1. Bhakra Nangal Project - it is the largest in India on Sutlej River. It's a joint venture of Punjab, Ha rayana and Rajasthan.

- it has five purposes: Two dams at Bhakra and Nangal Nangal hydel channel Powerhouse of 1,204 MW Electric transmission Bhakra canal system for irrigation Bhakra Dam is near Roopnagar, Ropar dist. The dam is 226m in height, 518m in len gth, 312m in width; behind it is Govind Sagar Lake. Nangal Dam13 km from Bhakra dam, its height is 29m, length 305m, and width 121m. - Nangal Hydel Channel 64.4km long, 42.65m wide and 6.28m deep - Powerhouse of 1204 MW first near Gangunal. Second Kotla, third near Roopnagar and fourth and fifth near Bhakradam. - Bhakra canal 171 km long, maximum water at Haryana (46.7%), then Punjab (37.7% and then Rajasthan (15.6%)

. . . . . . . . . Bhakra-Nangal Project Bhakra-Nangal Project was undertaken together by Rajasthan, Haryana and Punjab. Bhakra-Nangal Project was constructed on Sutlej River.

Bhakra-Nangal Project is a joint venture by the states of Punjab, Rajasthan and Haryana. This project is considered as the major multi-purpose project in India. The Bhakra-Nangal Project was started in the year 1948 and it was completed in 1968. The name of this project came from the two dams Bhakra and Sutlej River, c onstructed on a tributary of the Indus River, the Sutlej River. This jointly-undertaken project consists of the Nangal and the Bhakra dams, two power houses at Bhakra dam, the Nangal Hydel channel and two power stations situ ated in Kotla and Ganguwal. Nangal Dam is at a distance of about 13 kilometres t o the downstream of Bhakra Dam and is of a height of 95 feet. This dam comprises 26 bays of 30 feet each, modeled to divert the water of Sutlej River into the N angal Hydel Channel and Anandpur Sahib Hydel Channel for the generation of power and irrigation purpose. Apart from the prevention of floods, Bhakra-Nangal Proj ect provides water for the irrigation purposes in the state of Rajasthan, Delhi, Punjab, Haryana and Himachal Pradesh. This project also generates one million k ilowatt of hydro-electricity. The Bhakra dam was erected on the River Sutlej. It is situated at the foot of th

e Sivalik Hills in the state of Himachal Pradesh. Late, Pundit Jawaharlal Nehru, the first prime minister of India, dedicated this dam to the nation on the 20th of November, 1963. Bhakra dam is the uppermost concrete gravity dam in Asia. Bh akra dam has played a significant role in inspection the floods in the river Sut lej. The Nangal dam was erected over the River Sutlej and it is about twelve kil ometers downstream at Nangal in the state of Punjab. This reservoir is used as a backup in case the Bhakra dam fluctuates. Storing the water of the Sutlej River coming from the Bhakra dam, a six kilometre long artificial lake is formed by t he Nangal dam. The height of the Nangal dam is 29 metres and the length of it is 304.8 metres. This dam is also a part of the Bhakra-Nangal Project. Rightly described by Jawaharlal Nehru, as `New Temple of Resurgent India`, the p roject has also opened a suitable option for the tourists to visit the sites of the Bhakra Nangal Dam. Situated in between a green surrounding, the dams provide a wonderful view of the vicinity and thus attract a large number of tourists fr om all parts of India.

. . . . . Bhakra dam is a concrete gravity dam across the Sutlej River, and is near the bo rder between Punjab and Himachal Pradesh in northern India. The dam, located at a gorge near the (now submerged) upstream Bhakra village in Bilaspur district of Himachal Pradesh, is Asia's second highest at 225.55 m (740 ft) high next to the 261m Tehri Dam also in India. The length of the dam (measu red from the road above it) is 518.25 m; it is 9.1 m broad. Its reservoir, known as the "Gobind Sagar", stores up to 9340 million cu m of water, enough to drain the whole of Chandigarh, parts of Haryana, Punjab and Delhi. The 90 km long res ervoir created by the Bhakra Dam is spread over an area of 168.35 km2. In terms of storage of water, it withholds the second largest reservoir in India, the fir st being Indira Sagar dam in Madhya Pradesh with capacity of 12.22 billion cu m. Described as 'New Temple of Resurgent India' by Jawaharlal Nehru,[1] the first p rime minister of India, the dam attracts tourists from all over India. Nangal dam is another dam downstream of Bhakra dam. Sometimes both the dams toge ther are called Bhakra-Nangal dam though they are two separate dams.

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.. History The Bhakra-Nangal multipurpose dams were among the earliest river valley develop ment schemes undertaken by India after independence though the project had been conceived long before India became a free nation. Preliminary works commenced in

1946. Construction of the dam started in 1948, Jawahar Lal Nehru poured the fir st bucket of concrete into the foundations of Bhakra on 17 November 1955 [2] and the dam was completed by the end of 1963. Successive stages were completed by t he early 1970s. Initially, the construction of the dam was started by Sir Louis Dane, the Lieute nant Governor of Punjab. But the project got delayed and was restarted soon afte r Independence. In October 1963 at the ceremony to mark the dedication of the Bh akra Nangal Project to the Nation, Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru said, "This dam has been built with the unrelenting toil of man for the benefit of mankind and therefore is worthy of worship. May you call it a Temple or a Gurdwara or a Mosq ue, it inspires our admiration and reverence". Features The dam, at 741 ft (226 m), is one of the highest gravity dams in the world (com pared to USA's largest Hoover Dam at 732 ft). The 166 km Gobindsagar Reservoir, n amed after Guru Gobind Singh, is created by this dam. The river Satluj used to f low through a narrow gorge between two hills, Naina Devi ki dhar and Ramgarh ki dhar, and the site was chosen to dam the river. One may look up old very detaile d army maps http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/ams/india/nh-43-03.jpg and http://www .lib.utexas.edu/maps/ams/india/nh-43-04.jpg to see how the area upstream the Bha kra dam looked before the dam was built on river Satluj. The map nh-43-03.jpg sh ows the location of the original Bhakra village that was submerged in the lake f ormed behind the dam. It is 15km from Naya (New) Nangal and 20km from Naina Devi. Usage The dam was part of the larger multipurpose Bhakra Nangal Project whose aims wer e to prevent floods in the Sutlej-Beas river valley, to provide irrigation to ad joining states and to provide hydro-electricity. It also became a tourist spot f or the tourists during later years because of it huge size and uniqueness. Irrigation The dam was constructed with an aim to provide irrigation to the Punjab and Hima chal Pradesh. Another reason behind the construction of the dam was to prevent d amage due to monsoon floods. The dam provides irrigation to 10 million acres (40 ,000 km) of fields in Punjab, Himachal Pradesh, Haryana, and Rajasthan. It also h as four flood gates to control floods. Electricity generation Bhakra and Nangal dams house hydroelectric power generators, which are situated on both the sides of the dams. Nangal hydel Channel and Anandpur Sahib Channel a re used for power generation and irrigation purposes. Each power plant consists of five turbines. Two power houses with a total capaci ty of 1325 MW flank the dam, on either side of the river. The left power house c ontains 5 x 108 MW Francis turbines while the right 5 x 157 MW.[3] The power generated at Bhakra Power houses is distributed among partner states o f Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan and Himachal Pradesh and also supplied to common po ol consumers like National Fertilizers Ltd. and Chandigarh. Tourist destination and attraction Being the highest dam in India, it attracts a large number of tourists who visit its reservoir and attractive location. The distance between the Ganguwal and Bh akra Dam is about 30 35 km.