UniversityofBattambang

October03,2011

MICROBIOLOGY
Credit:3(2,1)

LIM SEIHA
FacultyofFoodProcessing,UniversityofBattambang Email:limseiha@ymail.com limseiha@ymail.com Tel:(855)67717727/(855)12881922 October03,2011

Assessment Methods
Criteria Participation Assignment Mid-term Final examination Total
2 University of Battambang

Allocated Scores 10% 20% 20% 50% 100%

10/5/2011

LimSeiha

UniversityofBattambang

October03,2011

Course Outline
Chapter 1 2 3 4 5 6 Title The world of the Microorganism Classification of Microorganisms Microbial Growth The Prokaryotes: Domains Archaea and Bacteria The Eukaryotes: Fungi, Algae, Protozoa Acellular: Viruses,Viroids, and P i A ll l Vi Vi id d Prions

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Chapter 1
The World of the Microorganism

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LimSeiha

UniversityofBattambang

October03,2011

Introduction
What is Microbiology?
Micro Bios Logy : : : too small to be seen with the naked eye y life - referring to living organisms meaning the study of .

Therefore, microbiology is
The study of Microorganisms or microbes Or the study of very small living organisms.

An organism is a living thing:

Ingests and breaks down food for energy and nutrients Excretes undigested food as waste Capable of reproduction
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Importance of Microbiology
Some of the general areas in which the expertise of a microbiologist might be used: Medicine Environmental science Food and drink production Fundamental research Agriculture g Pharmaceutical industry Genetic engineering
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What is a Microorganism?
Microorganisms are the subject of microbiology, which is the branch of science that studies microorganisms. A microorganism can be:
Acellular Cellular:
One cell or A cluster of cells

that can be seen only by using a microscope.

Organisms included in the study of Microbiology:

Bacteriology Virology Mycology Phycology Protozoology : : : : : Bacteria Virus Fungi Algae Protozoa

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Types of Microorganisms
Unfriendly Microorganisms
Some microorganisms infect: g
humans, animals and plants

Disease-causing microorganisms are known as pathogens. The two categories of disease caused by pathogens:
Infectious diseases result when a pathogen colonize (inhibits) the body and subsequently cause disease. Microbial intoxications result when a person ingests a toxin (poisonous substance) that has been produced by a microorganism in vitro (outside the body)
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UniversityofBattambang

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The two categories of diseases caused by pathogens

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Types of Microorganisms
Friendly Microorganisms
Not all microorganisms are pathogens g p g Many microorganisms
Help to maintain homeostasis in our bodies Are used in the production of food and Other commercial products.

Example: flora are microorganisms found in our intestines

Assist in the digestion of food Play a critical role in the formation of vitamins (B and K) Breaking down large molecules into smaller ones.

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LimSeiha

UniversityofBattambang

October03,2011

Chapter 2
Classification of Microorganisms

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Introduction
The science of classification, especially the classification of living , p y g things, is called taxonomy.
Taxis Nomas = = arrangement name

The primary goals of taxonomy are:

Classification Nomenclature Identification

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UniversityofBattambang

October03,2011

Kingdoms of Living Organisms

In 1969, Robert H. Whittaker: ,
Animalia Plantae Fungi Protista Monera (Procaryotae) : : : : : Animals Plants Fungi Algae and Protozoa Bacteria and Archaea d h

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Three Domains
In 1978, Carl Woese: ,
Bacteria
Unicellular prokaryotes with cell wall containing peptidoglycan

Archaea
Unicellular prokaryotes with no peptidoglycan in cell wall

Eukarya, which includes the following:

Protists Fungi Plants Animals
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Classification of organisms
Scientific Nomenclature Binomial nomenclature Every organism is assigned two names, or a binomial Use only the Genus and species (specific epithet) Genus and species are either underlined or italicized
Genus is always capitalized y p Species is never capitalized

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LimSeiha

UniversityofBattambang

October03,2011

Classification of organisms
Taxonomic Classification:
Kingdom (Domain) Ki d (D i ) Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species p

A species has two names; the first name is the genus, and the second name is the specific epithet.
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Classification of organisms
Classification of Prokaryotes Divided into two domains:
Bacteria Archaea Kingdom Monera

Classification of Eukaryotes Domain Eukarya

Kingdom Protista Kingdom Fungi Kingdom Plantae Kingdom Animalia
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UniversityofBattambang

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Classification of organisms
Classification of Viruses Not as part of any of the three domains Not composed of cells Obligatory intracellular parasites Acellular microbes include:
Viroids Prions Viruses

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Acellular and cellular microbes

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LimSeiha

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