METHOD OF STUDY

Case study is good tool in community medicine for understanding a

disease. It not only guides us for scientific methods of prevention but also
tell us about social, economical, cultural, moral etc factors which affect
results of control measures. So study of these all factor give us guidance
about integrated approach in management of disease.

AIMS OF CASE STUDY ON HYPERTENSION:

- To know the pattern, presentation & progress of Hypertension
- To understand effect risk factor of Hypertension
- To establish control measure for Hypertension

OBJECTIVE OF CASE STUDY ON HYPERTENSION:

- To understand effect of Hypertension on patient’s life
- To determined risk factor of hypertension present in patient’s case.
- To find out any other member of patient’s family suffering from
Hypertension.
- Make association between patient’s lifestyle, dietary pattern etc. &
Hypertension.
- Establish integrated approach to control Hypertension.

CASE SELECTION:
- In Third year MBBS (part1) from department of community medicine we
all student were instructed to conduct case study on different disease.
This study was conducted in group.

- We were allotted subject of Hypertension. We selected one patient who

had essential hypertension. We got him from our Biochemistry
department as we knew him. He was laboratory assistant there.

- We selected him on following criteria:

a. Confirmed case of hypertension.
b. He is residing within limits of Baroda city.
c. Patient & his family are cooperative.

Processes in study:
In study we visited patient & his family & followed steps as written below:

a. History taking & examination of patient to confirm diagnosis

b. Family health check up
c. Detailed study of diet of patient & his family
d. Study of housing, Environment & sanitation pertaining to patient
e. Establish socio-economic status of patient
f. Analysis of data & given advice to patient for controlling diseases

In this study to diagnose we have used definition of hypertension given by

JNC-V & classify Patient According to Classification of WHO.

According to Joint National Committee V & international society of

hypertension “Blood pressure level ≥140 mm Hg systolic & ≥90 mm Hg
is called Hypertension.”
Classification by WHO:

Based on blood pressure measurement in mmHg

Category Systolic BP Diastolic BP

Normal <130 <85
High normal 130-139 85-89
Stage 1 140-159 90-99
Hypertension Stage 2 160-179 100-109
Stage 3 ≥180 ≥110

REGARDING THE VISIT:

VISIT – 1
- We had first visit to patient on 15th February 2007 with our teacher
Dr. Vaghela
- At there we took history of patient, did Family health Check up &
inquired about their diet and social belief. We also inquired about
their economic status.
- In diet we used questionnaire method to get data & asked them about
their menu of diet, amount of food article used per month, methods of
cooking.
- In family health check up we had measured vitals of members, took
anthropometry measurement, examined each system & did general
examination.
- We have also inquired about housing and sanitation in details. We
had asked about water supply, latrine, urinal sewage disposal, noise
pollution etc aspect of housing.
VISIT – 2
- In second visit we inquired about their social beliefs, customs.
- We again asked some question on topic of previous visit to solve some
confusion
- We thus finished this visit.
VISIT - 3
- In this visit we had advised the patient about his condition & inform
his family about control measures of hypertension.

Thus we had visited the patient again & again to collect data & patient also
gave us co-operation in our study.