EXPERIMENT: 2 1.0 TOPIC Phase Shift Oscillator 2.

0 OBJECTIVES: In the end of the experiment, the student should be able to: 1. Build the phase shift oscillator. 2. Observe the output waveform and measure the output frequency. 3. Determine the range of frequency variation of resistor and capacitor ( RC) phaseshift oscillator. 4. Understand the working principle of the Phase-Shift oscillator. 3.0 THEORY: A phase-shift oscillator is a simple electronic oscillator and is catagorized in the RC filter as shown in Figure 2.1. It contains an inverting amplifier, and a feedback filter which 'shifts' the phase of the amplifier output by 180 degrees at a specific oscillation frequency. The basic requirement for an oscillator is positive feedback. Frequency of oscillation is given below:
f = 1 2C 61 + 4 R1 R L
2

EQUA 3.1

Figure 3.1

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EQUIPMENT: 4.1 Variable resistor (5K) 4.2 Transistor 2N3904 4.3 Capacitor 47nF and 2.2Nf 4.4 Resistor 4.7K, 1.2K and 56K 4.5 Oscilloscope 4.6 Multimeter 4.7 Frequency counter. 4.8 Jumper. PROCEDURE:

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Figure 2.2: Phase Shift Oscillator Circuit (RC Oscillator) 1. Connect the circuit as shown in Figure 2.2. 2. Connect the circuits by using a 5k variable resistor .Set the variable resistor to the 1k for maximum value. 3. Make sure that your circuit connections are correct and get approval from your lecturer. 4. Connect the circuit with DC power supply and turn on the power switch. 5. Close the switch. With an oscilloscope observe and measure the waveform and its peak to peak voltage at TP1, TP2 and TP3. Record the data in the Table 2.1. 6. Using a digital frequency counter to determine the oscillator frequency by set the variable resistor to the maximum. Record the data in Table 2.1.

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RESULT: Test point TP1 Waveform Vp-p Frequency

TP2

TP3

Table 2.1: RC oscillator Frequency Range 7.0 QUESTIONS: 7.1 Using your own word, explain the operation of the phase shift oscillator. 7.2 Why is there a difference in amplitude between the feedback voltage at TP1, 2 and 3. DISCUSSION CONCLUSION

8.0 9.0

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ASSESSMENT CRITERIA: 10.1 LABORATORY Cooperation : ( Discipline : ( Results : ( TOTAL : 10.2 REPORT Report : Result : Questions : Analysis/Calculation Discussion : Conclusion : TOTAL :

/ 5 marks) / 10 marks) / 15 marks)

( ( ( ( (

/ 10 marks) / 10 marks) / 15 marks) / 20 marks) / 15 marks)