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2. describe the two observations that led darwin to his inescapable conclusion. state
this conclusion.
3. describe the two key features that distinguish science from other styles of inquiry.
6. what is the lowest level of biological organization that can be considered “alive”.
10. if an element has a mass number of 26 and an atomic number of 12, how many
11. if an element has a mass number of 26 and an atomic number of 12, how many
12. the weight of an atom is composed primarily of what two subatomic particles?
14. draw a bohr model for oxygen which has an atomic number of 8 and a mass
number of 16.
17. the weight of _____ are negligible when computing the mass of an atom?
20. describe the special bonding properties of carbon that allow it to form an endless
21. compare the structure and properties of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids
25. what name is given to bonds that involve the sharing of electrons?
26. describe the structure of the plasma membrane and other membranes of the cell.
explain why this structure is called a fluid mosaic. explain how the structure of
27. explain how the genetic information in the nucleus is used to direct the production
28. compare the structures and functions of the following components of the
29. compare the structure and function of chloroplasts and mitochondria. explain
why the grana in chloroplasts and the inner mitochondrial membrane are each
highly folded.
30. describe the functions of the cytoskeleton. compare the structures and functions
final exam questions chapters 1-5 and 8
31. compare the structure and function of a plant cell wall and the extracellular matrix
of an animal cell.
33. define the terms energy, kinetic energy, the principle of conservation of energy,
34. compare the processes by which a car and human use “fuel” to perform work.
35. compare the amount of energy in a calorie to that found in a kilocalorie. which is
38. define the terms metabolism, enzyme, activation energy, substrate, active site,
39. distinguish between the following pairs of terms: diffusion versus osmosis,
41. compare the genetic information in the chromosomes of typical daughter cells.
42. compare the cellular processes and cellular products of asexual and sexual
reproductions.
43. describe the basic structure of a chromosome, and explain how chromosomes are
duplicated.
final exam questions chapters 1-5 and 8
44. describe the key events of each phase of the cell cycle.
46. describe how the cell cycle control system normally functions and explain the
47. explain how cancer cells are different from normal cells of the body.
48. distinguish between the following pairs of terms: sex chromosomes versus
autosomes, somatic cells versus gametes, and diploid versus haploid cells.
49. compare the processes and products of meiosis i and meiosis ii.