INDUSTRIAL TRAINING REPORT

MOTOROLA TECHNOLOGY SDN. BHD. PLOT 2, BAYAN LEPAS TECHNOPLES INDUSTRIAL PARK MK 12, S.W.D, 11900 PENANG.

KHOR JING HUEY EG05015 Bachelor of Electrical Engineering (Electronics)

FACULTY OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA PAHANG

DEC 2008 MAR 2009

I hereby acknowledge that this Industrial Taining Report has been verified and

it does not contain any CONFIDENTIAL information to be released to the public

Signature: Official Stamp: SHENNON LEE Reliability Engineer Motorola Technology Sdn. Bhd. Plot 2, Bayan Lepas Technoplex Industrial Park MK 12, S.W.D, 11900 Penang. Date: 14 MARCH 2009

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First and foremost, I would like to express the deepest gratitude to my industrial supervisor, Mr. Shennon Lee, for his continued support, encouragement, and guidance in overseeing the progress of my project from its initial phase till its completion. Without his valuable advices and comments, this would not have been possible to achieve a good basis of project.

Secondly, I would like to extend words of appreciation to all the engineers and technicians for their friendly help and guidance throughout the process of completing this project. To all friends and course mates, thank you for believing in me and helping me. The experiences and knowledge I gained would prove invaluable to better equip me for the challenges lie ahead.

Last but definitely not the least to my parent, I can never thank enough for their love, and for supporting me throughout my studies.

INDUSTRIAL BACKGROUND

Motorola Inc was an early pioneer in Penang when Bayan Lepas Free Trade Zone was established in 1974. Hybrids and modules were the first product manufactured to use in Motorola radio products. From component manufacturing, Motorola progressed very quickly to assembly of pagers and radios. A Research and Development Department was setup in 1976 and successfully develop Weather Alert Receiver called NOAA in 1979. The 1980s is best remembered for the birth of the Genesis range of radios. The HT440 and HT90 walkie-talkies were the forerunners of radios designed, developed and manufactured in Penang. When the HT600 was launched, it was sweet success for Penang. This best selling radio was unrivalled during its time and more than a million units have been sold. Motorola Penang had finally established itself as a best-in-class design and manufacturing facility for land mobile products. For the first time too, in 1988, the Managing Director was a Malaysian, Simon Wong. Keeping abreast of the latest manufacturing technologies, the facility was able to take on manufacturing of the second generation cordless telephones or CT2s. Building subscriber units and systems, its engineering and design capabilities were noted by the Corporation. Following this, Penang was given the responsibility to design and manufacture products for the Asia market. With the setup of the Asia Design Center, many products have been designed and developed over the past two years. In 1993, an Energy Products Division factory was set up in a building about half a mile away. This facility mainly manufactures batteries and battery flexes. They are

also Original Equipment Manuafacturers (OEM) for Compaq batteries and some other battery products. Recipient of the first AECG Quality Award in 1995, it is a model factory for worldclass quality products. Many awards and accolades, both internal and external have also been heaped on Motorola Penang. Following closely the Malaysian National Quality Management Award in 1990, came the Prime Minister's Quality Award in 1991 and the ISO9001 Quality System Certification in 1993. Today, Motorola Penang designs, develops and manufactures two-way radio products not only Asia but for the rest of the world. Motorola is known around the world for innovation in communications and is focused on advancing the way the world connects. From broadband communications infrastructure, enterprise mobility and public safety solutions to high-definition video and mobile devices, Motorola is leading the next wave of innovations that enable people, enterprises and governments to be more connected and more mobile.

ORGANISATION STRUCTURE

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR

GENERAL DIRECTOR

ADVANCED MANUFACTURIN G TECHNOLOGY (AMT)

HUMAN RESOURCES (HR)

MATERIAL QUALITY ENGINEERING (MQE)

QUALITY & CUSTOMER CARE (QA)

SOURCING

MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM (MIS)

RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT (RND)

INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING (IE)

TESTS SYSTEM ENGINEERING (TSE)

FACILITIES (FAC)

PRODUCT QUALITY & RELIABILITY ENGINEERING (PQRE)

MISSION PQRE is dedicated to assist our development and manufacturing partners to identify, resolve and prevent product quality, reliability and functionality issues. To develop state-of-the-art reliability qualification testing capabilities and advanced accelerated reliability testing methodologies.

VISION To enhance the robustness of Motorola's products in order to further increase customer satisfaction and loyalty, in-turn, increasing Motorola's product market share

GANNT CHART

SUMMERIZATION

Throughout three months of my industrial training, I have experience real industrial working environment which developed and improved my functional skills and soft skills. For the first month of internship, I have learned to conduct Rub & Buzz test. Rub & Buzz test is a functionality test which is used to test audio quality and performance of an unit. Rub & Buzz test is conducted to reject radio which buzzing sound is hearing. This is important for root causing and determines proper corrective action for the radio. Besides, temperature cycle chamber wiring connection, portable radio biasing fixture and block eliminator internal wiring are learnt. The following month I have learned on temperature cycle testing. Temperature cycling is the process of cycling through two temperatures extreme. Temperature cycle testing is able to conduct a continuous operation over the temperature range of -35C to +75C. This is used to test product performance through fatigues. There are two tests which are ALT and ART test can be conducted for temperature cycle testing. For ALT test, radio will be in transmit mode and receive mode for 18 seconds, then follows by standby mode for 54 seconds. For ART test, radio will be in transmit mode and receive mode for 36 seconds. There is no standby mode for ART test. For the third month, I have learned to conduct an ART test for NEO radio which have to PTT and receive 1k Hz tone from signal generator in temperature cycle chamber. GCAI UC of radio is studied to figure out the three main pins of side connector (pin 1, pin 6 and pin) which are used for radio to PTT in the temperature cycle chamber. To

enable radio to receive the 1k Hz tone from signal generator, the wiring connection of side connector is modified. Bands and frequencies characteristics have been learnt. Audio signal strength of radio which is receiving 1k Hz tone is measured by using multimeter (measured) and is calculated by using formula, P = V .
2

TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE

PAGE

TITLE PAGE DECLARATION ACKNOWLEDGEMENT INDUSTRIAL BACKGROUND ORGANIZATION CHART GANTT CHART SUMMERIZATION TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES

i ii iv v vi vii x

CHAPTER 1 : INTRODUCTION 1.1 : Introduction 1.2 : Objectives 1.3 : Outline Thesis

1 1 3 4

CHAPTER 2 : TEMPERATURE CYCLING 2.1 : Introduction 2.2 : Temperature Cycle Chamber Wire Connection

5 5

CHAPTER 3 : RADIO POWER UP PROCEDURE

13

3.1 : Introduction 3.2 : Flow Chart of Radio Power Up Procedure 3.3 : 50 Ohm Load

13 13 17

CHAPTER 4 : RUB & BUZZ TECHNIQUE

25

4.1 : Introduction 4.2 : Rub & Buzz Operating Procedure 4.3 : Block Eliminator 4.4 : Biasing Fixture 4.5 : Portable Radio Test Setup

25 27 29

CHAPTER 5 : AUDIO ACCESSORIES TECHNIQUE

31

5.1 : Introduction 5.2 : Portable Audio Block Eliminator 5.3 : Portable Audio Test Setup

31 31 33

CHAPTER 6: BANDS & FREQUENCIES

44

6.1 : Introduction 6.2 : Bands

44 45

6.3 : Frequency Band Characteristics 6.4 : TANAPA Labelling 6.5 : Formula

46

CHAPTER 7: GCAI UC LAYOUT

44

7.1 : Introduction 7.2 : GCAI UC Layout

44

CHAPTER 8: SOLUTION AND CONCLUSION

44

8.1 : Projects Solution 8.2 : Result 8.3 : Suggestion / Comment 8.4 : Conclusion REFERENCES 47

LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE NO. 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 3.1

TITLE ALT Temperature Cycle ALTs PTT Duty Cyle ART Temperature Cycle ALTs PTT Duty Cycle Temperature Cycle Chamber Wire Connection Radios Standby & Receiving Mode Radios Transmit Mode

PAGE

Flow Chart of Radio Power Up Procedure

3.2 Connection of Block Eliminator and Radio 3.3 PLC Control Station 3.4 50 Ohm Load 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 6.1 Rub & Buzz Operating Procedure Signal Generator and VCD Player Connection Block Eliminator Block Eliminator Internal Wiring Biasing Fixture Internal Wiring Portable Radio Test Setup Portable Radio Test Setup With Smart Operator Audio Accessories Technique Portable Audio Block Elimanator Intenal Wiring Portable Audio Test Setup Flow Chart of Audio Amplifier And CD Player Setting Radio Frequency Bands

6.2 7.1 7.2 7.3 8.1 8.2

Characteristics of Different Bands Radio Side Connector Layout Original Side Connector Wire Connection Modified Side Connector Wire Connection ART Setup Modified PTT Box Wire Connection

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1

Introduction

A project is given to enable radios to PTT and receving 1kHz tone from signal generator in the temperature cycle chamber. The current practice in the PQRE laboratory is the radios only able to do PTT operation in the temperature cycle chamber. There are two ways to enable radios to PTT in the temperature cycle chamber as well as receiving 1kHz tone from signal generator simultaneosly, they are: a) b) Rub & Buzz Techniques Audio Accessories Techniques

1.2

Project Objective

The main objective of this project is to enable radios to PTT and receiving 1k Hz tone from signal generator in the temperature cycle chamber.

In order to achieve these objectives, the scopes of the project are summarized as followed:

Radios must be able to do PTT in the chamber Radios must be able to receive 1 kHz from signal generator Radios must be set to 3 different frequencies ( Low, Medium and High Frequency)

1.3

Thesis Outline

Chapter 1 shows the project given during this internship. It also outlines objective and scope of this project

Chapter 2 explains the meaning and function of temperature cycle testing. It also shows the temperature cycle chamber wire connection.

Chapter 3 shows the procedures to power up radios in the temperature cycle chamber. It indicates a proper way to protect the radios from damaged during power up.

Chapter 4 indicates rub & buzz techniques which is one of the recommended solution to enable radio to PTT as well as receiving 1k Hz tone from signal generator.

Chapter 5 presents audio accessories techniques which is another solution to solve the projects problem.

Chapter 6 describes the characteristics of bands and frequencies. In this chapter, formula to calculate the audio signal voltage is also included.

Chapter 7 shows the GCAI UC Layout which is important to identify the main pins of side connector which are used to enable radios PTT and receiving 1kHz tone in the chamber. Lastly, Chapter 8 indicates the projects solution and summarizes the overall conclusion for this thesis.

CHAPTER 2

TEMPERATURE CYCLE TESTING

2.1

Introduction

Temperature cycling is the process of cycling through two temperatures extreme. Temperature cycling is able to conduct a continuous operation over the temperature range of -35C to +75C. Temperature cycle test is used to test product through fatigues. Two types of testing can be conducted in the temperature cycle chamber, they are ART testing and ALT tesing. DC bias voltage of ALT test is 8.25V + 10%. DC bias voltage of ART test is 9V + 20%. Figure 2.1 shows the ALT temperature cycle. A complete temperature cycle profile is 22 hours. The PTT duty cycle is indicated in Figure 2.2. At step 1, group A radios will doing transmit mode and group B radios will doing receive mode for 18 seconds. Then, group A radios will change to receive mode and group B radios will doing transmit mode for 18 seconds. For the following 54 seconds, both group A and group B radios will in the standby mode. Next, the process will begins with step 1 again. Figure 2.3 shows the ART temperature cycle. The PTT

duty cycle for ART is shown in Figure 2.4 which doing the transmit and receive mode for 36 seconds each.

Figure 2.1: ALT Temperature Cycle

Figure 2.2: ALTs PTT Duty Cycle

Figure 2.3: ART Temperature Cycle

Figure 2.4: ARTs PTT Duty Cycle

2.2

Temperature Cycle Chamber Wire Connection

Temperature cycle chamber shown in Figure 2.5 consists of two DC power supply. Each power supply has to supply DC voltage to two biasing fixture through DC distribution box. The operation of temperature cycle chamber is controlled by PLC control station. The PLC control station has four main components, they are ART, ALT, PTT and PLC. For example, when ART testing is conducted, ART, PTT and PLC have to toggle on. When ART is toggle on, the radios inside the temperature cycle chamber will doing trasmit mode and receive mode for 36 seconds.Whereas if the ALT testing is conducted, ALT, PTT and PLC are toggle on. During this testing, the radios inside the temperature cycle chamber will doing transmit mode and receive mode for 18 seconds, and standby mode for 54 seconds. Each biasing fixture is operated by two PTT connection. The front portion is being controlled by PTT1, and the back portion is being controlled by PTT2. Hence, each portion will doing different task at the same time. For example, when the front portion doing transmit mode, the back portion will doing receive mode, and vice versa. Figure 2.6 shows the radios standby and receiving mode and Figure 2.7 indicates the radios transmit mode.

Figure 2.5: Temperature Cycle Chamber Wire Connection

Figure 2.6: Radios standby and receiving mode

Figure 2.7: Radios transmit mode

CHAPTER

RADIO POWER UP PROCEDURE

3.1

Introduction

Radio power up procedure is important to protect the radios from damaged. It shows the proper steps to connect radio with block eliminator and steps to place the radios in the biasing fixture. It also explains the way to make sure all the radios are in PTT mode in the temperature cycle chamber.

3.2 Flow Chart of Radio Power Up Procedure

The radio power up procedure is shown in Figure 3.1.

Block Eliminator is connected as shown in Figure 3.2

Radio is connected with battery housing and is placed in the block eliminator

All radio are placed accordingly in the fixture

At DC power supply, voltage is selected and is set to 6V

Voltage value is being made sure key in correctly, then enter button is pressed

To ensure the eliminator block is placed properly in the fixture, LED of eliminator block must be observed and ensure it is always on. For ALT Green LED must be on For ART Red LED must be on

Out On/Off button is pressed to enable 11 V is set.

Enter button is pressed.

Radios are turn on by turning the volume knob.

Toggle on the PTT and PLC. Then, ALT or ART is being toggled according to the type of test is conducted as shown in Figure 3.3

Make sure all radios must be PTT ON by checking the radio LED. (For Transmit, LED is always on; For Receive, LED light is blinking) Figure 3.1: Flow Chart of Radio Power Up Procedure

Figure 3.2: Connection of Block Eliminator and Radio

Figure 3.3: PLC Control Station

3.3

50 Ohm Load

50 Ohm load as shown in Figure 3.4 is used to replace antenna of the radio in order to solve the signal interference problem in the temperature cycle chamber.

50 Ohm Load

Figure 3.4: 50 Ohm Load

CHAPTER

RUB & BUZZ TECHNIQUE

4.1

Introduction

Rub & Buzz test is a functionality test which is used to test audio quality and performance of an unit. It is a verification for portable and mobile radios that done during ART and ALT test. Rub & Buzz test is conducted to reject radio which buzzing sound is hearing. Besides, it is also used for root causing and to determine proper corrective actions. When rub and buzz testing is conducted, radio has to programmed with similar frequency channel to receive from clever operator voice broadcasting.

4.2`

Flow Chart of Rub & Buzz Operating Procedure

Figure 4.1 indicates the rub & buzz operating procedure to test audio quality of radios.

Audio Left/Right from VCD player is connected to MOD In/Out at signal generator. (shown in Figure 4.2)

Radio antenna is connected to RF out at signal generator. (shown in Figure 1) MODULATION

EXT button is pressed. FM button is pressed. Modulation value is entered. 25 channel spacing 16 kHz 12.5 channel spacing 8 kHz kHz button is pressed.

FREQUENCY Frequency button is pressed. Frequency value is entered. MHz button is pressed.

AMPLITUDE AMPTD button is pressed Amplitude value +10 is entered. dBm button is pressed.

Radio is turn on by turning the volume knob. ( Ensure CD player is played) Radio is turn into the channel which is same frequency with signal generator by using frequency knob. Audio quality is tested by ensure the sound is not degraded or distorted. Figure 4.1: Rub & Buzz Operating Procedure

VCD PLAYER Audio Left / Right

Antenna SIGNAL GENERATOR RF Output MOD Input/Output

Figure 4.2: Signal Generator and VCD Player Connection

4.3

Block Eliminator

Block eliminator shown in Figure 4.3 is used to place radio in the biasing fixture in order to enable radio to PTT automatically inside the temperature cycle chamber. Block eliminator is connected with battery housing. Battery housing which is connected with radio is used to provide voltage to radio from DC power supply. Besides, Block eliminator is also connected to side connector. This is very important to make sure radio is able to do PTT automatically in the temperature cycle chamber. Figure 4.4 indicates block eliminator internal wiring. Block eliminator has 12 male pins which is matched to the 12 female pins of biasing fixture. DC power supply is connected to regulator of block eliminator. From voltage regulator, it provides voltage to pins 1, 4,7 and 10. Whereas for pins 3,6,9, and 12 are being grounded. A diode is connected to pin 2 and pin 8. In the similar manner, pin 8 is connected to PTT which enable side connector to attach on the radio.

Side Connector

Block Eliminator

Figure 4.3: Block Eliminator

Figure 4.4: Block Eliminator Internal Wiring

4.4

Biasing Fixture

Biasing fixture is used to place radios accordingly in the temperature cycle chamber. It consists of 30 units of 12 female pins. Hence, it indicates that it allows maximum 30 units of block eliminator to place on it. The front 15 units are being controlled by power supply 1 and PTT1. On the other hand, the back 15 units are being controlled by power supply 2 and PTT2. Figure 4.5 explains the internal wiring of biasing fixture. In a temperature cycle chamber, only maximum four biasing fixtures can be put inside it.

Figure 4.5: Biasing Fixture Internal Wiring

4.4

Portable Radio Test Setup

Figure 4.6 describes the portable radio test setup. Radio which is placed in the biasing fixture will be provided voltage from DC power supply. Side connector is being attached to the radio to enable PTT automatically in the temperature cycle chamber. The time for radio to do PTT is being programmed and monitored by PLC. For ALT testing, radio will in transmit and receive mode for 18 seconds each, as well as standby mode for 54 seconds. On the other hand, for ART testing, radio will in transmit and receive mode

for 36 seconds each. In this case, there is no standby mode for ART testing. Figure 4.7 indicates the proposed solution by using rub and buzz technique in solving the project given. By connecting a VCD player to a signal generator, radios inside the temperature cycle chamber which are tuned to same frequency with signal generator are able to receive smart operator voice broadcastingly.

Figure 4.6: Portable Radio Test Setup

Figure 4.7: Portable Radio Test Setup With Smart Operator

CHAPTER

AUDIO ACCESSORIES TECHNIQUE

5.1

Introduction

Audio accessories technique shown in Figure 5.1 is another way to solve the project given. It is implemented by using a RSM to spread smart operator voice in the temperature cycle chamber. Hence, the radios inside the temperature cycle chamber are able to transmit and receive the smart operator voice among each others which have the same frequency.

Figure 5.1: Audio Accessories Technique

5.2

Portable Audio Block Eliminator

Portable audio block eliminator shown in Figure 5.2 is slightly different from the portable radio block eliminator. The regulator of the block elimanator is being connected by mike. Whereas speaker source is connected to pin 5 and pin 8 of the block elimator.

Figure 5.2: Portable Audio Block Elimanator Intenal Wiring

5.3

Portable Audio Test Setup

Figure 5.3 shows the portable audio test setup which is slightly different from portable radio test setup. In order to activate the speaker of portable audio accesory, audio amplifier and CD player are needed. CD player is connected to audio amplifier to increase the radios audio strength in the temperature cycle chamber. Speaker terminal from audio amplifier is connected to PLC box. PLC box is connected to portable audio fixture. In addition, power supply cable is connected to portable audio fixture from PLC. Flow chart of audio amplifier and CD player setting is shown in Figure 5.4.

Figure 5.3: Portable Audio Test Setup

Audio cable and AC power supply cord at the back of CD player. Audio Out L location is selected for voice audio setting.

Audio cable from CD player is connected to CD input jack at audio amplifier.

Speaker terminal is connected from audio amplifier to PLC box. PLC box is connected to portable audio fixture. Audio amplifier power supply cord is plug to main switch.

Power supply cable is connected to portable audio fixture from PLC.

Cables from PLC box is connected to portable audio fixture

Audio amplifier is switched on. Input Mode button is pressed until CD AUTO is shown on the display. Next, NEXT button is pressed ROCK CONCERT is shown.

CD player is switched on. Smart operator disc is played.

PLC and PTT is toggle on. Multimeter is set to Vac mode. Voltage is measured at both banana jacks from the biasing fixture. Volume is being tuned at audio amplifier to get the rated audio of speaker accessories. Figure 5.4: Flow Chart of Audio Amplifier And CD Player Setting

CHAPTER

BANDS AND FREQUENCIES

6.1

Introduction

The RF signal that radiates from the radios antenna begins in the transmitter's electronic circuits. The transmitter drives the signal back and forth at a very high speed. This causes the signal to break away from the antenna and become a radio wave. The rate at which the signal moves, or oscillates, back and forth is called its frequency.

6.2

Bands

The electromagnetic spectrum is the total range of frequencies of electromagnetic radiation. It extends from the longest radio wave to the shortest cosmic ray. The spectrum is divided into segments called bands. Figure 6.1 indicates the radio

frequency bands. Each band is divided into specific frequencies. And each broadcasting station within a geographic area has exclusive use of the frequency to which it is assigned.

Figure 6.1: Radio Frequency Bands

6.2

Frequency Band Characteristics

The frequency band characteristics that are important to radio communications are propagation, range and noise. Figure 5.2 shows the characteristics of different bands. Below 300 KHz, the characteristics are just the opposite. The radio waves follow the curvature of the earth for great distances. This type of propagation is called a Groundwave. Radio communications over distances up to several thousand miles are possible by making use of low frequency groundwaves. Above 300 KHz to about 30

MHz, the ionosphere will sometimes reflect and/or refract the radio signals. When returned to earth, they are received hundreds or even thousands of miles away. This is called skip and radio signals with reflective property are called Skywaves . The frequencies from 30 MHz to about 900 MHz are the most suitable for two-way radio transmission.Generally, this range of radio frequencies is characterized by Line of Sight Propagation.

Electromagnetic noise interference comes from machines and engines. VHF low band signals are very susceptible to noise interference because noise occurs in the lower frequency ranges. VHF high band has minimal susceptibility to noise interferenec. UHF and 800/900 MHz signals have virtually no susceptibility to noise interference. Hence, it proves that low band is not a good choice in high noise areas.

In rural areas,VHF low band signals have the best range. In suburban areas,VHF high band signals have excellent range characteristics. In urban areas,the UHF and 800/900MHz bands have the best range characteristics.

There are two general rules that apply when you choose a frequency band First, as the frequency increases, range decreases but so does the ambient noise. Secondly, reflections from buildings increases with frequency

Figure 6.2: Characteristics of Different Bands

6.3

TANAPA Labelling

In Motorola, the band of the portable radio can be seen in the TANAPA labelling. For an instance, PMUD is stands for VHF band and PMUE is stands for UHF band.

6.4

Formula

Audio signal strength of a radio can be calculated by using formula, P= V2/ R. P = Rated Power (W)

R = Speaker Impedence () V = Voltage (Vrms)

In this project, NEO radio is being used to do the experiment. The maximum power for NEO radio is 1.5 Watt and the rated power is 0.5 Watt. To calculate the audio signal strength of NEO radio which receiving 1kHz tone from signal generator, this formula, P = , is used. The impedance of the radio speaker is 16. The calculation is shown as below:
V2 R

P = 0.5W (rated power)

CHAPTER

GCAI UC LAYOUT

7.1

Introduction

GCAI UC stands for Global Core Accessory Interface Universal Connector. The portable radio class consists of only one interface specification, the Universal Connector (UC). This UC comprises an interface for all accessory devices including analog audio, RF, and data.

7.2

GCAI UC Layout

Figure 7.1 shows GCAI UC Layout of portable radio. Three main pins of side connector are used for radio to PTT in the temperature cycle chamber, they are: 1. GPIO_0 (Detach)

6. 9.

GND (Ground) GPIO_3 (PTT)

Figure 7.1: Radio Side Connector Layout

Figure 7.2 shows the original side connector internal wiring connection.

GPIO_0 and ground of the side connector is shorted together. Logic levels at the GPIO interface in the Default State can be interpreted as follows: 1) If GPIO_0 and GPIO_3 are in the high state, it means PTT is activated and there is no accessory attached to radio. 2) If GPIO_0 is in the low state and GPIO_3 are in the high state, it means PTT is not activated and there is accessory attached to radio. 3) If GPIO_0 and GPIO_3 are in the low state, it means PTT is activated and there is no accessory attached to radio.

Figure 7.2: Original Side Connector Wire Connection

To enable radio to PTT an receiving 1k Hz tone from signal generator in the temeperature cycle chamber, the side connector wire connection has to modify as shown in Figure 7.3.

Figure 7.3: Modified Side Connector Wire Connection

CHAPTER 8

SOLUTION AND CONCLUSION

8.1

Projects Solution

Finally, rub & buzz technique is chosen to solve the project which is to enable radios do PTT operation an receiving 1k Hz tone in the temperature cycle chamber. This technique is used due to its higher reliability and cost saving. By using this technique, three signal generator are needed to provide three different frequencies to radios. The setup shown in Figure 8.1 is for ART testing which only 12 units radios is used. By changing the cable connection as shown in Figure 8.2, all the 12 units radios will do the transmit mode or receive mode for 36 seconds each instead of only 6 units radios doing the transmit mode for 36 seconds and another 6 units radios doing the receive mode. When the test is conducted, the following conditions must be concerned: 1) Radios must be able to do PTT in the chamber 2) Radios must be able to receive 1 kHz from signal generator 3) Radios must be set to 3 different frequencies ( Low, Medium and High Frequency)

Figure 8.1: ART Setup

Figure 8.2: Modified PTT Box Wire Connection 8.2 Result

All the radios in the temperature cycle chamber are able to PTT and receiving 1k Hz tone from signal generator. The audio voltage of radio measured is around 2.5V which is the rated voltage.

8.3

Suggestion / Comment

In overall, I am very satisfied with the company effort in creating a comprehensive and structured training program. My industrial supervisor is very responsible to supervise me and able to spend time to give guidance and technical

knowledge to me. In addition, he is able to fill my training period with task that significant in developing the knowledge, skills and experience for my future career.

8.4

Conclusion

In this 3 months industrial training, I have learned to conduct temperature cycling, rub and buzz tesitng, power up radios in the temperature cycle chamber, as well as understand deeply the wiring connection for block eliminator,biasing fixture and temperature cycle chamber. At the end of the internship, I have successfully completed the project given which is enable radios to PTT and receiving 1k Hz tone in temperature cycle chamber. In short, I have gained new insights and more comprehensive understanding related to communication technology during the three months internship in Motorola Technology Sdn Bhd. The whole training period was very instructive and challenging. Through this training, I was able to gain experience and knowledge not only acquired through the direct environment in tasks given but also through other aspects of training such as works observation and interaction with technicians and colleagues. The training program has achieved its primary objective which allows student to be well prepared in facing the real working life. As a result, I am more confident to enter the employment world and build my career in future.