Angeles University Foundation College of Nursing

Rifampicin/Sambon g

Generic Name: rifampicin/rifampin Brand Name: Rifadin, Rimactane General Action: Antibiotic, Antituberculotic (first line) Specific Action: Inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity in susceptible bacterial cells. Indications: Treatment of Pulmonary TB in conjunction with at least one other effective antituberculotic Neisseria meningitidis carriers,for asymptomatic carriers to eliminate meningococci from nasopharynx;not for treatment of meningitis. Contraindications Allergy to any rifampicin Acute hepatic disease Lactation Use cautiously with pregnancy Side Effects
CNS: headache,

drowsiness, fatigue, dizziness, inability to concentrate, mental confusion, generalized numbness, muscle weakness, visual disturbances. Dermatologic: Rash, pruritus, urticaria, flushing, reddish discoloration of body fluidstears, saliva, urine, sweat, sputum. GI: heartburn, distress, anorexia, vomiting gas, cramps, diaarhea, hepatitis, pancreatitis. GU: hemoglobinuria, hematuria, renal insufficiency, acute renal failure, menstrual disturbances. Hematologic: eosinophilia, thrombocytopenia, transient leucopenia, hemolytic anemia, decreased Hgb, hemolysis. Other: pain in extremities, osteomalacia, myopathy, fever, flulike symptoms.

Nursing Responsibilities Administer on an empty stomach, 1 hr before or 2 hr after meals. Administer in a single daily dose. Consult pharmacist for rifampin suspension for patients unable to swallow capsules. Prepare patient for the reddish-orange coloring of body fluids (urine, sweat, sputum, tears, feces, saliva); soft contact lenses may be permanently stained; advise patients not to wear them during therapy. Teach client to take drug in a single daily dose. Take on an empty stomach, 1 hr before or 2 hrs after meals. Inform client to take this drug regularly; avoid missing any doses; do not discontinue this drug without consulting the health care provider. Tell client to have periodic medical checkups, including eye examinations and blood test, to evaluate the drug effects. Inform client that he may experience the drugs side effects (especially the red colored secretion) Instruct client to see his physician if he experience fever, chills, muscle and bone pain, excessive tiredness or weakness, loss of appetite, N/V, yellowing of eyes/skin, unusual bleeding or bruising, skin rash or itching. Instruct client to remove contact lenses as they may discolor.

Sambong (Blumea balsamifera) Description: Sambong is a half woody, strongly aromatic shrub, densely and softly hairy, 1-4 meters high. Stems grow up to 2.5 cm in diameter. Leaves are simple, alternate, elliptic- to oblonglanceolate, 7-20 cm long, toothed at the margins, pointed or blunt at the tip, narrowing to a short petiole which are often auricled or appendaged. Flowering heads are stalked, yellow and numerous, 6 to 7 mm long, and borned on branches of a terminal, spreading or pyramidal leafy panicle. Discoid flowers are of two types: peripheral ones tiny, more numerous, with tubular corolla; central flowers few, large with campanulate corolla. Involucral bracts are green, narrow and hairy. Anther cells tailed at base. Fruits are achenes, dry, 1-seeded, 10ribbed, hairy at top. Trivia: Sambong is an amazing medicinal plant. Coming from the family of Compositae, it goes by several names locally. It is known in the Visayas as bukadkad and as subsob in Ilocos. The plant is a strongly aromatic herb that grows tall and erect. Its height ranges from 1.5 to 3 meters, with stems that grow for up to 2.5 centimeters. It is an anti-urolithiasis and work as a diuretic. It is used to aid the treatment of kidney disorders. The Sambong leaves can also be used to treat colds and mild hypertension. Since it is a diuretic, this herbal medicine helps dispose of excess water and sodium (salt) in the body. Sambong is one herbal medicine (of ten) approved by the Philippine Department of Health (DOH) as an alternative medicine in treating particular disorders. This plant possesses a multitude of properties that make it worthy of the DOH approval. It functions as an astringent and as an expectorant, and has been found to be anti-diarrhea and anti-spasm. As an astringent, preparations made of sambong leaves may be used for wounds and cuts. It is also suggested to be incorporated to post-partum baths, as well as considerable immersion of particular body areas that are afflicted with pains caused by rheumatism. Its expectorant properties make it as a popular recommendation to be taken in as tea to treat colds.

Preparation:

Fever Decoction of roots; boil 2 - 4 handfuls of the leaves. Use the lukewarm decoction as a sponge bath. Headache Apply pounded leaves on the forehead and temples. Hold in place with a clean piece of cloth. Gas distention Boil 2 tsp of the chopped leaves in 1 cup of water for 5 minutes. Drink the decoction while warm. Also used for upset stomach. Boils Apply pounded leaves as poultice daily. Diuretic Boil 2 tbsp chopped leaves in 2 glasses of water for 15 minutes. Take 1/2 of the decoction after every meal, 3 times a day. Edema and urolithiasis Boil chopped leaves in water for 15 minutes until one glassful remains. Cool and strain. Divide decoction into 3 parts. Drink one part 3 times a day.

Indication:

Good as a diuretic agent Effective in the dissolving kidney stones Aids in treating hypertension & rheumatism Treatment of colds & fever Anti-diarrheic properties Anti-gastralgic properties Helps remove worms, boils Relief of stomach pains

Treats dysentery, sore throat

Dosage: Dried Leaves Adult 7-12 y.o. dose Nursing Responsibilities:

Fresh leaves 6 tbsp tbsp of adult

4 tbsp tbsp of adult dose

Educate the client that sambong is not a medicine for kidney infection. Follow accurate dose of suggested preparation. Stop giving the herbal medication in case untoward reaction such as allergy occurs.

Sources: Frances Precilla L. Cuevas RN, MAN et. al. Public Health Nursing in the Philippines 10th edition, Publication Committee National League of the Philippine Government Nurses 2007 http://hubpages.com/hub/Herbal-Medicine-Sambong http://www.scribd.com/doc/38410999/Drug-Study http://www.philippineherbs.com/sambong/ http://www.philippineherbalmedicine.org/sambong.htm http://nurseslabs.com/drug-study/rifampicin/ http://www.scribd.com/doc/10055096/Drug-Study-Rifampicin