Mechanics of Materials

EGN 3331
Lecture #1 Tuesday, August 23, 2011
Fall 2011
Ikiensinma Gogo-Abite
PhD student Civil Engineering
Email: ikiengogo@knights.ucf.edu
Phone: (407) 405-2732
Office: ENGR2 235
Office hours: Tue/Thu, 10:00 12:00 noon
Syllabus
Course Strategy
Study chapter from textbook
Try some suggested problems
Attend lectures, take notes and discuss
Form study groups
Complete problems (homework)
Keep up with the material (problem oriented class)
Problem-Solving Strategy
1. Read initial description carefully
2. Determine and note all information provided
3. Draw appropriate FBD; either the entire system or several
smaller sections (for simplicity)
4. Solve each section using appropriate models/equations
5. Verify continuity between different parts of the system (if
sub-divided)
6. Label and underline answers
Review of Statics Concepts
What is statics? Study of bodies at rest acted on by forces
Examples of bodies at rest:
Classification of Forces
Define force
Action of one body on another
Exist in equal magnitude, opposite direction pairs
Examples
Transverse loading perpendicular to longitudinal axis
Axial loading along longitudinal axis
Torsional loading twisting about longitudinal axis
Type of forces
Contact (surface) forces
Concentrated loads - point (F),
couples (F.L)
Line forces (F/L)
Applied concentrated and distributed forces
F
B
A
w
Reactions supporting forces
Internal forces
F
B
y
A
y
A
x
w
A
x
x
A
y
M
C
V
C
N
C
C
Equilibrium of a Rigid Body
Conditions for equilibrium
Vector equations:
x,y,z rectangular coordinate axes, scalar equations:
0 ; 0 = E = E
o
M F
0 ; 0 ; 0
0 ; 0 ; 0
= E = E = E
= E = E = E
z
M
y
M
x
M
z
F
y
F
x
F
In two dimension (2-D):
0 ; 0 ; 0 = E = E = E
z
M
y
F
x
F
y
x
Introduction to Mechanics of Materials
What is mechanics of materials?
branch of mechanics that relates external loads and reactions,
and the intensities of the internal loads within a deformable
body.
Other names are:
Strength of materials
Mechanics of solids
Mechanics of deformable bodies
What is a deformable body?
To relate the deformation to applied load, need to understand
how materials behave under load.
L
1
L
2
A
B
C
w

c
h
What we need to know about a structure.
Forces acting on and within
Cross-sectional properties
Length of structure
Deformation or deflection of the member
Material used to build the member
Diving board example
Break load and point it will occur
Relationship between deflection and weight of load at C
Shape and thickness of the board
Material type
L
1
L
2
A
B
C
w

c
h
Objective
Determine
stresses,
strains, and
displacements
For a structure to perform a certain function
material
sizes and proportions of various elements
For a given completed design
Economy
Without excessive deformation
For a given completed structure or machine
Actual load carrying capacity
Adequacy
Steps in the analysis of structures (deformable bodies)
External loads & Reactions
Internal forces (V, M, N)
Deformations
Stresses
Performance
& Stability
Quantity
International
System (SI)
US Customary System
(USCS)
Length (L) meter (m) feet (ft)
Mass (M) kilogram (kg) slug (lb-s
2
/ft)
Time (T) seconds (s) seconds (s)
Force (F) newton (N) pounds (lb)
Speed/velocity m/s ft/s
Stress Pascal (Pa or
N/m
2
)
pound per square inch (psi
or lb/in.
2
)
Strain Dimensionless
Calculate the support reactions and internal forces at point
C of this system
25 kips
B
A
2 kip/ft
4
3
3 6 9
C
3
Example
Solution
External loads & Reactions
Internal forces (V, M, N)
Deformations
Stresses
Performance
& Stability
FBD:
(4/5)25 kips
A
x
2kip/ft 9ft =18 kips
3 15 A
y
B
y
4.5 4.5
(3/5)25 kips
External Loads and Reactions
Apply Equilibrium Equations:
( )
|
|
.
|

\
|
|
.
|

\
|
|
|
.
|

\
|
|
.
|

\
|
|
.
|

\
|
|
.
|

\
|
|
.
|

\
|
| =
= + = E
=
= = E
| =
= = E
kip
y
A
y
A
y
F
kip
x
A
x
A
x
F
kip
y
B
y
B
A
M
83 . 16
0 17 . 21 20 18 ; 0
15
0 25
5
3
; 0
17 . 21
0 15 25
5
4
5 . 4 18 18 ; 0
+
+
+
Recall, Truss members are Two-force in nature
equal and opposite
acting along the axis
At section C
B
A
C
T
1
T
1
T
1
T
1
T
1
T
1
Internal Forces in a Structural Member
F
1
F
2
R
1
R
2
w
1
where F
1
and F
2
are point loads;
w
1
a distributed load;
R
1
and R
2
are reaction forces
F
1
F
2
R
1 R
2
w
1
M
M
V
V
N N
where N Normal force
V Shear force
M Bending moment
At C,
15 kips
12 kips
6
16.83 kips
3 3
M
C
V
C
N
C
C
ft kip
c
M
c
M
c
M
kip
c
V
c
V
y
F
kip
c
N
c
N
x
F
. 65
0 3 12 6 83 . 16 ; 0
83 . 4
0 12 83 . 16 ; 0
15
0 15 ; 0
=
= + + = E
=
= = E
=
= + = E
|
.
|

\
|
|
.
|

\
|
+
+
+
Reading Assignment
Appendix B
Sections 1.2 1.5