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A SYNOPSIS ON PROCESS & QUALITY CONTROL MICROBIAL EXAMINATION OF WATER

SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARDOF THE DEGREE OF

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING (Session 2007-2011)

INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY


KHANDARI CAMPUS, AGRA

Dr. B.R. AMBEDKAR UNIVERSITY, AGRA (U.P.)

SUBMITTED TO : Dr. Rashmi Sharma (H.O.D.) Biotechnology

SUBMITTED BY: Amit Kumar 07 BT 10 (8398)

CONTENT

1. INTRODUCTION OF WATER TREATMENT 2. OBJECTIVE 3. MATERIALS AND METHODS 4. RESULTS 5. CONCLUSION

WATER TREATMENT

Water is mostly used for industrial & municipal purpose. In order to ensure the quality and quantity of water for these purposes, it is extremely important to monitor water supply through out taking all the aspects into consideration. The quality and quantity of water are important in the location of chemical plant. For this purpose surface water as well as ground water may be used, but supply must be adequate and continuous through out the year. The treatment of water to which it is subjected depends on the purpose for which the treated water has to apply. Head water contains dissolved salts of magnesium present as bicarbonates sulphates and chlorides. We use the water treatment process to remove the impurities like (bicarbonates sulphates and chlorides) of hard water. Working and sanitation of equipments involved in water treatment are as follows:

Sources of water: Bore well is the source of the water the are four in number and water is pumped out with the help of bore well pumps. Then the pumped out water sent to plant by pipelines. The water pumped out is known as raw water, which is stored and chlorinated and passes through sand filter, ACF.

1. Sand filter: It removes suspended particles present in water. It is cleaned daily by reverse water flow & yearly sand charged. 2. ACF (Activated Carbon Filter): It removes chlorine added as a disinfectant, from water. It is sanitized weekly & yearly it is replaced. These filters have various alternative layers of media and carbon, which are responsible for the removal of chlorine from water. There are 3 ACF filters. 3. Softener Filter: It removes hardness based on sodium base cationic exchangers. It is charged by 33% brine solution. It is sanitized by formaldehyde soln.(0.5%) and by reverse flow. Softener filters are three in no. that works alternatively.

OBJECTIVE

To lay down a procedure for monitoring of microbiological quality of water.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

MATERIAL:

Total Aerobic Microbia Count test Test for Total Comined Yeast/Mold Count Enrichment For Pathogens Test For Pathogens Kovacs Reagent Primary Test Psedomonal aeruginasa Primary Test For Staphylococcus aures TVT (Total viable Test)

METHODS: Collect the sample daily as per the sampling schedule. For sampling purpose sterilize sample bottle or flask capacity to hold 250-ml water. Properly classed with stopper or plug followed by derminum foil/butter paper. For UGT sample 5 drop of sodium Thio-sulphate is added in sampling bottle and sterilized it for deactivation of unlorine. Before collecting the sample drain out the water from tap line for about 10 to 15 liter.

Wear pre sterilized hand gloves & sanitize hand gloves with 70% IPA (Isopropyl Alcohol) prior to sample collection. Clean the outer surface of sampling bottle or flask with 70% IPA to avoid external contamination. Open the sterile bottle or flask by removing the lap/stopper or plug of flask in such a way that bare hand should not touch to the inside of the plug of bottle or flask. Collect 250ml sample from the user point taking precaution to avoid contamination. User point is the point from where water is taken for actual use, for example has pipe, which is either connected, to the reactor for charging or to the centrifuge. Collect the sample and immediately clause the lap/stopper or plug. Cover the bottle. Flask with aluminum foil/butter paper. Label the sample bottle/ flask its identification and date of collection of sample. Bring the sample to the microbiology laboratory for analysis.

CONCLUSION In the conclusion, may concluded that the purification process of water may reduce the concentration of particulate matter including suspended particles, parasites, bacteria, algae, viruses, fungi; and a range of dissolved and particulate material derived from the surfaces that water may have made contact with after falling as rain. The standards for drinking water quality are typically set by governments or by international standards. These standards will typically set minimum and maximum concentrations of contaminants for the use that is to be made of the water. Chemical analysis, while expensive, is the only way to obtain the information necessary for deciding on the appropriate method of purification.

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