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Abstract
REB 511993 France p. 155-160
I. D. Polemis, Notes on a short treatise of Nicolas Cabasilas. — A short treatise on secular learning by Nicolas Cabasilas is
examined in comparison with the Triads of Gregory Palamas. Probably Cabasilas composed his work in order to rebut the views
of Gregory Palamas on the usefulness of secular education.
Polemis Ioannis D. Notes on a short treatise of Nicolas Cabasilas. In: Revue des études byzantines, tome 51, 1993. pp. 155-
160.
http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/rebyz_0766-5598_1993_num_51_1_1874
NOTES ON A SHORT TREATISE
OF NICOLAS CABASILAS
Ioannis D. POLEMIS
writes that the saints, like Amphilochius of Iconium, who have been
deprived of secular learning, are somehow inferior to the erudite
saints, such as Basil the Great5. Tafrali, the first editor of this letter,
points out that such an optimistic view of the usefulness of secular
learning could have caused many difficulties to Cabasilas, implying
that his opinion was not in accordance with the official positions of
the Byzantine Church6. However, Tafrali, not knowing the short
treatise which I propose to examine, did not try to find out whether
Cabasilas had in mind any particular person who maintained views
opposite to his own, when composing his letter. P. Enepekides, who
republished Cabasilas's letter, realized that there is a connection
between the letter and our short treatise 7.
It is certain that Cabasilas composed his treatise in order to refute
opinions held by somebody else. The arguments of his opponent who
considered any attempt at attaining secular education vain and
harmful are summarised one by one before the main section of Cabasil
as's text. In my view a detailed examination of these arguments can
prove that the target of Cabasilas's criticism was Gregory Palamas.
The first argument of Cabasilas's opponent is that man can reach
fulfilment, i.e. be deified, even without the help of secular learning;
therefore secular learning is useless for a Christian : Ό λόγος ενδέχεται
προς το οίκεΐον τω άνθρώπω τέλος άγειν. Λόγου χωρίς ενδέχεται τυχεΐν τον
άνθρωπον τοΰ οικείου τη φύσει τέλους, του Θεοϋ, και μετά του λόγου ενδέχεται
μή τυχεΐν. Ούκ άρα συμβάλλεται τω άνθρώπω προς το οίκεΐον αύτώ τέλος8. *Ο
μή συμβάλλεται τω άνθρώπω προς το οίκεΐον τέλος μάταιον. Ό λόγος άρα
μάταιον. Gregory Palamas in the first treatise of his first Trias in
defence of the holy hesychasls, which, quite significantly, is entitled
Κατά τί και μέχρι τίνος λυσιτελής ή περί λόγους τριβή, maintains that
secular learning is profitless, since men who were completely illiterate
managed to become saints. Palamas discussed in particular the case
of John the Baptist : 'Ιωάννης δε ή των προφητών ύστατη κορωνίς ούκ έξ
απαλών ονύχων έπ' έρημίας διετέλει τον βίον άνύων ; Ου τοίνυν προς αυτόν ως
προς άρχέτυπον αφορώσιν έκαστος δπως έχει δυνάμεως τών αποτασσομενων
τω κόσμω ; Παντί που δήλον. Που τοίνυν έν έρημία διδασκαλεία της ματαίας,
ώς δ' αυτοί λέγουσι, σωτηρίου φιλοσοφίας ; Που πολύπτυχοι βίβλοι και οι
ταύταις δια βίου προστετηκότες και τους άλλους πείθοντες; ... Και ϊνα τούτον
23. Nicolas Cabasilas, La vie en Christ, ed. M.-H. Congourdeau, SC 355, Paris
1989, p. 44-45.
24. G. Schiro, Barlaam Calabro Epistole greche. I primordi episodici e dottrinari delle
lotte esicasle, Palermo 1954, p. 290.
25. A. Angelopoulos, op. cit., p. 112.
26. See mainly S. Papadopoulos, 'Ελληνικού μεταφράσεις θωμιστικών έργων, Athens
1967, passim.
27. A part of Kydones' translation is now to be found in Δημητρίου Κυ8ώνη, Θωμά
Άκυινάτου Σοΰμμχ θεολογική έξελληνισθεΐσα II, 16, ed. Ph. Demetrakopoulos, Athens
1976.
28. S. Salaville, Vues sotériologiques chez Nicolas Cabasilas, REB 1, 1943, p. 5-57.
29. P. Nei.i.as, Ή περί δικαιώσεως διδασκαλία Νικολάου τοΰ Καβάσιλα. Συμβολή εις την
όρθόδοξον σωτηριολογίαν, Piraeus 1975, ρ. 45-47. Nellas affirms that ό τρόπος γραφής και το
ύφος του Καβάσιλα διαφέρει χαρακτηριστικώς και των υπολοίπων μεταφράσεων των θωμιστικών
έργων, which is not justified.
160 I. D. POLEMIS
Ioannis D. Polemis
Palaion Patron Germanou 8
Kifissia
GR-145 61 Athens
30. J. Gouillard, L'autoportrait d'un sage du xive siècle, Actes du XIVe Congrès
international des Éludes byzantines, II, Bucarest 1975, p. 103-108. See also Cabasilas,
La vie en Christ..., p. 45 n. 34.