A

TECHNICAL

PAPER PRESENTATION

On

BLU-RAY DISC

PRESENTED BY

RAMSWAROOP SINGH T K ASHWANTH KUMAR

CSE-IIIYEAR CSE-IIIYEAR
Roll No: 05C71A0547 Roll No: 05C71A0546
 ABSTRACT

Blu-ray disc (BD) is a next generation “blue” (technically blue-violet) laser

optical disc format meant for storage of that allows it to store substantially

high definition video and high –density more data than a DVD, which has the

data. As compared to the HDVD same physical dimensions but uses a

format, its main competitor, Blu-ray longer wavelength(650 nm red laser).

has more information capacity per

There are plans for BD-ROM (read
layer, 25 instead of 15 gigabytes. Blu-
only), BD (recordable) and BD-RE
ray dics not only have more storage
(rewritable) drives for PCS and with
capacity than traditional DVDs, but
the support of the manufacturers, it’s
they also offer a new level of
very likely that the technology will be
interactivity. Users will be able to
adopted as the next-generation optical
connect to the internet and instantly
disc format for PC data storage and
download subtitles and other
replace technologies such as DVD+-
interactive movie features.
R, DVD+-RW, and DVD+-RAM.
Blu-ray gets its name from the

shorter wavelength (405 nm) of a

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 INTRODUCTION TO BLU-RAY DISC

A current, single-sided, standard DVD requires a disc with about five times

can hold 4.7 GB (gigabytes) of more storage. As TV sets and movie

Information. That's about the size of an studios make the move to high definition

average two-hour, standard-definition consumers are going to need playback

movie with a few extra features. But a systems with a lot more storage capacity.

high-definition movie, which has a much

Blu-ray is the next-generation digital
clearer image (see how Digital
video disc. It can record, store and play
Television Works), takes up about five
back high definition video and digital
times more bandwidth and therefore
audio, as well as computer data.

The advantage to BIu-ray is the sheer

amount of information it can hold:

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• A single-layer BIu-ray disc, which is
• A double-layer Blu-ray disc can store
roughly the same size as a DVD, can
up to 54 GB, enough to hold about
hold up to 27 GB of data that's more
4.5 hours of high-definition video or
than two hours of high-definition
more than 20 hours of standard video
video or about 13 hours of standard
..
video.

BLU-RAY VS. DVD CAPACITY

ADVANTAGES OF BLU_RAY DISC:

• Record High-Definition Television
(HDTV) without any quality loss. • Instantly skip to any spot on the disc.

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 • Automatically search for an empty
• Record one program while
watching another on the disc space on the disc to avoid

• Create play lists. recording over a program.

• Edit programs recorded on the disc. • Access the web to down load
subtitles and other extra features

WORKING OF BLU_RAY:
Discs store digitally encoded video and wavelength (405 nanometers) than a red

audio information in pits spiral laser (650 nano meters). The smaller

grooves that run from the center of the beam focuses more precisely, enabling it

disc to its edges. A laser reads the other to read information recorded in pits that

side of these pits the bumps to play the are not only 0.15 microns long this is

movie or program that is stored on the more than twice as small as the pits on a

DVD. The more data that is contained on DVD.Plus, Blue-ray has reduced the

a disc, the smaller and more closely track pitch from 0.74 microns to 0.32

packed the pits must be. The smaller the microns. The smaller pits, smaller beam

pita (and therefore the bumps), the more and shorter track pitch together enable a

precise the reading laser must be. single-layer Blu-ray disc to hold more

Unlike current DVD’s, which use a red than 25GB of information about five

laser to read and write data, Blu-ray uses times the amount of information that can

a blue laser (which is where the format be stores on a DVD.

gets its name). A blue laser has a shorter

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Each BIu-ray disc is about the same separate beams. If the beam is split too

thickness (1.2 millimeters) as a DVD. widely, the disc cannot be read. Also, if

But the two types of discs store data the DVD surface is not exactly flat, and

differently. In a DVD, the data is is therefore not exactly perpendicular to

sandwiched between two polycarbonate the beam, it can lead to a problem

layers, each O.6-mm thick. Having a known as disc tilt, in which the laser

polycarbonate layer on top of the data beam is distorted. All of these issues lead

can cause a problem called to a very involved manufacturing

birefringence, in which the substrate process.

layer refracts the laser light into two

BUILDING OF BLU-RAY:

The BIu-ray disc overcomes DVD- birefringence and therefore prevents

reading issues by placing the data on top readability problems. And, with the

of a l.l-mmthick polycarbonate layer. recording layer sitting closer to the

Having the data on top prevents objective lens of the reading mechanism,

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the problem of disc tilt is virtually the outside of the disc to protect it from

eliminated. Because the data is closer to scratches and fingerprints.

the surface, a hard coating is placed on

The design of the BIu-ray discs saves on 2. The recording layer is added to one
of the discs.
manufacturing costs. Traditional DVDs
3. The two discs are glued together.
are built by injection molding the two
BIu-ray discs only do the injection-
O.6-mm discs between which the
molding process on a single I.I-mm disc,
recording layer is sandwiched. The
which reduces cost. hat savings balances
process must be done very carefully to
out the cost of adding the protective
prevent birefringence.
layer, so the end price is no more than

1. The two discs are molded. the price of a regular DVD.

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BLU-RAY VS OTHER NEW DISC FORMATS:

Will Blu-ray replace previous DVDs? release of video in both formats on a

Its manufactures hope so. In the single disc. But Blu-ray is not alone in

meantime JVC has developed a Blu-ray the marketplace. A few other formats are

/DVD combo disc with an approximate competeting for a share of DVD market.

33.5GB capacity, allowing for the

HD-DVD:
The other big player is HD_DVD, hold 20 GB of data; a double –layer

also called AOD(Advanced Optical disc can hold 30 GB(that’s compared

Disc), which DVD and can therefore to 27 GB and 50 GB for Blu-ray).

be manufactured with the same The read-only versions hold slightly less

equipment, saving on costs. The data. Also, HD_DVD doesn’t offer the

disadvantage is that it can’t match the interactive capabilities of Blu-ray ,

storage capacity of Blu-ray. A although it will probably be less

rewritable, single layer HD_DVD can expensive than its competitor

OTHER COMPETETORS:
Blu-ray and HD-DVD are the two standard DVD. Taiwan has created the

major competitors in the market, Forwarded Versatile Disc(FVD), an

there are other contenders, as well. upgraded version of today’s DVDs

Warner Bros. Pictures has developed its that allows for more data storage

own system, called HD-DVD-9. This capacity (5.4 GB on a single –sided

system uses a higher compression rate disc and 9.8 GB on a double-sided

to put more information (about two disc). And China has introduced the

hours of high –definition video) on a

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Enhanced Video Disc (EVD), another former is designed for use by

high-defnition video disc broadcasters and AV studios. The latter

There are also professional versions of is primarily for commercial data

the Blu laser technology. Sony has storage (for example ,backing up

developed XDCAM and ProData servers).

(Professional Disc for Data). The

WHEN WILL BLUE RAY BECOME AVAILABLE

Blu-ray recorders are already available definition ( which is expected to

in Japan, where more consumers have happen by late 2005 or 2006), BIu-

access to HDTV than in the United ray movies and TV shows on disc

States. Outside of Japan, once more should become widely available. But

TV sets come equipped with a high- the format is already available for

definition tuner and more films and home recording, professional

television shows are produced in high- recording and data storage.

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Another important factor is cost. Just as price will drop to within 10 percent

with most new technologies, Blu-ray of the price of current DVDs.

equipment will be pricey at first. In

Even when the new video standard
2003, Sony released its first BIu-ray
begins to replace current technologies,
recorder in Japan with a price tag of
consumers won't have to throw away
around $3,000. The price is expected to
their DVDs, but they will need to
drop as the format gains popularity. Blu-
invest in a new player. The industry is
ray discs may also be initially more
planning to market backward-
expensive than today's DVDs, but
compatible drives with both blue and
once demand grows and they can be
red lasers, which will be able to play
mass-produced, manufacturers say the
traditional DVDs and CDs as well as

Blu-ray discs.

APPLICA TIONS:

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The Play station 3 will be the first Blu-
ray accessable player. Sony has announced that the PlayStation

3 will be shipped with a Blu-Ray drive,

The first BIu-Ray recorder was unveiled
but possibly just a read-only one. Sony's
by Sony and was introduced to the
machine will also support BD-ROM pre-
Japanese market. JVC and Samsung
recorded media, which are expected to
Electronics announced Blu-ray based
be available in early 2006.
products at IFA in Berlin, Germany.

PC DATA STORAGE
Blu-ray drives currently in production prototypes with a 108 Mbit/s transfer

can transfer approximately 36 Mbit/s (54 rate are in development. Rates of 8x or

Mbit/s for BD-ROM), but 2x speed more are planned for the future.

Hewlett Packard has announced plans to technology. Philips was scheduled to

sell Blu-ray-equipped desktop PCs and debut a Blu-ray computer drive in the

laptops. In December 2005, HP second half of 2005, but it was also

announced that they would also be delayed. On March 10, 2005 Apple

supporting the rival HD DVD

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Computer joined the Blu-ray Disc

Association.

CONCLUSION:
Blu-ray disc has been a consistent works to develop a disc with twice

road map to emerging disc that amount of storage.

technologies. Blue-ray can store up to It’s very likely that the technology

54 GB, enough to hold about 4.5 will be adopted as the next

hours of high -definition video or generation optical disc format for PC

more than 20 hours of standard video. data storage and replace technologies

And there are even plans in the such as DVD+-R, DVD+-RW, and

DVD-RAM.

REFERENCES:

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Complete Guide to Digital Audio By—Chris Middleton.

2. The Digital Bits Insider Guide to DVD By—Bill Hunt

3. DVD Demystified By – Jim Taylor

WEBSITES:
1. www.howstuffworks.com

2. www.blue-ray.com

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