl ) Lhe Colden SecLlon has been used by manklnd for cenLurles ln archlLecLure


1he llbonaccl serles has a paLLern LhaL repeaLs every 24 numbers
numerlc reducLlon ls a Lechnlque used ln analysls of numbers ln whlch all Lhe dlglLs of a number are
added LogeLher unLll only one dlglL remalns As an example Lhe numerlc reducLlon of 236 ls 4 because
2+3+613 and 1+34
Applylng numerlc reducLlon Lo Lhe llbonaccl serles produces an lnflnlLe serles of 24 repeaLlng dlglLs
1 1 2 3 3 8 4 3 7 1 8 9 8 8 7 6 4 1 3 6 2 8 1 9
lf you Lake Lhe flrsL 12 dlglLs and add Lhem Lo Lhe second Lwelve dlglLs and apply numerlc reducLlon Lo
Lhe resulL you flnd LhaL Lhey all have a value of 9
1sL 12 numbers 1
1 2 3 3 8 4 3 7 1 8 9
2nd 12 numbers
8 8 7 6 4 1 3 6 2 8 1 9
Add rows 1 and 2
9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 18
llnal numerlc reducLlon Add dlglLs of resulL
9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9

Significance of number 108

1) In one minute, we breathe in approximateIy 15 times, in 1 hour 900 times,
and in 12 hours 10800 times, and in a day 10800 * 2 times. A day consists
of 24 hours, and if we set aside haIf the day for our day to day routines,
then one can spend 12 hours for recitation of one's idoI. Therefore, the
maximmum number of times that one can recite "mantra", or perform "Jap" are
10800. If one wants to obtain 100% benefit of its jap, then performing
jap 108 times wiII give you the benefit of 100%. That's why in a "MaIa",
there are 108 beads. It is written in Vedas, that 1 Jap corresponds to
1 maIa (which has 108 beads), therefore performing jap of 108 maIas wiII
resuIt in 100% benefit.

2) AstronomicaIIy, there are 27 constiIIations in our gaIaxy, and each one them
has 4 directions, and 27 * 4 = 108, In other words the number 108 covers
the whoIe gaIaxy.

3) According to Indian scriptures, Ietter 9 corresponds to Lord Brahma (the
creator of universe). MathematicaIIy, the interesting property of 9 is
91 = 9
9 x 2 = 18 (8+1 = 9)
9 * 3 = 27 (7+2 = 9)
9 * 12 = 108 (1+0+8 = 9)

4) In Hindu reIigion, number 9 is very important. Keeping the importance of
number 9, Rishi Vyas has created 9 Purans, 108 MahaPuran (Upnishads).
Mahabharat has 18 chapters, Geeta has 18 chapters, Bhagavat has 108000
ShIoks (verses).
The addition of digits of number 108 is 9, and number 9 is reIated with
Brahma, that's why 108 is very important, and came into Iot of Indian
scriptures.

5) Indian Vedas, treats the Sun as God, and Sun has 12 signs (Zodiac signs).
In Yajurved, Sun is reIated with Lord Brahma (the number 9), remember -
12 * 9 = 108; therefore for Gods Prayer, the number 108 is very sacred.

6) According to Indian mythoIogy, there are 4 Yugs
Satyug - consists of 172,800 years (1+7+2+8 = 18 == (1+8 = 9)
TretaYug consists of 1296000 years (1+2+9+6 = 18 = (1+8 = 9)
DwaparYug consists of 864000 years (8+4+6) = 18 = (1+8 = 9)
KaIiyug consists of 432000 years (4+3+2) = 9

Various Chakaras
Harshad number: 108 is a Harshad number, which is an integer divisibIe by the sum of its
digits (Harshad is from Sanskrit, and means "great joy")

Desires: There are said to be 108 earthIy desires in mortaIs.

Lies: There are said to be 108 Iies that humans teII.

DeIusions: There are said to be 108 human deIusions or forms of ignorance.

Heart Chakra: The chakras are the intersections of energy Iines, and there are said to be
a totaI of 108 energy Iines converging to form the heart chakra. One of them, sushumna
Ieads to the crown chakra, and is said to be the path to SeIf-reaIization.

Sanskrit aIphabet: There are 54 Ietters in the Sanskrit aIphabet. Each has mascuIine and
feminine, shiva and shakti. 54 times 2 is 108.

Pranayama: If one is abIe to be so caIm in meditation as to have onIy 108 breaths in a
day, enIightenment wiII come.

Upanishads: Some say there are 108 Upanishads, texts of the wisdom of the ancient
sages.

Sri Yantra: On the Sri Yantra there are marmas where three Iines intersect, and there are
54 such intersections. Each intersections has mascuIine and feminine, shiva and shakti
quaIities. 54 times 2 equaIs 108. Thus, there are 108 points that define the Sri Yantra as
weII as the human body. The angIe formed by two adjacent Iines in a pentagon equaIs
108 degrees.

Pentagon: The angIe formed by two adjacent Iines in a pentagon equaIs 108 degrees.

Marmas: Marmas or marmasthanas are Iike energy intersections caIIed chakras, except
have fewer energy Iines converging to form them. There are said to be 108 marmas in the
subtIe body.

Time: Some say there are 108 feeIings, with 36 reIated to the past, 36 reIated to the
present, and 36 reIated to the future.

8 extra beads: In doing a practice of counting the number of repetitions of the maIa, 100
are counted as compIeted. The remaining are said to cover errors or omissions. The 8
are aIso said to be an offering to God and Guru.

Chemistry: InterestingIy, there are about 115 eIements known on the periodic tabIe of the
eIements. Most of those, around or higher than the number 100 onIy exist in the
Iaboratory, and some for onIy thousandths of a second. The number that naturaIIy exist
on Earth is around 100.

AstroIogy: There are 12 consteIIations, and 9 arc segments caIIed namshas or
chandrakaIas. 9 times 12 equaIs 108. Chandra is moon, and kaIas are the divisions within
a whoIe.
River Ganga : The sacred River Ganga spans a Iongitude of 12 degrees (79 to 91), and a
Iatitude of 9 degrees (22 to 31). 12 times 9 equaIs 108.
PIanets and Houses: In astroIogy, there are 12 houses and 9 pIanets. 12 times 9 equaIs
108.

Goddess names: There are said to be 108 Indian goddess names.

Gopis of Krishna: In the Krishna tradition, there were said to be 108 gopis or maid
servants of Krishna .

1, 0, and 8: Some say that 1 stands for God or higher Truth, 0 stands for emptiness or
compIeteness in spirituaI practice, and 8 stands for infinity or eternity.

Sun and Earth: The diameter of the Sun is 108 times the diameter of the Earth. The
distance from the Sun to the Earth is 108 times the diameter of the Sun.

Moon and Earth: The average distance of the Moon from the Earth is 108 times the
diameter of the Moon.

SiIver and the moon: In astroIogy, the metaI siIver is said to represent the moon. The
atomic weight of siIver is ?108.

NumericaI scaIe: The 1 of 108, and the 8 of 108, when added together equaIs 9, which is
the number of the numericaI scaIe, i.e. 1, 2, 3 . 10, etc., where 0 is not a number.

Meditations: Some say there are 108 styIes of meditation.

Breath: Tantra estimates the average number of breaths per day at 21,600, of which
10,800 are soIar energy, and 10,800 are Iunar energy. MuItipIying 108 by 100 is 10,800.
MuItipIying 2 x 10,800 equaIs 21,600.

Paths to God: Some suggest that there are 108 paths to God.

SmaIIer divisions: The number 108 is divided, such as in haIf, third, quarter, or tweIfth, so
that some maIas have 54, 36, 27, or 9 beads.

Hinduism: 108 is said to refer to the number of Hindu deities. Some say that each of the
deities has 108 names.

IsIam: The number 108 is used in IsIam to refer to God.

Jain: In the Jain reIigion, 108 are the combined virtues of five categories of hoIy ones,
incIuding 12, 8, 36, 25, and 27 virtues respectiveIy.

Sikh: The Sikh tradition has a maIa of 108 knots tied in a string of wooI, rather than
beads.

Buddhism: Some Buddhists carve 108 smaII Buddhas on a waInut for good Iuck. Some
ring a beII 108 times to ceIebrate a new year. There are said to be 108 virtues to cuItivate
and 108 defiIements to avoid.

Chinese: The Chinese Buddhists and Taoists use a 108 bead maIa, which is caIIed su-
chu, and has three dividing beads, so the maIa is divided into three parts of 36 each.
Chinese astroIogy says that there are 108 sacred stars.
Stages of the souI: Said that Atman, the human souI or center goes through 108 stages
on the journey.

Meru: This is a Iarger bead, not part of the 108. It is not tied in the sequence of the other
beads. It is the quiding bead, the one that marks the beginning and end of the maIa.

Dance: There are 108 forms of dance in the Indian traditions.

Praiseworthy souIs: There are 108 quaIities of praiseworthy souI

First man in space: The first manned space fIight Iasted 108 minutes, and was on ApriI
12, 1961 by Yuri Gagarin, a Soviet cosmonaut

Time: Some say there are 108 feeIings, with 36 reIated to the past, 36 reIated to the
present, and 36 reIated to the future.