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FLIGHT MANUAL

P2002-JF

Introduction

FLIGHT MANUAL
Doc. n 2002/28 2nd edition, March 2nd 2010 3rd revision, February 10th 2011

P2002-JF
(FOR MTOW 580 KG AND MTOW 600 KG) MANUFACTURER: COSTRUZIONI AERONAUTICHE TECNAM S.r.l. AIRCRAFT MODEL: P2002-JF EASA TYPE CERTIFICATE NO. A .006 SERIAL NUMBER: BUILD YEAR: .. REGISTRATION MARKINGS: .... This manual contains information to be furnished to the pilot as required by EASA in addition to further information supplied by the manufacturer. This manual must always present on board the aircraft The aircraft is to be operated in compliance with information and limitations contained herein. Sections2, 3, 4, 5 and 9 (supp.1) are approved by EASA nEASA.AC.01372 dated 3/8/2005

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FLIGHT MANUAL RECORD of REVISIONS

P2002-JF

Introduction

Any revision to the present Manual, except actual weighing data, is recorded: a Record of Revisions is provided at the front of this manual and the operator is advised to make sure that the record is kept up-to-date. The Manual issue is identified by Edition and Revision codes reported on each page, lower right side. The revision code is numerical and consists of the number "0"; subsequent revisions are identified by the change of the code from "0" to "1" for the first revision to the basic publication, "2" for the second one, etc. Should be necessary to completely reissue a publication for contents and format changes, the Edition code will change to the next number (2 for the second edition, 3 for the third edition etc). Additions, deletions and revisions to existing text will be identified by a revision bar (black line) in the left-hand margin of the page, adjacent to the change. When technical changes cause expansion or deletion of text which results in unchanged text appearing on a different page, a revision bar will be placed in the right-hand margin adjacent to the page number of all affected pages providing no other revision bar appears on the page. These pages will be updated to the current regular revision date. NOTE: It is the responsibility of the owner to maintain this handbook in a current status when it is being used for operational purposes.

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FLIGHT MANUAL
Revised page i-3 Description of Revision Update RoR Tecnam Approval DO OoA Michele Oliva Michele Oliva Michele Oliva Michele Oliva Michele Oliva Michele Oliva Michele Oliva Michele Oliva Michele Oliva Michele Oliva Michele Oliva Michele Oliva Michele Oliva Michele Oliva Michele Oliva Michele Oliva Michele Oliva Michele Oliva Michele Oliva

P2002-JF

Introduction

Rev

HDO Luigi Pascale Luigi Pascale Luigi Pascale Luigi Pascale Luigi Pascale Luigi Pascale Luigi Pascale Luigi Pascale Luigi Pascale Luigi Pascale Luigi Pascale Luigi Pascale Luigi Pascale Luigi Pascale Luigi Pascale Luigi Pascale Luigi Pascale Luigi Pascale Luigi Pascale

EASA Approval Or Under DOA Privileges EASA third country validation EASA third country validation EASA third country validation EASA third country validation EASA third country validation EASA no. 10033399 EASA no. 10033399 EASA no. 10033399 EASA no. 10033399 EASA no. 10033399 EASA EASA EASA EASA EASA EASA EASA EASA EASA

Pasquale Violetti Pasquale i-4 thru 6 Update LOEP Violetti Pasquale 1 9-2 Update ToC Violetti Pasquale 9-3 Update Supplement list Violetti 9-18 thru Pasquale Add Supplement 6 9-34 Violetti Pasquale i-3 Update RoR Violetti Pasquale i-4 thru 6 Update LOEP Violetti Pasquale 2 9-2 Update ToC Violetti Pasquale 9-3 Update Supplement list Violetti 9-35 thru Pasquale Add Supplement 7 9-46 Violetti Pasquale i-3 Update RoR Violetti Pasquale i-4 thru 6 Update LOEP Violetti Update ToC pages Pasquale 9-1thru 2 numbers Violetti Pasquale 9-3 Update ToC Violetti Pasquale 3 9-4 Add blank page Violetti Pasquale 9-5 Update Supplement list Violetti Pasquale 9-1thru 49 Arrange material Violetti Pasquale 9-50 Add blank page Violetti 9-51 thru Pasquale Add Supplement 8 62 Violetti

2nd Edition Rev 3 10th February 2011

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FLIGHT MANUAL

P2002-JF

Introduction

LIST OF EFFECTIVE PAGES


All the editions and revisions are listed below with their respective date of issue: 1stEdition, Rev.0 1stEdition, Rev.1 1stEdition, Rev.2 1 Edition, Rev.3 2 Edition, Rev.0... 2ndEdition, Rev.1... 2ndEdition, Rev.2... 2ndEdition, Rev.3...
nd st

March 29th 2004 August 3rd 2005 October 23rd 2009 February 11th 2010 March 2nd 2010 November 12th 2010 December 12th 2010 February10th 2010

NOTE

The second edition has been issued in order to provide the pilot with the needful information about both 580 kg and 600 kg MTOW summarized in a compact form by means of simple tables.

2nd Edition Rev 3 10th February 2011

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FLIGHT MANUAL

P2002-JF

Introduction

Sect. Page 0 i-1 i-2 i-3 i-4 i-5 i-6 i-7 i-8 1-1 1-2 1-3 1-4 1-5 1-6 1-7 1-8 1-9 1-10 1-11 1-12 2-1 2-2 2-3 2-4 2-5 2-6 2-7 2-8 2-9 2-10 2-11 2-12 3-1 3-2 3-3

Date 12/12/10 2/3/10 10/2/11 2/3/10 2/3/10 2/3/10 2/3/10

Sect. Page 3 3-4 3-5 3-6 3-7 3-8 3-9 3-10

Date 2/3/10

Sect. Page 6 6-1 6-2 6-3 6-4 6-5 6-6 6-7 6-8 6-9 6-10 6-11 6-12 6-13 6-14 7-1 7-2 7-3 7-4 7-5 7-6 7-7 7-8 7-9 7-10 7-11 7-12 8-1 8-2 8-3 8-4 9-1 9-2 9-3 9-4 9-5

Date 2/3/10 2/3/10 2/3/10 10/2/11

Sect. Page 9 9-6 9-7 9-8 9-9 9-10 9-11 9-12 9-13 9-14 9-15 9-16 9-17 9-18 9-19 9-20 9-21 9-22 9-23 9-24 9-25 9-26 9-27 9-28 9-29 9-30 9-31 9-32 9-33 9-34 9-35 9-36 9-37 9-38 9-39 9-40 9-41 9-42 9-43

Date 10/2/11

4-1 4-2 4-3 4-4 4-5 4-6 4-7 4-8 4-9 4-10 4-11

2/3/10

5-1 5-2 5-3 5-4 5-5 5-6 5-7 5-8 5-9 5-10 5-11 5-12 5-13 5-14

2/3/10

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Sect. Page 9 9-44 9-45 9-46 9-47 9-48 9-49 9-50 9-51 9-52 9-53 9-54 9-55 9-56 9-57 9-58 9-59 9-60 9-61 9-62 Date 10/2/11 Sect. Page Date Sect. Page

P2002-JF

Introduction

Date

Sect. Page

Date

2nd Edition Rev 3 10th February 2011

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FLIGHT MANUAL TABLE OF CONTENTS


General Limitations Emergency Procedures Normal Procedures Performances Weight & Balance / Equipment List Systems Ground Handling, Servicing and Maintenance Supplements
* Section approved by EASA ** Section partially approved by EASA

P2002-JF

Introduction

Section 1 Section 2* Section 3* Section 4* Section 5** Section 6 Section 7 Section 8 Section 9*

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Introduction

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FLIGHT MANUAL

P2002-JF
SECTION 1 General

SECTION 1 GENERAL
TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................ 2 CERTIFICATION BASIS ............................................................................ 2 WARNINGS - CAUTIONS - NOTES .......................................................... 2 THREE-VIEW DRAWING.......................................................................... 3 DESCRIPTIVE DATA ................................................................................. 4 CONTROL SURFACES TRAVEL LIMITS ................................................ 4 ENGINE ....................................................................................................... 5 PROPELLER ................................................................................................ 5 FUEL ............................................................................................................ 6 OIL SYSTEM ............................................................................................... 6 COOLING .................................................................................................... 6 MAXIMUM WEIGHTS ............................................................................... 7 STANDARD WEIGHTS .............................................................................. 7 SPECIFIC LOADINGS ................................................................................ 7 ABBREVIATIONS AND TERMINOLOGY ............................................... 8 UNIT CONVERSION CHART ...................................................................11

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FLIGHT MANUAL INTRODUCTION

P2002-JF
SECTION 1 General

The P2002-JF is a twin seat, single engine aircraft with a tapered, low wing. fixed main landing gear and steerable nosewheel. This Flight Manual has been prepared to provide pilots and instructors with information for the safe and efficient operation of this very light aeroplane. This manual includes the material required to be furnished to the pilot of CS-VLA. It also contains supplemental data supplied by aeroplane manufacturer.

CERTIFICATION BASIS
This type of aircraft has been approved by the European Safety Aviation Agency in accordance with CS-VLA of 14 November 2003, and the Type Certificate No. A.006 issued on 27th May 2004. Category of Airworthiness: Normal Noise Certification Basis: EASA CS-36 1stedition dated 17th October 2003, with reference to ICAO/Annex 16 3rdedition dated 1993, Vol.1 Chapter 10.

WARNINGS - CAUTIONS - NOTES


The following definitions apply to warnings, cautions and notes used in the Flight Manual. WARNING Means that the non-observation of the corresponding procedure leads to an immediate or important degradation of the flight safety. Means that the non-observation of the corresponding procedure leads to a minor or to a more or less long term degradation of the flight safety. Draws the attention to any special item not directly related to safety but which is important or unusual.

CAUTION

NOTE

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FLIGHT MANUAL THREE-VIEW DRAWING

P2002-JF
SECTION 1 General

8.6 m

6.61 m

2.43 m

NOTE Dimensions shown refer to aircraft weight (for 580 kg and 600 kg) and normal operating tire pressure. Propeller ground clearance 320mm Propeller ground clearance with deflated front tire and nose wheel shock absorber compressed by 102mm Minimum ground steering radius 5.5m

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FLIGHT MANUAL

P2002-JF
SECTION 1 General

DESCRIPTIVE DATA
For 580 kg MTOW WING Wing span: Wing surface Wing loading Aspect ratio Taper ratio Dihedral FUSELAGE Overall length Overall width Overall height EMPENNAGE Stabilator span Vertical tail span LANDING GEAR Wheel track: Wheel base: Main gear tires: Air Trac Wheel hub and brakes: Cleveland Nose gear tire: Sava 2.90 m 1.10 m 2.90 m 1.10 m 6.61 m 1.11 m 2.43 m 6.61 m 1.11 m 2.43 m 8.6 m 11.5 m2 50.4 kg/m2 6.4 0.6 5 8.6 m 11.5 m2 52.2 kg/m2 6.4 0.6 5 For 600 kg MTOW

1.85 m 1.62 m 5.00-5 199-102 4.00-6

1.85 m 1.62 m 5.00-5 199-102 4.00-6

CONTROL SURFACES TRAVEL LIMITS


Ailerons Stabilator Trim-Tab Rudder Flaps Up 20 down 15 2 Up 15 down 3 1 2 ; 9 1 RH 30 LH 30 2 0; 40 1

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FLIGHT MANUAL ENGINE


Manufacturer: Model Certification basis Austrian T.C. No. Type: Bombardier-Rotax GmbH 912 S2 FAR 33 Amendment 15

P2002-JF
SECTION 1 General

TW 9-ACG dated 27th November 1998 4 cylinder horizontally-opposed twins with overall displacement of 1352 c.c., mixed cooling, (water-cooled heads and air-cooled cylinders), twin carburettors, integrated reduction gear with torque damper. 73.5 kW (98.5 hp) @ 5800 rpm (max. 5) 69.0 kW (92.5 hp) @ 5500 rpm (cont.)

Maximum power:

PROPELLER
Manufacturer: Certification Basis Type Certificate No. Model: Number of blades: Diameter: Type: Hoffmann Propeller CAR Part 14 SO/E 30 dated 10 December 1999 HO17GHM A 174 177 C 2 1740 mm (no reduction permitted) Fixed pitch wood

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FLIGHT MANUAL FUEL


Fuel grade:

P2002-JF
SECTION 1 General

MOGAS EN 228 Premium/Premium Plus (Min RON 95)

Fuel tanks:

AVGAS 100LL (see Section 2 page 11) 2 wing tanks integrated within the wings leading edge. Equipped with finger strainers outlet and with drain fittings. 50 liters 100 liters 99 litres

Capacity of each wing tank Total capacity: Total usable fuel

OIL SYSTEM
Oil system type: Oil: Forced, with external oil reservoir Lubricant specifications and grade are detailed into the Rotax Operators Manual and in its related documents. Max. 3.0 litres min. 2.0 liters

Oil Capacity:

COOLING
Cooling system: Coolant: Mixed air and liquid pressurized closed circuit system Coolant type and specifications are detailed into the Rotax Operators Manual and in its related documents.

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FLIGHT MANUAL

P2002-JF
SECTION 1 General

For 580 kg MTOW

For 600 kg MTOW

MAXIMUM WEIGHTS
Maximum take-off weight: Maximum landing weight: Maximum baggage weight 580 kg 580 kg 20 kg 600 kg 600 kg 20 kg

STANDARD WEIGHTS
Standard Empty Weight Maximum useful load 337 kg 243 kg 337 kg 263 kg

SPECIFIC LOADINGS
Wing Loading Power Loading 50.4 kg/m2 5.9 kg/hp 52.2 kg/m2 6.1 kg/hp

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FLIGHT MANUAL

P2002-JF
SECTION 1 General

ABBREVIATIONS AND TERMINOLOGY


GENERAL AIRSPEED TERMINOLOGY AND SYMBOLS KCAS KIAS KTAS Calibrated Airspeed is the indicated airspeed corrected for position and instrument error and expressed in knots. Indicated Airspeed is the speed shown on the airspeed indicator and expressed in knots. True Airspeed is the airspeed expressed in knots relative to undisturbed air which is KCAS corrected for altitude and temperature. Maximum Flap Extended Speed is the highest speed permissible with wing flaps in a prescribed extended position. Maximum Structural Cruising Speed is the speed that should not be exceeded except in smooth air, then only with caution. Never Exceed Speed is the speed limit that may not be exceeded at any time. Stalling Speed. Stalling speed in landing configuration Stalling speed in clean configuration (flap 0) Best Angle-of-Climb Speed is the speed which results in the greatest gain of altitude in a given horizontal distance. Best Rate-of-Climb Speed is the speed which results in the greatest gain in altitude in a given time. Rotation speed: is the speed at which the aircraft rotates about the pitch axis during takeoff Lift off speed: is the speed at which the aircraft generally lifts off from the ground. Obstacle speed: is the speed at which the aircraft flies over a 15m obstacle during takeoff or landing

V FE V NO V NE VS V S0 V S1 VX VY Vr V LO Vobs

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FLIGHT MANUAL
METEOROLOGICAL TERMINOLOGY OAT TS HP

P2002-JF
SECTION 1 General

Outside Air Temperature is the free air static temperature expressed in degrees Celsius (C). Standard Temperature is 15C at sea level pressure altitude and decreased by 2C for each 1000 ft of altitude. Pressure Altitude is the altitude read from an altimeter when the barometric subscale has been set to 1013 mb.

ENGINE POWER TERMINOLOGY RPM Revolutions Per Minute: is the number of revolutions per minute of the propeller, multiplied by 2.4286 yields engine RPM. AND FLIGHT PLANNING

AIRPLANE PERFORMANCE TERMINOLOGY Crosswind Velocity Usable fuel Unusable fuel g TOR TOD GR LD S/R

is the velocity of the crosswind component for which adequate control of the airplane during takeoff and landing is guaranteed. is the fuel available for flight planning. is the quantity of fuel that cannot be safely used in flight.. is the acceleration of gravity. is the takeoff distance measured from actual start to wheel liftoff point is total takeoff distance measured from start to 15m obstacle clearing is the distance measured during landing from actual touchdown to stop point is the distance measured during landing, from 15m obstacle clearing to actual stop. is specific range, that is, the distance (in nautical miles) which can be expected at a specific power setting and/or flight configuration per kilo of fuel used.

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FLIGHT MANUAL
WEIGHT AND BALANCE TERMINOLOGY Datum

P2002-JF
SECTION 1 General

Reference datum is an imaginary vertical plane from which all horizontal distances are measured for balance purposes. is the horizontal distance from the reference datum to the center of gravity (C.G.) of an item. is the product of the weight of an item multiplied by its arm. Center of Gravity is the point at which the airplane, or equipment, would balance if suspended. Its distance from the reference datum is found by dividing the total moment by the total weight of the airplane. Empty Weight is the weight of the aeroplane with engine fluids and oil at operating levels. is the difference between takeoff weight and the basic empty weight. is the maximum weight approved for the start of the takeoff run. is the maximum weight approved for the landing touch down. is the weight of chocks, blocks, stands, etc. used when weighing an airplane, and is included in the scale readings. Tare is deducted from the scale reading to obtain the actual (net) airplane weight.

Arm Moment C. G.

Empty Weight Useful Load Maximum Takeoff Weight Maximum Landing Weight Tare

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FLIGHT MANUAL UNIT CONVERSION CHART


MULTIPLYING
TEMPERATURE Fahrenheit Celsius FORCES Kilograms Pounds SPEED Meters per second Feet per minute Knots Kilometres / hour PRESSURE Atmosphere Pounds / sq. in LENGTH Kilometers Nautical miles Meters Feet Centimeters Inches VOLUME Liters U.S. Gallons AREA Square meters Square feet [m2] [sq ft] 10.76 0.0929 [l] [US Gal] 0.2642 3.785 U.S. Gallons Liters [km] [nm] [m] [ft] [cm] [in] 0.5396 1.853 3.281 0.3048 0.3937 2.540 [atm] [psi] 14.7 0.068 [m/s] [ft/min] [kts] [km/h] 196.86 0.00508 1.853 0.5396 [kg] [lbs] 2.205 0.4536 Pounds Kilograms [F] [C]
5 ( F 32) 9 9 C + 32 5

P2002-JF
SECTION 1 General

BY

YIELDS

Celsius Fahrenheit

[C] [F]

[lbs] [kg] [ft/min] [m/s] [km/h] [kts] [psi] [atm] [nm] [km] [ft] [m] [in] [cm] [US Gal] [l] [sq ft] [m2]

Feet per minute Meters per second. Kilometres / hour Knots Pounds / sq. in Atmosphere Nautical miles Kilometers Feet Meters Inches Centimeters

Square feet Square meters

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SECTION 1 General

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P2002-JF

FLIGHT MANUAL

SECTION 2 L imitations

SECTION 2 LIMITATIONS
TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................2 AIRSPEED LIMITATIONS ....................................................................................2 AIRSPEED INDICATOR MARKINGS ..................................................................3 POWERPLANT LIMITATIONS .............................................................................4 LUBRICANT ...........................................................................................................5 COOLANT ...............................................................................................................6 PROPELLER ............................................................................................................6 POWERPLANT INSTRUMENT MARKINGS .......................................................7 OTHER INSTRUMENT MARKINGS ....................................................................7 WEIGHTS ................................................................................................................8 CENTER OF GRAVITY RANGE ...........................................................................8 APPROVED MANEUVERS ...................................................................................9 MANEUVERING LOAD FACTOR LIMITS..........................................................9 FLIGHT CREW .....................................................................................................10 KINDS OF OPERATION ......................................................................................10 FUEL ......................................................................................................................11 MAXIMUM PASSENGER SEATING ..................................................................11 DEMONSTRATED CROSS WIND SAFE OPERATIONS ..................................11 LIMITATION PLACARDS ...................................................................................12

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P2002-JF

FLIGHT MANUAL INTRODUCTION

SECTION 2 L imitations

Section 2 includes operating limitations, instrument markings, and basic placards necessary for safe operation of the P2002-JF, its engine and standard systems and equipment.

AIRSPEED LIMITATIONS
Airspeed limitations and their operational significance are shown below:

SPEED

580 kg MTOW

600 kg MTOW

REMARKS

KIAS KCAS KIAS KCAS

VNE

Never exceed speed Maximum Structural Cruising Speed

138

135 141 138

Never exceed this speed in any operation. Never exceed this speed unless in smooth air, and then only with caution. Do not make full or abrupt control movements above this speed as this may cause stress in excess of limit load factor

VNO

110

106 112 108

VA

Manoeuvring speed

96

94

98

96

VFE

Maximum flap extended speed

LDG

67 97

69 95

68 99

70 97

APP

Do not exceed these speeds with the given flap setting.

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P2002-JF

FLIGHT MANUAL AIRSPEED INDICATOR MARKINGS

SECTION 2 L imitations

Airspeed indicator markings and their colour code are explained in the following table. Refer to section 9 of this Flight Manual for operational limitations for aircraft fitted with optional equipment. 580 kg MTOW 600 kg MTOW

MARKING

SIGNIFICANCE Positive Flap Operating Range (lower limit is V SO , at specified maximum weight and upper limit is the maximum speed permissible with landing flaps extension). Normal Operating Range (lower limit is VS1 at specified maximum weight and most forward c.g. with flaps retracted and upper limit is maximum structural speed V NO ). Manoeuvres must be conducted with caution and only in smooth air. Maximum speed for all operations.

KIAS (knots)

White arc

30 - 67

31 - 68

Green arc

40 110

41 112

Yellow arc Red line

110 - 138 138

112 - 141 141

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P2002-JF

FLIGHT MANUAL POWERPLANT LIMITATIONS

SECTION 2 L imitations

The following table lists operating limitations for aircraft installed engine: ENGINE MANUFACTURER: Bombardier Rotax GmbH. ENGINE MODEL: 912 S2 MAXIMUM POWER: (see table below) Max Power kW (hp) Max. Max cont. NOTE With full throttle, at fixed point in no wind conditions, the maximum propellers rpm should be 2100 100. TEMPERATURES: Max cylinder heads Max. / min. Oil Oil normal operating temperature (approx.) OIL PRESSURE: Min Normal 0.8 bar 2.0 - 5.0 bar (below 1400 rpm prop.) (above 1400 rpm prop.) 135 C 50 C / 130 C 90 C 110 C 73.5 (98.5) 69 (92.5) Max rpm. rpm prop.(engine) 2388 (5800) 2265 (5500) Time max. (min.) 5 -

ENGINE START, OPER. TEMP: OAT Min OAT Max -25 C +50 C

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P2002-JF

FLIGHT MANUAL
WARNING

SECTION 2 L imitations

Admissible pressure for cold start is 7 bar maximum for short periods.

FUEL PRESSURE: Min Max 2.2 psi (0.15 bar) 5.8 psi (0.40 bar)

LUBRICANT
VISCOSITY Use viscosity grade oil as specified in the following table:

WARNING
Use of Aviation Grade Oil with or without additives is not permitted

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P2002-JF

FLIGHT MANUAL COOLANT

SECTION 2 L imitations

Coolant type and specifications are detailed into the Rotax Operators Manual and in its related documents.

PROPELLER
MANUFACTURER: Hoffmann Propeller GmbH MODEL: HO17GHM A 174 177 C PROPELLER TYPE: Wood twin blade fixed pitch DIAMETER: 1740 mm (no reduction permitted)

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P2002-JF

FLIGHT MANUAL

SECTION 2 L imitations

POWERPLANT INSTRUMENT MARKINGS


Powerplant instrument markings and their colour code significance are shown below:
RED LINE INSTRUMENT GREEN ARC YELLOW ARC RED LINE

Minimum limit ---50 ---0.8 2.2 ---- (2)

Normal operating 580 - 2265 90 - 110 0 - 135 25 2.2 5.8 ----

Caution 2265 - 2388 50 - 90 110 - 130 ---0.8 2 5 7 (1) -------

Maximum limit 2388 130 135 7 5.8 ----

Prop. tach Oil Temp. Cylinder heads temp. Oil pressure Fuel press. Fuel q.ty

rpm C C bar psi litres

OTHER INSTRUMENT MARKINGS


INSTRUMENT

RED LINE

GREEN ARC

YELLOW ARC

RED LINE

Minimum limit Voltmeter Suction gage 10 Volt 4.0 in. Hg

Normal operating 12 - 14 Volt 4.5 5.5 in. Hg

Caution -------

Maximum limit -------

1 Admissible pressure for cold start is 7 bar maximum for short periods. 2 The unusable fuel quantity for each tank is 0.5 litres

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P2002-JF

FLIGHT MANUAL WEIGHTS


580 kg MTOW Maximum takeoff weight: Maximum landing weight: Maximum zero fuel weight: Maximum baggage weight (2.26 m aft from datum): 580 kg 580 kg 580 kg 20 kg

SECTION 2 L imitations

600 kg MTOW 600 kg 600 kg 600 kg 20 kg

CENTER OF GRAVITY RANGE


Datum Propeller support flange without spacer

WARNING Ref. for levelling Forward limit Aft limit Seat track supporting trusses (ref. to sect.6 for the procedure) 1.693 m (26.0% MAC) aft of datum for all weights 1.782 m (32.5% MAC) aft of datum for all weights

It is the pilot's responsibility to insure that the airplane is properly loaded. Refer to section 6 for appropriate instructions.

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P2002-JF

FLIGHT MANUAL

SECTION 2 L imitations

APPROVED MANEUVERS
This aircraft is certified in normal category under EASA CS-VLA. CS-VLA applies to aeroplanes intended for non-aerobatic operation only. Non aerobatic operation includes: Any manoeuvre pertaining to normal flight Stalls (except whip stalls) Lazy eights Chandelles Turns in which the angle of bank is not more than 60 Acrobatic manoeuvres, including spins, are not approved. Recommended entry speeds for each approved manoeuvre are as follows: MANOEUVRE Speed (KIAS) 580 kg MTOW Lazy eight Chandelle Steep turn (max 60) Stall 96 110 96 600 kg MTOW 98 112 98

Slow deceleration (1 kts/s) Slow deceleration (1 kts/s) Limit load factor could be exceeded by moving abruptly flight controls at their end run at a speed above V A (Manoeuvring Speed: 96 KIAS for 580kg MTOW, 98 KIAS for 600kg MTOW).

WARNING

MANEUVERING LOAD FACTOR LIMITS


Manoeuvring load factors are as follows: FLAPS 0 40 +3.8 +1.9 - 1.9 0

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P2002-JF

FLIGHT MANUAL FLIGHT CREW


Minimum crew for flight is one pilot seated on the left side.

SECTION 2 L imitations

KINDS OF OPERATION
The airplane, in standard configuration, is approved only for day VFR operation with terrain visual contact. Minimum equipment required is as follows:

Altimeter Airspeed Indicator Heading Indicator Fuel Gauges Oil Pressure Indicator Oil Temp. Indicator Cylinder Heads Temp. Indicator Outside Air Temp. indicator Tachometer Chronometer First Aid Kit Hand-held fire extinguisher Emergency hammer

For further standard equipment refer to section 6. Flight into expected and/or known icing conditions is prohibited.

NOTE Additional equipments may be asked to fulfill national or specific requirements. Its a responsibility of the continued airworthiness manager to be compliant with these requirements.

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P2002-JF

FLIGHT MANUAL FUEL


TWO TANKS: 50 liters each TOTAL FUEL CAPACITY: 100 liters. USABLE FUEL Q.TY: 99 liters UNUSABLE FUEL Q.TY: 0.5 liters each (1.0 litres total)

SECTION 2 L imitations

Compensate uneven fuel tank levels by acting on the fuel selector valve located into the cabin. APPROVED FUEL MOGAS EN 228 Premium/ Premium plus (min RON 95) AVGAS 100LL (see Warning below) WARNING Prolonged use of Aviation Fuel Avgas 100LL results in greater wear of valve seats and greater combustion deposits inside cylinders due to higher lead content. It is therefore suggested to avoid using this type of fuel unless strictly necessary.

MAXIMUM PASSENGER SEATING


With the exception of the pilot, only one passenger is allowed on board of this aircraft.

DEMONSTRATED CROSS WIND SAFE OPERATIONS


The aircraft controllability during take-offs and landings has been demonstrated with a cross wind components of 22 kts.

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P2002-JF

FLIGHT MANUAL LIMITATION PLACARDS

SECTION 2 L imitations

The following limitation placards must be placed in plain view on the aircraft. Near the airspeed indicator a placard will state the following: MANEUVERING SPEED V A =96 KIAS MANEUVERING SPEED V A =98 KIAS for 580 kg MTOW for 600 kg MTOW

On the left hand side of the dashboard a placard will state the following: THIS AIRPLANE IS CLASSIFIED AS A VERY LIGHT AIRPLANE APPROVED FOR DAY VFR ONLY, IN NON-ICING CONDITIONS. ALL
AEROBATIC MANEUVERS INCLUDING INTENTIONAL SPIN ARE PROHIBITED. SEE FLIGHT MANUAL FOR OTHER LIMITATIONS.

NO SMOKING Near baggage compartment a placard will state the following: FASTEN TIE-DOWN NET MAXIMUM WEIGHT 20 kg MAX. PRESS 12.5 Kg/dm2 On the wing root there is the following placard: NO STEP For other placards see Maintenance Manual doc. 2002/30.

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FLIGHT MANUAL

P2002-JF
SECTION

Emergency Procedures

SECTION 3 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES


TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................2 ENGINE FAILURES ...............................................................................................2 IN-FLIGHT ENGINE RESTART ............................................................................5 SMOKE AND FIRE .................................................................................................5 GLIDE ......................................................................................................................6 LANDING EMERGENCY ......................................................................................7 RECOVERY FROM UNINTENTIONAL SPIN .....................................................8 OTHER EMERGENCIES ........................................................................................8

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FLIGHT MANUAL INTRODUCTION

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SECTION

Emergency Procedures

Section 3 includes checklists and detailed procedures to be used in the event of emergencies. Emergencies caused by a malfunction of the aircraft or engine are extremely rare if appropriate maintenance and pre-flight inspections are carried out. In case of emergency, suggestions of the present section should be considered and applied as necessary to correct the problem. Before operating the aircraft, the pilot should become thoroughly familiar with the present manual and, in particular, with the present section. Further, a continued and appropriate training should be provided. In case of emergency the pilot should acts as follows: 1. Keep control of the aeroplane 2. Analyze the situation 3. Apply the pertinent procedure 4. Inform the Air Traffic Control if time and conditions allow.

ENGINE FAILURES
If an emergency arise, the basic guidelines described in this section should be considered and applied as necessary to correct the problem.

ENGINE FAILURE DURING TAKEOFF RUN


1. Throttle: idle (fully out) 2. Brakes: apply as needed 3. Magnetos: OFF. 4. Generator & Master switches: OFF. With the aeroplane under control 5. Fuel selector valve: OFF 6. Electric fuel pump: OFF

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SECTION

Emergency Procedures

ENGINE FAILURE IMMEDIATELY AFTER TAKEOFF


Speed: check Find a suitable place on the ground to land safely. The landing should be planned straight ahead with only small changes in directions not exceeding 45 to the left and 45 to the right 3. Flaps: as needed. 4. Throttle: as required At touch down 5. Magnetos: OFF 6. Generator & Master switches: OFF. 7. Fuel selector valve: OFF 8. Electric fuel pump: OFF 1. 2.

ENGINE FAILURE DURING FLIGHT


IRREGULAR ENGINE RPM 1. Throttle: check position and adjustable friction 2. Check engine gauges. 3. Check both fuel quantity indicators. 4. Carburettors heating: ON 5. Electric fuel pump: ON If the engine continues to run irregularly: 6. Fuel selector valve: change the fuel feeding to the tank not in use (e.g. if you are drawing fuel from the LEFT tank, change to RIGHT or v.v.) If the engine continues to run irregularly: 7. Land as soon as possible.

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SECTION

Emergency Procedures

LOW FUEL PRESSURE If the fuel pressure indicator falls below the 2.2 psi (0.15 bar) limit, it is necessary to apply the following procedure: 1. Fuel quantity indicators: check 2. Electric fuel pump: ON If the engine continues to run irregularly: 3. Fuel selector valve: change the fuel feeding to the tank not in use (e.g. if you are drawing fuel from the LEFT tank, change to RIGHT or v.v.) If the fuel pressure continues to be low: 4. Land as soon as possible

LOW OIL PRESSURE 1. Check oil temperature: check If the temperature tends to increase: 2. Throttle: set to reach a speed of 69 KIAS (maximum efficiency speed) 3. Land as soon as possible and be alert for impending engine fault and consequent emergency landing. If the temperature remains within the green arc limits: 4. Land as soon as possible

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FLIGHT MANUAL IN-FLIGHT ENGINE RESTART


1. Altitude: preferably below 4000 ft 2. Carburettors heating: ON 3. Electric fuel pump: ON 4. Fuel selector valve: swap from one tank to another 5. Throttle: middle position 6. Generator & Master switch: ON 7. Magnetos: START If the restart attempt fails: 8. Procedure for a forced landing: apply In case of an engine restart: 9. Land as soon as possible.

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SECTION

Emergency Procedures

SMOKE AND FIRE


ENGINE FIRE DURING TAKEOFF
1. Throttle: idle (fully out) 2. Brakes: as necessary With the aeroplane under control 3. Fuel selector valve: OFF 4. Electric fuel pump: OFF 5. Cabin heating: OFF 6. Magnetos: OFF 7. Generator & Master switch: OFF 8. Parking brake: engage 9. Escape rapidly from the aircraft.

ENGINE FIRE WHILE PARKED


1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Fuel selector valve: OFF Electric fuel pump: OFF Magnetos: OFF Generator & Master switches: OFF Parking brake: ON Do not attempt air start. Escape rapidly from the aircraft.

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ENGINE FIRE IN-FLIGHT
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Cabin heating: OFF Fuel selector valve: OFF Electric fuel pump: OFF Throttle: full in until the engine stops running Cabin vents: OPEN Magnetos: OFF Do not attempt an in-flight restart. Procedure for a forced landing: apply

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SECTION

Emergency Procedures

CABIN FIRE DURING FLIGHT


1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Cabin heating: OFF Cabin vents: OPEN Canopy: open, if necessary Master switch: OFF Try to choke the fire. Direct the fire extinguisher towards flame base Procedure for a forced landing: apply

GLIDE
1. 2. 3. 4. Flaps: retract Speed: 69 KIAS (maximum efficiency speed) Electric equipments (Landing, Strobo & Nav lights): OFF In-flight engine restart: if conditions permit, try to restart several times NOTE Glide ratio is 12.8 therefore with 1000ft elevation it is possible to cover ~4 km (~2 nautical miles) in zero wind conditions.

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FLIGHT MANUAL LANDING EMERGENCY

P2002-JF
SECTION

Emergency Procedures

FORCED LANDING WITHOUT ENGINE POWER


1. Procedure to glide: apply (suggested airspeed 69 KIAS) 2. Locate most suitable terrain for emergency landing, possibly upwind. 3. Fuel selector valve: OFF 4. Electric fuel pump: OFF 5. Magnetos: OFF 6. Tighten safety belts, canopy locks: tighten lock When certain to land 7. Flaps: as necessary 8. Generator and Master switches: OFF.

POWER-ON FORCED LANDING


Descent: set Flaps: as necessary Select terrain area most suitable for emergency landing and flyby checking for obstacles and wind direction. 4. Safety belts, canopy locks: tighten lock When certain to land 5. Flaps: as necessary 6. Fuel selector valve: OFF 7. Electric fuel pump: OFF 8. Magnetos: OFF 9. Generator and Master switches: OFF 1. 2. 3.

LANDING WITH A FLAT NOSE TIRE


1. 2. 3. Pre-landing checklist: complete Flaps: land Land and maintain aircraft NOSE HIGH attitude as long as possible.

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FLIGHT MANUAL
LANDING WITH A FLAT MAIN TIRE

P2002-JF
SECTION

Emergency Procedures

1. Pre-landing checklist: complete 2. Flaps: land 3. Land aeroplane on the side of runway opposite to the side with the defective tire to compensate for change in direction which is to be expected during final rolling 4. Touchdown with the GOOD TIRE FIRST and hold aircraft with the flat tire off the ground as long as possible.

RECOVERY FROM UNINTENTIONAL SPIN


If unintentional spin occurs, the following recovery procedure should be used: 1. Throttle: idle (full out position) 2. Rudder: full, in the opposite direction of the spin 3. Stick: move and hold forward until spin is halted As the spin is halted 4. Rudder: neutralize 5. Aeroplane attitude: make a smooth recovery by pulling the stick back gently averting speeds in excess of V NE and maximum load factor (n=+3.8) 6. Throttle: readjust to restore engine power.

OTHER EMERGENCIES
UNINTENTIONAL FLIGHT INTO ICING CONDITIONS
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Carburettor heating: ON Get away from icing conditions by changing altitude or direction of flight in order to reach an area with warmer external temperature Controls surfaces: continue to move to maintain their movability Increase rpm to avoid ice formation on propeller blades. Cabin heat: ON
WARNING

In case of ice formation on wing leading edge, stall speed may increase.

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FLIGHT MANUAL
CARBURETTOR HEAT
AT TAKEOFF

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SECTION

Emergency Procedures

At takeoff, given the unlikely possibility of ice formation at full throttle, carburettor heat is normally OFF. IN FLIGHT With external temperatures below 15 C, or on rainy days or with humid, cloudy, hazy or foggy conditions or whenever a power loss is detected, turn carburettor heat to ON until engine power is back to normal.

ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEM MALFUNCTION


Electric power supply system malfunctions may be avoided by carrying out inspections as scheduled and prescribed in the Maintenance Manual. Causes for malfunctions are hard to establish but, in any case, problems of this nature must be dealt with immediately. The following may occur:

GENERATOR LIGHT ILLUMINATES Generator light may illuminate for a faulty alternator or when voltage is above 16V, in this case the over-voltage sensor automatically shuts down the alternator. In both cases proceed as follows: 1. Generator switch and master switch: OFF 2. Generator switch and master switch: ON If the problem persist 3. Generator switch: OFF 4. Non vital electric equipments: OFF 5. Radio calls: reduce at the strictly necessary NOTE The battery is capable of supply the electrical system enough time to complete flight in emergency conditions, with normal flight electric-loads including operation of flap and trim.

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SECTION

Emergency Procedures

TRIM SYSTEM FAILURE


LOCKED CONTROL In case the trim control should not respond, act as follows: 1. 2. 3. 4. Breakers: check Trim switch Lh/Rh: check for correct position Speed: adjust to control aircraft without excessive stick force Land aircraft as soon as possible.

RUNAWAY If trim position indicator reads displacement without pilot's action on trim control, follow procedure below: 1. 2. 3. Trim power switch: OFF Speed: adjust speed to control aircraft without excessive stick force Land aircraft as soon as possible.

ESCAPING THROUGH A LOCKED CANOPY


With the engine shut off: 1. Using the emergency hammer to break a canopys glass. 2. If it is possible, try to enlarge the hole and remove any splinter.

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SECTION 4 Normal Procedures

SECTION 4 NORMAL PROCEDURES


TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................2 RIGGING AND DERIGGING ENGINE COWLING .............................................2 PRE-FLIGHT INSPECTIONS .................................................................................3 CHECKLISTS ..........................................................................................................7

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FLIGHT MANUAL INTRODUCTION

SECTION 4 Normal Procedures

Section 4 contains checklists and the procedures for the conduct of normal operation.

RIGGING AND DERIGGING ENGINE COWLING


UPPER COWLING: I. II. Parking brake: ON Fuel selector valve: OFF

III. Magnetos: OFF IV. Generator & Master switches: OFF V. Unlatch all four butterfly Cam-locks mounted on the cowling by rotating them 90 counterclockwise while slightly pushing inwards.

VI. Remove engine cowling paying attention to propeller shaft passing through nose. VII. To assemble: rest cowling horizontal insuring proper fitting of nose base reference pins. VIII. Secure latches by applying light pressure, check for proper assembly and fasten Cam-locks. WARNING Butterfly Cam-locks are locked when tabs are horizontal and open when tabs are vertical. Verify tab is below latch upon closing.

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FLIGHT MANUAL
LOWER COWLING I. II.

SECTION 4 Normal Procedures

After disassembling upper cowling, move the propeller to a horizontal position. Using a standard screwdriver, press and rotate 90 the two Cam-locks positioned on lower cowling by the firewall.

III. Disconnect the ram-air duct from the NACA intake. Pull out the first hinge pin positioned on the side of the firewall, then, while holding cowling, pull out second hinge pin; remove cowling with downward motion. IV. For installation follow reverse procedure.

PRE-FLIGHT INSPECTIONS
Before each flight, it is necessary to carry out a complete inspection of the aircraft starting with an external inspection followed by an internal inspection as below detailed.

CABIN INSPECTION A Flight Manual: check that a copy is on board B Weight and balance: check if within limits C Safety belts: flight controls free from safety belts D Magnetos: OFF E Master switch: ON and check the operation of the acoustic stall warning F Voltmeter: check (10-12 V); Ammeter check (red). G Master switch: OFF H Baggage: check for a proper stowage and fastening with the retaining net

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FLIGHT MANUAL
EXTERNAL INSPECTION

SECTION 4 Normal Procedures

To carry out the external inspection it will be necessary to follow the checklist below with the station order outlined in fig. 4-1. WARNING

Visual inspection is defined as follows: check for defects, cracks, detachments, excessive play, unsafe or improper installation as well as for general condition. For control surfaces, visual inspection also involves additional check for freedom of movement and security. A Left fuel filler cap: check visually for desired fuel level. Drain the left fuel tank by drainage valve using a cup to collect fuel. Check for water or other contaminants.

FIG. 4-1

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WARNING

SECTION 4 Normal Procedures

Fuel level indicated by the fuel quantity indicators (on the instrument panel) is only indicative. For flight safety, pilot should verify actual fuel quantity embarked before takeoff. B Remove protection cap and check the Pitot tube and the static ports mounted on left wing are unobstructed, do not blow inside vents, place protection cap inside the aircraft. C Left side leading edge and wing skin: visual inspection D Left aileron: visual inspection; Left tank vent: check for obstructions. E Left flap and hinges: visual inspection F Left main landing gear; check inflation 23 psi (1.6 bar), tire condition, alignment, fuselage skin condition. G Horizontal tail and tab: visual inspection. H Vertical tail and rudder: visual inspection. I Right main landing gear; check inflation 23 psi (1.6 bar), tire condition, alignment, fuselage skin condition.

L Right flap and hinges: visual inspection. M Right aileron: visual inspection; Right side tank vent: check for obstructions. N Right leading edge and wing skin: visual inspection. O Right the side fuel filler cap for desired fuel level and secure. Drain the right fuel tank by the drainage valve using a cup to collect fuel. Check for water or other contaminants. P Set the fuel selector valve to OFF. Drain circuit using a cup to collect fuel by opening the specific drainage valve (part of the gascolator). Check for water or other contaminants (drainage operation must be carried out with the aircraft parked on a level surface). Q Nose wheel strut and tire: check inflation 15 psi (1.0 bar), tire condition and condition of rubber shock absorber discs. R Propeller and spinner condition: check for nicks and security. S Open engine cowling and perform the following checklist: I. Check no foreign objects are present. 4-5

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FLIGHT MANUAL
II.

SECTION 4 Normal Procedures

Check the cooling circuit for losses, check coolant level into the expansion tank, insure radiator honeycomb is unobstructed.

III. Check lubrication circuit for losses, check oil reservoir level, and insure radiator honeycomb is unobstructed. IV. Inspect fuel circuit for losses. V. Check integrity of silent-block suspensions.

VI. Check connection and integrity of air intake system, visually inspect that ram air intake is unobstructed. VII. Check that all parts are secured or safetied. T Close engine cowling. U Visual inspection of the Landing Light. V Remove tow bar and chocks. NOTE Avoid blowing inside Pitot-tube and inside airspeed indicator system's static vents as this may damage instruments.

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FLIGHT MANUAL CHECKLISTS


BEFORE STARTING ENGINE (after preflight inspection) I.

SECTION 4 Normal Procedures

Flight controls: operate until their stop checking for movement smoothness

II. Parking brake: engage III. Throttle: adjust friction IV. Generator switch: ON, generator light ON, check the ammeter. V. Electric fuel pump: ON, (check for audible pump noise and fuel pressure) VI. Electric fuel pump: OFF VII. Avionic Master switch (if installed): ON, instruments check, then set in OFF position VIII.Flap control: operate flap throughout their extreme positions IX. Trim control: operate from both left and right controls the trim between its extreme positions checking the trim position indicator X. Nav. light & Strobe light: ON XI. Landing light: ON, check XII. Landing light: OFF XIII.Fuel quantity: compare the fuel levels read by the fuel quantity indicators with the quantity present into the tanks (see Pre-flight inspection External inspection) XIV.Flight planning, fuel consumption, refuelling. XV. Seat position and safety belts adjustment NOTE In the absence of the passenger: fasten seat belts around the free seat so as to prevent interference with the operation of the aeroplane and with rapid egress in an emergency. XVI.Canopy: Closed and locked

CAUTION Master Avionic switch (if installed) must be set OFF during the engines start-up to prevent avionic equipments damages. 2ndEdition Rev 0 2nd March 2010 4-7

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FLIGHT MANUAL
STARTING ENGINE I. II. Circuit Breakers: check IN Master switch ON. Check Voltmeter and Ammeter

SECTION 4 Normal Procedures

III. Fuel selector valve: LEFT or RIGHT IV. Electric fuel pump: ON (check for audible pump noise and fuel pressure) V. Engine throttle: idle

VI. Choke: as needed VII. Propeller area: CLEAR VIII. Strobe light: ON WARNING Check to insure no person or object is present in the area close to propeller.

IX. Magnetos: BOTH X. Magnetos: START

XI. Generator switch ON and the check Ammeter green. XII. Check oil pressure rise within 10 sec. (maximum cold value 7 bar) XIII. Check engine instruments XIV. Choke: OFF XV. Propeller rpm: 1000-1100 rpm XVI. Electric fuel pump: OFF XVII.Check fuel pressure XVIII.Electric fuel pump: ON

BEFORE TAXIING I. II. Radio and Avionics: ON Altimeter: set

III. Direction indicator: set in accordance with the magnetic compass IV. Parking brake: OFF and taxi 2ndEdition Rev 0 2nd March 2010

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FLIGHT MANUAL
TAXIING I. Brakes: check II. Flight instruments: check

SECTION 4 Normal Procedures

PRIOR TO TAKE-OFF I. II. Parking brake: ON Check engine instruments: Oil temperature: 50-110 Cylinder heads temperature: max 135 Oil pressure: 2-5 bar (above 1400 rpm); 0.8 bar (below 1400 rpm) Fuel pressure: 2.2 5.8 psi (0.15-0.40 bar) III. IV. Generator light: OFF (check) Propellers rpm: 1560 and test magnetos (speed drop with only one ignition circuit must not exceed 130 props rpm; maximum difference of speed by use of either circuits LEFT or RIGHT is 50 rpm). Check fuel quantity indicators. Flaps: T/O (15) Stick free and trim set at zero Seat belts fastened and canopy closed and locked

V. VI. VII. VIII.

TAKEOFF AND CLIMB I. II. III. IV. V. VI. VII. VIII. Call TWR for takeoff Check for clear final and wind on runway Parking brake: OFF Carburetor heat: OFF Taxi to line-up Check magnetic compass and direction indicator Full throttle (approx. 2100 100 rpm) Engine instruments: check 4-9

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IX. X. XI. XII. XIII. XIV. XV.

SECTION 4 Normal Procedures

Rotation speed Vr = 45 KIAS (580 kg MTOW)/ 46 KIAS (600 kg MTOW) Rotation and takeoff Slight braking to stop wheel spinning Flaps: retraction (at 300ft AGL) Establish climb rate Vy (580kg MTOW: 65 KIAS; 600kg MTOW: 66 KIAS) Trim adjustment Electric fuel pump: OFF

CRUISE I. II. Reach cruising altitude Set power and engine rpm's for cruise. Oil temperature: 90-110 C. Temperature cylinder heads: 90 135 C Oil pressure: 2 - 5 bar. Fuel pressure: 2.2 5.8 psi (0.15 0.40 bar) IV. Carburettor heat as needed, see paragraph on carb. heat in Section 3.

III. Check engine instruments

NOTE

Compensate unpredicted asymmetrical fuel consumption between left and right fuel tanks operating the fuel selector valve. Switch on the electric fuel pump prior to swap the fuel feeding from one tank to another

BEFORE LANDING I. II. III. Electric fuel pump: ON On downwind leg: speed: 68 KIAS (for both MTOW); Flaps: T/O (15) On final leg: speed: 63 KIAS (for both MTOW); Flaps: Land (40) 4-10

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FLIGHT MANUAL
IV. V. Establish descent

SECTION 4 Normal Procedures

Optimal touchdown speed: 51 KIAS (for both MTOW)

BALKED LANDING I. II. III. IV. Full throttle Speed: 61 KIAS (for both MTOW) Electric fuel pump: ON (check) Flaps position: TO

AFTER LANDING I. II. III. IV. Taxiing at an appropriate speed Flaps: UP Complete stop at parking Parking brake: engage

ENGINE SHUT DOWN I. II. III. IV. V. VI. VII. VIII. Keep engine running at 1200 rpm for about one minute in order to reduce latent heat. Electric fuel pump: OFF Turn off all electrical utilities (with the exception of the Strobe Light) Magnetos: OFF Strobe light: OFF Master & Generator switches: OFF Fuel selector valve: OFF Parking brake: engaged (check)

POSTFLIGHT CHECK I. II. Insert hood over pitot tube on left wing Close canopy.

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SECTION 5 Performances

SECTION 5 PERFORMANCES
TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................... 2 USE OF PERFORMANCE CHARTS ........................................................................ 2 AIRSPEED INDICATOR SYSTEM CALIBRATION .............................................. 3 STALL SPEED (APPROVED DATA) .............................................................................. 5 CROSSWIND ............................................................................................................. 6 TAKEOFF PERFORMANCES (APPROVED DATA) ..................................................... 7 CLIMB PERFORMANCES ....................................................................................... 9 CRUISE .................................................................................................................... 10 BALKED LANDING ............................................................................................... 11 LANDING DISTANCE (APPROVED DATA)............................................................... 12 CONSEQUENCES FROM RAIN AND INSECT .................................................... 14 NOISE DATA .......................................................................................................... 14

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FLIGHT MANUAL INTRODUCTION

SECTION 5 Performances

This section provides all necessary data for accurate and comprehensive planning of flight activity from takeoff to landing. Data reported in graphs and/or in tables were determined using: Flight Test Data under condition prescribed by EASA CS-VLA aircraft and engine in good condition average piloting techniques Each graph or table was determined according to ICAO Standard Atmosphere (ISA - m.s.l.); evaluations of the impact on performance was carried out by theoretical means for: airspeed external temperature altitude weight type and condition of runway Sections approved by EASA are marked with: Approved data.

USE OF PERFORMANCE CHARTS


Performance data is presented in tabular or graphical form to illustrate the effect of different variables such as altitude, temperature and weight. Given information is sufficient to plan journey with required precision and safety. Additional information is provided for each table or graph.

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FLIGHT MANUAL

SECTION 5 Performances

AIRSPEED INDICATOR SYSTEM CALIBRATION


(Approved data) Graph shows calibrated airspeed V CAS as a function of indicated airspeed V IAS .
140

120
TO
INDICATED AIRSPEED [KIAS]

80

40

FL AP

LA ND

60

FL AP

UP

&

FL AP

100

20

40

60

CALIBRATED AIRSPEED [KCAS]

77

80

100

120

140

Fig. 5-1. CALIBRATED VS. INDICATED AIRSPEED Example (flap UP): Given V IAS = 75 kts NOTE Indicated airspeed assumes 0 as an instrument error 2nd Edition Rev 0 2nd March 2010 5-3 Find V CAS = 77 kts

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FLIGHT MANUAL

SECTION 5 Performances

Fig.5-2. ICAO CHART

Example:
Given Temperature = 20C Pressure Altitude = 1600 ft Find Ts = 12

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FLIGHT MANUAL STALL SPEED (Approved data)


CONDITIONS: - Weight 580 kg - Throttle: idle - No ground effect

SECTION 5 Performances

0 FLAP UP FLAP TO FLAP FULL KIAS 40 35 30 KCAS KIAS 45 49 46 39 40 34

30 KCAS 53 49 42 KIAS 53 47 41

45 KCAS KIAS 67 58 54 47 61 53

60 KCAS 70 65 56

CONDITIONS: - Weight 600 kg - Throttle: idle - No ground effect

0 FLAP UP FLAP TO FLAP FULL KIAS KCAS KIAS 41 46 50 36 31 46 40 41 35

30 KCAS 53 50 43 KIAS 54 48 41

45 KCAS 59 55 47

60 KIAS KCAS 68 70 62 53 65 56

NOTE Altitude loss during conventional stall recovery as demonstrated during test flights is approximately 100ft with banking under 30.

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FLIGHT MANUAL CROSSWIND


Maximum demonstrated crosswind velocity is 22 kts Example: Given Find Wind direction = 30 Headwind = 17.5 Kts Wind velocity = 20 Kts Crosswind = 10 Kts

SECTION 5 Performances

Fig.5-3.CROSSWIND CHART

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FLIGHT MANUAL TAKEOFF PERFORMANCES (Approved data)


TAKEOFF DISTANCE CONDITIONS: - Flaps: TO - Engine throttle: full throttle (see Sect.4) - VR = 45 KIAS - V obs = 45 KIAS

SECTION 5 Performances

- Runway: dry, compact, grass - Slope: 0; Wind: zero - V LO = 35 KIAS - R/C 200 ft/min

Example:
Given O.A.T. = 15C Pressure altitude = 2900 ft Weight = 480 Kg Find TOD = 295m TOR = 132m

Fig. 5-4. TAKEOFF PERFORMANCES

NOTE 1. Decrease distances by 10% for each 10Kts of ahead wind. Increase distances by 20% for each 10 Kts of tailwind. 2. For dry and paved runway operation decrease round run by 6%. 2nd Edition Rev 0 2nd March 2010 5-7

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FLIGHT MANUAL
CONDITIONS: 580 kg MTOW Flaps Engine V obs 15 Full throttle 45 KIAS 600 kg MTOW 15

SECTION 5 Performances

CLIMB RATE IN TAKEOFF CONFIGURATION (Approved data)

Full throttle 46 KIAS

Climb rate at maximum takeoff weight (580/600kg) in demonstrated ISA s.l. conditions is 850 ft/min for 580 kg MTOW and 800 ft/min for 600 kg MTOW.

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FLIGHT MANUAL CLIMB PERFORMANCES


CLIMB RATE IN CLEAN CONFIGURATION CONDITIONS: - Flap: UP - Engine: Full throttle - V Y = 65 KIAS (580 kg MTOW)/66 KIAS (600 kg MTOW) - R/C residual: 100 ft/min.

SECTION 5 Performances

Fig. 5-5 CLIMB

Example:
Given O.A.T. = 17C Pressure altitude = 5800 ft Weight = 500 Kg Find Rate of climb = 793 ft/min

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FLIGHT MANUAL CRUISE


CONDITIONS: - ISA - Wind: zero - MTOW = For both MOTW
TAS (KTS)
120

SECTION 5 Performances

115

75%

70%

65%

2224 RPM

60%
2182 RPM

110

55%

2141 RPM

105
2059 RPM

50% 100
1976 RPM

95

45%

1894 RPM

90 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000

Density Altitude (ft)

Fig. 5-6 CRUISE

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FLIGHT MANUAL

SECTION 5 Performances

BALKED LANDING
RATE OF CLIMB: BALKED LANDING CONDITIONS: - Maximum weight = 580 kg - Flaps: LAND (40) - Engine: full throttle - V Obs = 48 KIAS NOTE During balked landing manoeuvre, flaps should be retracted immediately after applying full power.

Fig.5-7 BALKED LANDING Example: Given Pressure altitude = 7000 ft Conditions: ISA Find Rate of climb = 230 ft/min NOTE If the maximum takeoff weight is 600 kg, the rate of climb decreases about 10%

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FLIGHT MANUAL LANDING DISTANCE (Approved data)


LANDING DISTANCE AND GROUND ROLL

SECTION 5 Performances

CONDITIONS: Weight: 580 kg; Flap: 40 Runway: dry, compact, grass Engine: idle Slope: 0; Wind: zero Distance over the obstacle of 15 m OAT: ISA -20C Hp (ft) 0 2000 4000 6000 Total Distance (m) 235 241 248 256 Ground Run (m) 88 94 99 105

OAT: ISA -10C Hp (ft) 0 2000 4000 6000 OAT: ISA +0C Hp (ft) 0 2000 4000 6000 Total Distance (m) 243 250 258 266 Ground Run (m) 95 101 107 113 Total Distance (m) 239 246 253 261 Ground Run (m) 92 97 103 109

OAT: ISA +10C Hp (ft) 0 2000 4000 6000 Total Distance (m) 247 255 263 271 Ground Run (m) 98 104 111 118

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FLIGHT MANUAL
OAT: ISA +20C Hp (ft) 0 2000 4000 6000 Total Distance (m) 251 259 268 277 NOTE 1. 2. 3.

SECTION 5 Performances

Ground Run (m) 101 108 114 122

Decrease distances by 10% for each 10 Kts of headwind. Increase distances by 20 % for each 10 Kts of tailwind; For dry and paved runway operation increase ground run by 10%; If it becomes necessary to land without flap extension (flap malfunction), increase approach speed by 10 Kts, increase by 40% distance pertaining to flap setting at 40 and increase V obs to 56 KIAS for 580 kg MTOW and to 57 KIAS for 600 kg MTOW; V obs (speed over obstacle) is 48 KIAS for 580 kg MTOW and 49 KIAS for 600 kg MTOW; If the maximum takeoff weight is 600 kg, the Total Distance increases about 10%;

4. 5.

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SECTION 5 Performances

CONSEQUENCES FROM RAIN AND INSECT


Flight test have demonstrated that neither rain nor insect impact build-up on leading edge have caused substantial variations to aircrafts flight qualities. Such variations do not exceed: 5 kts for stalls, 100 ft/min for climb rates and 50m for takeoff runs.

NOISE DATA
Noise level was determined according to EASA CS-36 1stedition dated 17th October 2003, with reference to ICAO/Annex 16 3rd edition dated 1993, Vol. I chapter 10; results are shown in the following table: 580 kg MTOW Noise Level (db) 62.36 600 kg MTOW 62.58

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SECTION6 Weight & Balance

SECTION 6 WEIGHT & BALANCE

TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................. 2 AIRCRAFT WEIGHING PROCEDURES ............................................................ 2 WEIGHT AND BALANCE ................................................................................... 6 LOADING .............................................................................................................. 9 EQUIPMENT LIST ................................................................................................ 9

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FLIGHT MANUAL INTRODUCTION

SECTION6 Weight & Balance

This section describes the procedure for establishing the basic empty weight and moment of the aircraft. Loading procedure information is also provided.

AIRCRAFT WEIGHING PROCEDURES


PREPARATION a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. i. j. Carry out weighing procedure inside closed hangar Remove from cabin any objects left unintentionally Insure on board presence of the Flight Manual Align nose wheel Drain fuel via the specific drain valve. Oil, hydraulic fluid and coolant to operating levels Move sliding seats to most forward position Raise flaps to fully retracted position (0) Place control surfaces in neutral position Place scales (min. capacity 200 kg) under each wheel

LEVELLING a. Level the aircraft. Reference for levelling: remove a seat and then place a level between the two seats fwd and aft supporting trusses. b. Center bubble on level by deflating nose tire

WEIGHING a. b. c. Record weight shown on each scale Repeat weighing procedure three times Calculate empty weight

DETERMINATION OF C.G. LOCATION (SEE FIG. 6-1) a. b. c. d. e. Drop a plumb bob tangent to the leading edge (at 15mm inboard respect the rib#7 riveting line) and trace reference mark on the floor. Repeat operation for other wing. Stretch a taught line between the two marks Measure the distance between the reference line and main wheel axis Using recorded data it is possible to determine the aircraft's C.G. location and moment (see following table)

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FLIGHT MANUAL
MAC 1370
7 6

SECTION6 Weight & Balance

15 mm inboard from rib n7

2 1

1337 from the propeller's flange (without sapacer) D

Reference line

W2 * A - W1 * B D= W1 + W2 D

W1
B A

W2=WL+WR

D% = 1370

* 100

Fig.6-1

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FLIGHT MANUAL
WEIGHING REPORT

SECTION6 Weight & Balance

Model P2002-JF S/N:________ Weighing n____ Date:_________ Datum: Propeller support flange without spacer.
1337
Datum

Reference line

Plumb Line

W2 * A - W1 * B D= W1 + W2 D

W1
B

W2=WL+WR
A

D% = 1370

* 100

Kg Nose wheel weight LH wheel weight RH wheel weight W 2 = W L +W R = Empty weight We = W 1 + W 2 =


D= W2 A W1 B = We
m

meters Plumb bob distance Plumb bob distance


(1) (1)

W1 = WL = WR =

LH wheel RH wheel
(1)

AL = AR = A = B =

Average distance (A L + A R )/2 Bob distance from nose wheel

D% =

D 100 = 1.370
Kg . m

Empty weight moment: M = [(D+1.337) .We] = Maximum takeoff weight W T = Empty weight Maximum payload W T We
(1) To determine the Mean Aerodynamic Chord (MAC) and the plumb line see FIG.6-1.

580 Kg. W T = 600 kg We = Wu =

We = Wu =

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WEIGHING REPORT

SECTION6 Weight & Balance

Model P2002-JF S/N:________ Weighing n____ Date:_________ Datum: Propeller support flange without spacer.
1337
Datum

Reference line

Plumb Line

W2 * A - W1 * B D= W1 + W2 D

W1
B

W2=WL+WR
A

D% = 1370

* 100

Kg Nose wheel weight LH wheel weight RH wheel weight W 2 = W L +W R = Empty weight We = W 1 + W 2 =


D= W2 A W1 B = We
m

meters Plumb bob distance


(1)

W1 = WL = WR =

LH wheel

AL = AR = A = B =

Plumb bob distance(1) RH wheel Average distance (A L + A R )/2 Bob distance from nose wheel
(1)

D% =

D 100 = 1.370
Kg . m

Empty weight moment: M = [(D+1.337) .We] = Maximum takeoff weight W T = Empty weight Maximum payload W T We
(1) To determine the Mean Aerodynamic Chord (MAC) and the plumb line see FIG.6-1.

580 Kg. W T = 600 kg We = Wu =

We = Wu =

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FLIGHT MANUAL

SECTION6 Weight & Balance

WEIGHT AND BALANCE


To determine the aircraft's CG location and to verify that the CG lies within the predetermined CG travel range, it would be helpful to use the chart in the following page. Chart reports CG location as a function of the empty weight moment with respect to the datum as yielded by weighing report.

USE OF WEIGHT & BALANCE CHART (page 6-7)


In order to use the graph it is necessary to know the value of the moment arm (empty weight conditions) with respect to the datum. Once this value is found on the abscissa, a parallel to the oblique lines is drawn until it intersects the ordinate relative to the weight of pilot and passenger. From this point, a new line is drawn horizontally up to the graph limit-value of 200 kg and, from here, a parallel to the oblique lines is drawn until it intersects with the abscissa relative to fuel weight carried on board. A horizontal line is then drawn through this point up to the graph limit-value of 100 liters and a new parallel to the oblique lines is drawn until abscissa is intercepted relative to baggage loaded on board behind the seats. Another horizontal line is drawn and it is thus possible to verify that the intersection of this segment with the vertical abscissa relative to the aircraft's takeoff total weight falls within the shaded area which represents the admissible CG range as a function of total weight. Other charts show the CG travel as a function of aircraft weight, distances in meters of pilots and baggage from datum (propeller support flange) is also provided. EXAMPLE (see page 6-7) Empty weight moment = 581 kg m Pilot and passenger = 160 kg Fuel = 50 L Baggage = 15 kg Takeoff weight = 548 kg

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SECTION6 Weight & Balance

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6-7

FIG. 6-2 Weight

& balance chart

P2002-JF

FLIGHT MANUAL

SECTION6 Weight & Balance

Fig 6-3 C.G. RANGE CHART

Fig 6-4 LOAD POSITION WITH RESPECT TO DATUM

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SECTION6 Weight & Balance

LOADING
Luggage compartment is designed for a maximum load of 20 kg. Luggage size shall prevent excessive loading of utility shelf (maximum pressure 12.5 kg/dm2). Maximum Luggage size is: 80x45x32 cm. Luggage must be secured using a tie-down net to prevent any luggage movement during maneuvers.

957

914

Fig 6-5 CABIN DIMENSIONS

EQUIPMENT LIST
The following is a comprehensive list of all TECNAM supplied equipment for the P2002-JF. The list consists of the following groups: A - Engine and accessories B - Landing gear C - Electrical system D - Instruments E - Avionics the following information describes each listing: Part-number to uniquely identify the item type. Item description Serial number Weight in kilograms Distance in meters from datum NOTE Items marked with an asterisk (*) are part of basic installation. Equipment marked with X in the Inst. column are those actually installed on board relative to aircraft S/N. 2ndEdition Rev 0 2nd March 2010 6-9

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SECTION6 Weight & Balance

EQUIPMENT LIST

S /N INST

DATE: WEIGHT kg DATUM m

RIF.

DESCRIPTION & P/N ENGINE & ACCESSORIES

A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 A9 A10 A11 A12 A13

Engine Rotax 912S2 - p/n 309.120.133 Prop. HOFFMANN

* * * * * * * * * * *

61.0 6.0 4.50 2.00 4.00 0.40 0.90 0.40 2.00 0.10 0.10 0.35 0.20

0.32 -0.13 0.55 0.55 0.64 0.07 0.33 0.60 0.25 0.71 0.71 0.15 0.20

p/n HO17GHM A 174 177C


Exhaust and manifolds p/n SSB-978-480-CC Heat exchanger - p/n 92-11-830 Oil Reservoir (full) - p/n 956.137 Oil radiator - p/n 886 025 Liquid coolant radiator. - p/n 995.697 Air filter K&N- p/n 33-2544 Vacuum Pump RA215CC Rapco Vacuum valve RA2H3-12 Fuel pump p/n 21-11-342-000 Thermostatic water valve 26-9-9000-000 Thermostatic oil valve 26-9-9100-000

LANDING GEAR AND ACCESSORIES

B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 B8 B9

Main gear spring-leafs - p/n 92-8-300-1 Main gear wheel rims. - Cleveland 40-78B Main gear tires.-Air Trac 5.00-5 AA1D4 Disk brakes - Cleveland 30-9 Nose gear wheel rim - p/n 92-8-880-1 Nose gear tire - Sava 4.00-6 Nose gear fairing p/n 92-8-410-1/2 Main gear fairing p/n 92-8-420-1/2 Nose gear shock p/n 92-8-200-000

* * * * * *

5.700 2.050 2.580 0.800 1.300 1.200 1.500 1.500 1.450

1.94 1.94 1.94 1.94 0.310 0.460 0.460 1.930 0.465

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SECTION6 Weight & Balance

EQUIPMENT LIST

S /N

DATE:
INST WEIGHT kg

REF.

DESCRIPTION & P/N ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

DATUM m

C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10

Battery FIAMM 6H4P 12V 18Ah Regulator, rectifier - p/n 945.345 Battery relay - p/n 111-226-5 Flaps actuator control SIR Mod. AO-01/M Trim actuator control Ray Allen C. T2-10A Overvoltage sensor OS75-14 Strobe light Aircraft Spr. p/n 2005 Navigation lights - AS W1285-PR Stall warning - AS 164R Landing light - AS GE 4509

* * * * * *

6.00 0.20 0.30 2.20 0.40 0.30 0.15 0.15 0.10 0.50

2.59 0.82 2.59 2.30 5.73 0.80 5.89 1.75 1.36 1.38

Instruments D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9 D10 D11 D12 Altimeter United Instruments p/n 5934PM-3 or LUN 1128.10B4 TSO C10b Anemometro MIKROTECHINA 1106.B0B2 Compass - Airpath C2400 L4P Clock DAVTRON mod. M 800 Vertical speed indicator MIKROTECHINA
UL 30-42.2

* * * * * * * * * * * *

0.39 0.30 0.29 0.15 0.35 0.56 1.10 1.10 0.05 0.10 0.10 0.05

1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35

Turn and Bank Indicator


FALCON GAUGER TC02E-3-1

Attitude Indicator RCA ALLEN INSTR. RCA 22-7

Directional Gyro
RCA ALLEN INSTR. RCA 11A-8 OAT Indicator VDO 397035001G

Oil & head temp.indicator


7048

VDO 641-011-7047/-

Oil Temp.Ind. - VDO 644-001-7030 Trim Position Indicator RAY ALLEN C. RP3

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SECTION6 Weight & Balance

EQUIPMENT LIST

S /N

DATE:
INST WEIGHT kg

REF. D13 D14 D15 D16 D17 D18 D19

DESCRIPTION & P/N Vacuum Instr.Ind.- UMA Inc. 3-200-12 Prop. RPM Ind. Aircraft Mitchell. D1-1125041 Fuel Quantity Ind. Road GmbH XID4000800 Amperometer Ind. VDO 190-037-001G or Speed Com Instruments 0203 Fuel Pressure Ind. UMA 4-360-007U Oil pressure indicator (Sorlini) SOR 50 RPM indicator (Sorlini) SOR 52

DATUM m 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35

0.10 1.10

* * *

0.56 0.10 0.13 0.10 0.10

AVIONICS AND OTHERS

E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 E6 E7 E8 E9 E10 E11 E12 E13 E14 E15 E16

Nav/CommTrans.-Bendix/King, KX155 Nav/CommTrans.-Garmin SL30 Nav Indicator - Bendix/King KI208 Transponder - Bendix/King KT76A GPS/NAV Receiver and R/T COM GNS 430 R/T VHF COMM ICOM IC-A200 ELT Artex ME 406 Transponder-Garmin GTX327 Transponder-Garmin GTX328 Audio panel Garmin GMA 340 Vor/Loc IndicatorGarmin GI106A Transponder Antenna-Bendix/King KA60 Transponder Antenna Garmin GTX Mic - Telex TRA 100 GPS Antenna.Garmin GA56 Comm Antenna Command Industries CI 291

2.24 1.50 0.46 1.36 2.31 1.20 1.10 1.00 1.00 0.50 0.64 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.27 0.34

1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 2.74 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.09 1.09 1.90 1.08 3.30

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SECTION6 Weight & Balance

EQUIPMENT LIST

S/N INST

DATE:
WEIGHT kg

REF.

DESCRIPTION & P/N

DATUM m 5.80 2.70 2.32 2.30 1.00 2.30 1.35 2.05 1.35

E17 E18 E19 E20 E21 E22 E23 E24 E25

VOR/ILS Antenna. Command Industries CI 138C ELT Antenna Kit Model ME 406 Fire Extinguisher Enterprises Ltd BA51015-3 First Aid Kit Altitude Encoder- Amery King Ak-30 Emergency Hammer-Dmail 108126 ADF Bendix King KR87 ADF Antenna Bendix King KA44B Comm Garmin SL40

0.26 0.21 2.20

* * *

0.28 0.25 0.35 1.38 1.89 1.50

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INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

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MANUAL

SECTION 7 Systems

SECTION 7 AIRCRAFT & SYSTEMS DESCRIPTION


TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................2 AIRFRAME .............................................................................................................2 FLIGHT CONTROLS ..............................................................................................3 INSTRUMENT PANEL ...........................................................................................4 SEATS AND SAFETY HARNESS .........................................................................5 CANOPY ..................................................................................................................5 BAGGAGE COMPARTMENT ...............................................................................5 POWERPLANT .......................................................................................................6 FUEL SYSTEM .......................................................................................................6 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM .........................................................................................8 PITOT AND STATIC PRESSURE SYSTEMS .....................................................10 BRAKES ................................................................................................................11

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P2002-JF

FLIGHT INTRODUCTION

MANUAL

SECTION 7 Systems

This section provides description and operation of the aircraft and its systems.

AIRFRAME
WING
The wing is constructed of a central light alloy torque box; an aluminium leading edge with integrated fuel tank is attached to the front spar while flap and aileron are hinged to rear spar. Flaps and ailerons are constructed of a centre spar to which front and rear ribs are joined; wrap-around aluminium skin panels cover the structure.

Fig. 7-1. RIGHT WING EXPLODED VIEW

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FLIGHT
FUSELAGE

MANUAL

SECTION 7 Systems

The front part of the fuselage is made of a mixed structure: a truss structure with special steel members for cabin survival cell, and a light-alloy semi-monocoque structure for the cabin's bottom section. The aft part of the fuselage is constructed of an aluminium alloy semi-monocoque structure. The engine housing is isolated from the cabin by a firewall; the steel stringers engine mount is attached to the cabin's truss structure in four points.

EMPENNAGES
The vertical tail is entirely metal: the vertical fin is made up of a twin spar with stressed skin while the rudder consists of an aluminium torque box made of light alloy ribs and skin. The horizontal tail is an all-moving type (stabilator); its structure consists of an aluminium tubular spar connected to ribs and leading edge covered by an aluminium skin.

FLIGHT CONTROLS
Aircraft flight controls are operated through conventional stick and rudder pedals. Longitudinal control acts through a system of push-rods and is equipped with a trim tab. Aileron control is of mixed type with push-rods and cables; the cable control circuit is confined within the cabin and is connected to a pair of push-rods positioned in the wings that control ailerons differentially. Aileron trimming is carried out on ground through a small tab positioned on left aileron. Flaps are extended via an electric servo actuator controlled by a switch on the instrument panel. Flaps act in continuous mode; the indicator displays the two positions relative to takeoff (15) and landing (40). A breaker positioned on the right side of the instrument panel protects the electric circuit. Longitudinal trim is performed by a small tab positioned on the stabilator and controlled via an electric servo by pushing Up/Down the push-button on the control stick, a shunt switch placed on the instrument panel enables control of either left or right stick.

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FLIGHT INSTRUMENT PANEL

MANUAL

SECTION 7 Systems

The conventional type instrument panel allows placement of a broad range of equipment. Instruments marked with an asterisk (*) are optional.

Fig. 7-2. INSTRUMENT PANEL

CARBURETTOR HEAT
Carburettor heat control knob is located just to the left of the centre throttle control; when the knob is pulled fully outward from the instrument panel, carbs receive maximum hot air. During normal operation, the knob is OFF.

CABIN HEAT
The cabin heat control knob is positioned on the lower left side of the instrument panel; when knob is pulled fully outward, cabin receives maximum hot air. Vents are located by the rudder pedals and above instrument panel. If necessary, outside fresh air can be circulated inside cabin by opening the vents on the dashboard.

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FLIGHT
THROTTLE FRICTION LOCK

MANUAL

SECTION 7 Systems

It is possible to adjust the engine's throttle friction lock by appropriately tightening the friction lock knob located on the instrument panel near the center throttle control.

SEATS AND SAFETY HARNESS


Aircraft features four point fitting safety belts with waist and shoulder harnesses adjustable via sliding metal buckle. Seats are built with light alloy tube structure and synthetic material cushioning. A lever located on the right lower side of each seat allows for seat adjustment according to pilot size.

CANOPY
The cabin's canopy slides on wheel bearings along tracks located on fuselage sides; canopy is made out of composite material. Latching system uses a central lever located overhead and two additional levers positioned on canopy's sides. The canopy could be opened both from in and outside. In correspondence with each lock is present a placard indicating the emergency release procedure.

LUGGAGE COMPARTMENT
The Luggage compartment is located behind the pilots' seats. Luggage shall be uniformly distributed on utility shelf and its weight shall not exceed 20kg. Tie-down luggage using adjustable tie-down net. WARNING Before loading luggage, check aircraft's weight and CG location (see Sect. 6)

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FLIGHT POWERPLANT
ENGINE
Manufacturer Model Type

MANUAL

SECTION 7 Systems

Bombardier-Rotax GmbH ROTAX 912 S2 4 stroke, horizontally-opposed 4 cylinder, mixed air and water cooled, twin electronic ignition, forced lubrication. Maximum rating 98.6hp (73.5kW) @ 5800 rpm/min (2388 rpm/min. prop). Gear reduction ratio - 2.4286:1 Max oil consumption Max: 0.1 litres/hour

PROPELLER
Manufacturer Model N of blades Diameter Type Hoffmann Propeller HO17GHM A 174 177C 2 1740 mm (no reduction permitted) wood, fixed pitch

FUEL SYSTEM
The system is equipped with two aluminium fuel tanks integrated within the wing leading edge and accessible for inspection through dedicated covers. Capacity of individual tank is 50lt and the total fuel capacity is 100lt. A multiposition fuel selector valve is located into the cabin. It is possible to select the following fuel feeding: LEFT (means a left tank feeding), RIGHT (means a right tank feeding) and a third OFF position which could not be accidentally operated. A strainer cup with a drainage valve (Gascolator) is located beneath the cabin, just behind the firewall. Fuel level indicators for each tank are located on instrument panel. Fuel feed is through an engine-driven mechanical pump and also through an electric pump that supplies adequate engine feed in case of main pump failure. Figure 7-3 illustrates the schematic layout of the fuel system.

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FLIGHT

MANUAL

SECTION 7 Systems

LH FUEL QUANTITY INDICATOR


ELECTRICAL LINE ELECTRICAL LINE

RH FUEL QUANTITY INDICATOR

LH FUEL QUANTITY SENSOR FUEL VENT LH FUEL TANK

RH FUEL QUANTITY SENSOR FUEL VENT

RH FUEL TANK
Off

SUMP
Lh

SUMP
FUEL PRESSURE INDICATOR

Rh
ELECTRIC LINE

MESH FILTER + TANK DRAIN


FIREWALL

ELECTRIC FUEL PUMP

M
FILTER MECHANICAL FUEL PUMP

FUEL PRESSURE SENDER

TO LH CARBURATOR RETURN LINE

TO RH CARBURATOR TO FUEL PRESSURE SENDER

Fig.7-3. FUEL SYSTEM SCHEMATIC

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P2002-JF

FLIGHT ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

MANUAL

SECTION 7 Systems

The aircraft's electrical system consists of a 12 Volt DC circuit controlled by the Master Switch located on the instrument panel. Electricity is provided by an alternator and by a buffer battery. Generator light is located on the right side of the instrument panel. WARNING If the Ignition is in the position L, R, or BOTH, an accidental movement of the propeller may start the engine with possible danger for bystanders.

FIG.7-4. ELECTRICAL SYSTEM SCHEMATIC

GENERATOR LIGHT Generator light (red coloured) illuminates either: for a generator failure. 2nd Edition Rev 0 2nd March 2010 7-8

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MANUAL

SECTION 7 Systems

for a failure of the regulator/rectifier, with consequent overvoltage sensor shut off.

VOLTMETER AND AMMETER The voltmeter indicates voltage on bus bar. A positive ammeter indication warns that the generator is charging the battery, a negative value indicates the battery's discharge rate. OIL AND CYLINDER HEADS TEMP. - OIL PRESSURE These instruments are connected in series with their respective sensors. The same breaker protects all temperature instruments while a second breaker protects oil pressure indicator and other instruments. O.A.T. INDICATOR A digital Outside Air Temperature indicator (C) is located on the upper left side of the instrument panel. STALL WARNING SYSTEM The aircraft is equipped with a stall warning system consisting of a sensor located on the right wing leading edge connected to a warning horn located near the instrument panel. AVIONICS The central part of the instrument panel holds room for avionics equipment. The manufacturer of each individual system furnishes features for each system. EXTERNAL POWER SUPPLY On the right side of the tail cone, an external power is present. Using this device it is possible to feed the electric system directly on the bus bar, by an external power source. It should be used at the engine start-up in cold weather condition. For engine start below -17C OAT it is advisable to use the external power source. Follow this procedure to start the engine using the external power source. 1. 2. 3. 4. Magnetos, Master switch, Generator switch: OFF Open the receptacle door and insert the external power sources plug into the socket Engine start-up procedure (see Sect. 4 in this manual) Disconnect the external power sources plug and close firmly the receptacle door.

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MANUAL

SECTION 7 Systems

PITOT AND STATIC PRESSURE SYSTEMS


The airspeed indicator system for the aircraft is shown below. Below the left wings leading edge are positioned in a single group (1) both the Pitot tube (3, total pressure intake) and a series of static ports (6). Two flexible hoses (5) feed the airspeed indicator (4) on the instrument panel.

FIG.7-5. AIRSPEED INDICATOR SYSTEM

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FLIGHT BRAKES

MANUAL

SECTION 7 Systems

The aircraft's braking system is a single system acting on both wheels of main landing gear through disk brakes, the same circuit acts as parking brake via an intercept valve (2). To activate brakes it is sufficient to verify that brake shut-off valve (2) positioned on tunnel between pilots is OFF, then activate brake lever (1) as necessary. To activate parking brake pull brake lever (1) and set brake shut-off valve (2) to ON.

FIG. 7-6. BRAKE SYSTEM

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SECTION 8 Ground Handling & Service

SECTION 8 GROUND HANDLING & SERVICE

TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................... 2 AIRCRAFT INSPECTION PERIODS ....................................................................... 2 AIRCRAFT ALTERATIONS OR REPAIRS ............................................................. 2 GROUND HANDLING ............................................................................................. 2 CLEANING AND CARE ........................................................................................... 3

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FLIGHT MANUAL INTRODUCTION

P2002-JF

SECTION 8 Ground Handling & Service

This section contains factory-recommended procedures for proper ground handling and routine care and servicing. It also identifies certain inspection and maintenance requirements, which must be followed if the aircraft is to retain its new-plane performance and dependability. It is recommended to follow a planned schedule of lubrication and preventive maintenance based on climatic and flying conditions encountered locally.

AIRCRAFT INSPECTION PERIODS


Inspection intervals occur at 100 hours and in accordance with special inspection schedules which are added to regularly scheduled inspections. Correct maintenance procedures are described in the aircrafts Maintenance Manual or in the engines Maintenance Manual.

AIRCRAFT ALTERATIONS OR REPAIRS


It is essential that the responsible Airworthiness Authority be contacted prior to any alterations on the aircraft to ensure that airworthiness of the aircraft is not violated. For repairs, refer to aircrafts Maintenance Manual.

GROUND HANDLING
TOWING The aircraft is most easily and safely maneuvered by pulling it by its propeller near the axle. Aircraft may be steered by turning rudder or, for steep turns, by pushing lightly on tailcone to lift nose wheel. PARKING AND TIE-DOWN When parking airplane outdoors, head it into the wind and set the parking brake. If chocks or wedges are available it is preferable to use the latter. In severe weather and high wind conditions it is wise to tie the airplane down. Tiedown ropes shall be fastened to the lug present on the wings lower surface. Nose gear fork can be used for front tie-down location. Flight controls shall be secured to avoid possible weathervaning damage to moving surfaces.

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SECTION 8 Ground Handling & Service

JACKING Given the light empty weight of the aircraft, lifting one of the main wheels can easily be accomplished even without the use of hydraulic jacks. For an acceptable procedure please refer to the Maintenance Manual. LEVELING Aircraft leveling may become necessary to check wing incidence, dihedral or the exact location of CG. Longitudinal leveling verification is obtained placing a level between the front and aft seats supporting trusses (slide off the seats to get the access to the two trusses).

ROAD TRANSPORT It is recommended to secure tightly all aircraft components onto the cart to avoid damage during transport. Minimum cart size is 7x2.5 meters. It is suggested to place wings under the aircrafts bottom, secured by specific clamps. Secondary components like the stabilator shall be protected from accidental hits using plastic or other material. For correct rigging and de-rigging procedure, refer to the Maintenance Manual.

CLEANING AND CARE


To clean painted surfaces, use a mild detergent such as shampoo normally used for car finish; use a soft cloth for drying The plastic windshield and windows should never be dusted when dry; use lukewarm soapy water and dry using chamois only. It is possible to use special glass detergents but, in any case, never use products such as gasoline, alcohol, acetone or other solvents. To clean cabin interior, seats, upholstery and carpet, it is generally recommended to use foam-type detergents.

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SECTION 8 Ground Handling & Service

LEFT INTENTIONALLY BLANK

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SECTION 9 SUPPLEMENTS

SECTION 9 SUPPLEMENTS

TABLE OF CONTENTS
SUPPLEMENTS LIST ........................................................................................... 5 GARMIN GNS 430 GPS/VHF COMM/NAV ....................................................... 6 INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................... 6 1.1 GENERAL................................................................................................ 6 1.2 LIMITATIONS......................................................................................... 7 1.3 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES ............................................................... 8 1.4 NORMAL OPERATION ......................................................................... 8 1.5 PERFORMANCE ..................................................................................... 9 1.6 WEIGHT AND BALANCE ..................................................................... 9 1.7 SYSTEMS ................................................................................................ 9 GARMIN GNS 530 GPS/VHF COMM/NAV ......................................................10 INTRODUCTION .........................................................................................10 2.1 GENERAL...............................................................................................10 2.2 LIMITATIONS........................................................................................11 2.3 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES ..............................................................12 2.4 NORMAL OPERATION ........................................................................12 2.5 PERFORMANCE ....................................................................................12 2.6 WEIGHT AND BALANCE ....................................................................12 2.7 SYSTEMS ...............................................................................................12 NEW ANALOGICAL INSTRUMENTS PANEL ................................................13 INTRODUCTION .........................................................................................13 3.1 GENERAL...............................................................................................13 3.2 LIMITATIONS........................................................................................13 3.3 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES ..............................................................13 3.4 NORMAL OPERATION ........................................................................13 3.5 PERFORMANCE ....................................................................................13 3.6 WEIGHT AND BALANCE ....................................................................13 3.7 SYSTEMS ...............................................................................................13 2nd Edition Rev 3 10th February 2011 9-1

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DIFFERENTIAL BRAKE SYSTEM ....................................................................15 INTRODUCTION .........................................................................................15 4.1 GENERAL...............................................................................................15 4.2 LIMITATIONS........................................................................................15 4.3 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES ..............................................................15 4.4 NORMAL OPERATION ........................................................................15 4.5 PERFORMANCE ....................................................................................15 4.6 WEIGHT AND BALANCE ....................................................................15 4.7 SYSTEMS ...............................................................................................15 CENTRAL THROTTLE CONTROL SYSTEM ...................................................17 INTRODUCTION .........................................................................................17 5.1 GENERAL...............................................................................................17 5.2 LIMITATIONS........................................................................................17 5.3 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES ..............................................................17 5.4 NORMAL OPERATION ........................................................................17 5.5 PERFORMANCE ....................................................................................17 5.6 WEIGHT AND BALANCE ....................................................................17 5.7 SYSTEMS ...............................................................................................17 AFM Supplement For CIS countries operators .....................................................20 INTRODUCTION .........................................................................................20 6.1 GENERAL...............................................................................................20 6.2 LIMITATIONS........................................................................................21 6.3 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES ..............................................................22 6.4 NORMAL OPERATION ........................................................................26 6.5 PERFORMANCE ....................................................................................32 6.6 WEIGHT AND BALANCE ....................................................................36 6.7 SYSTEMS ...............................................................................................36 GARMIN G500 AVIONICS display SYSTEM ....................................................37 INTRODUCTION .........................................................................................37 7.1 GENERAL...............................................................................................37 7.2 LIMITATIONS........................................................................................38 7.3 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES ..............................................................40 7.4 NORMAL OPERATION ........................................................................43 7.5 PERFORMANCE ....................................................................................43 7.6 WEIGHT AND BALANCE ....................................................................44 7.7 SYSTEMS ...............................................................................................45

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VFR NIGHT EQUIPMENT ..................................................................................51 INTRODUCTION .........................................................................................51 8.1 GENERAL...............................................................................................51 8.2 LIMITATIONS........................................................................................52 8.3 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES ..............................................................54 8.4 NORMAL OPERATION ........................................................................56 8.5 PERFORMANCE ....................................................................................57 8.6 WEIGHT AND BALANCE ....................................................................57 8.7 SYSTEMS ...............................................................................................58

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INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

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SUPPLEMENTS LIST

Aircraft S/N: Sup. No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Title

Registration marks: Rev. no. Date

Date: APPLICABLE: YES NO

GARMIN GNS 430 GPS/VHF COMM/NAV GARMIN GNS 530 GPS/VHF COMM/NAV NEW ANALOGICAL INSTRUMENTS PANEL DIFFERENTIAL BRAKE SYSTEM CENTRAL THROTTLE CONTROL SYSTEM AFM supplement for CIS countries operators Garmin G500 Avionics Display System VFR Night equipment

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SUPPLEMENT N 1
GARMIN GNS 430 GPS/VHF COMM/NAV

INTRODUCTION
This section contains supplementary information for safe and efficient operation of the aircraft if equipped with a Garmin GNS 430 system.

1.1 GENERAL
1. The GPS GNS 430 Global Positioning System is an integrated system that contains a GPS navigation system in addition to a VHF COMM radiotransceiver and a VOR/ILS receiver. The system includes an antenna for GPS, a receiver for GPS, a VOR/LOC antenna, a VOR/ILS receiver, a VHF Comm antenna and a VHF Comm tranceiver. The main function of the VHF Comm is to allow communication with the control tower. The VOR/ILS function is to receive and demodulate VOR and LOC signals. The GPS section is dedicated to signal acquisition from the GPS satellite system and to furnish real-time information with respect to position, speed and time. With appropriate signals the GPS GNS 430 can: plan VFR/IFR routes, track waypoints and plan non-precision instrument approaches (GPS, LORAN-C, VOR, VOR-DME, TACAN, NDB, NDB-DME, RNAV) in accordance with AC 20-138; Reference coordinates used for navigation are WGS-84.

2.

3. 4. 5.

6.

7.

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1.2 LIMITATIONS
1. 2. 3. The Pilots guide and Reference p/n 190-00140-00 rev. F dated July 2000 or later versions, must be available for proper use of the instrument. Only VFR use is permitted. The GPS section must use the following (or more recently approved) software versions: Subsystem
MAIN GPS COMM VOR/LOC

Software version
2.00 2.00 1.22 1.25

The software version of the main subsystem is displayed by the GNS 430 immediately after start-up for 5 seconds. Remaining subsystems software versions may be verified in sub-page 2 of the AUX Group display for SOFTWARE/DATA BASE VER. 4.

The following default settings must be keyed-in in the SETUP 1 menu of the GNS430 receiver before any other operation: nm kt (select navigation unit to nautical miles and knots); DIS, SPD ALT,VS ft fpm (select altitude to feet and feet per minute); MAP DATUM WGS 84 (select map datum WGS84); POSN deg-min (select grid for nav unit to decimal-minutes);

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1.3 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
1. 2.

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3.

4.

If the information provided by the Garmin GNS430 is not available or manifestly wrong, it is necessary to use other navigation instruments. If the message WARN appears in the lower left portion of the display, the receiver cannot be considered useful as a navigation aid. The pilot must use the VLOC receiver or an alternative navigation system. If the message INTEG appears in the lower left portion of the display, the RAIM function is unavailable. The pilot must use the VLOC receiver or an alternative navigation system; In emergency flight conditions, pressing the COM flip-flop knob for 2 seconds will automatically tune-in the 121.500MHz emergency frequency.

1.4 NORMAL OPERATION


1. DETAIL FOR NORMAL OPERATION Normal operation is described in the Pilots guide and Reference P/N 19000140-00 rev. F dated July 2000 or later versions.

2. GARMIN GNS 430 DISPLAY. Data for GNS 430 system appears on GARMIN GNS430 display. Data source is either the GPS or the VLOC as indicated above the CDI switch of the GARMIN 430 display.

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1.5 PERFORMANCE
No variations.

1.6 WEIGHT AND BALANCE


See section 6 of the present manual.

1.7 SYSTEMS
See GNS 430 Pilots Guide p/n 190-00140-00 rev. F dated July 2000 or later versions, for a complete description of the system.

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GARMIN GNS 530 GPS/VHF COMM/NAV

INTRODUCTION
This section contains supplementary information for safe and efficient operation of the aircraft if equipped with a Garmin GNS 530 system.

2.1 GENERAL
8. The GPS GNS 530 Global Positioning System is an integrated system that contains a GPS navigation system in addition to a VHF COMM radiotransceiver and a VOR/ILS receiver. The system includes an antenna for GPS, a receiver for GPS, a VOR/LOC antenna, a VOR/ILS receiver, a VHF Comm antenna and a VHF Comm tranceiver. The main function of the VHF Comm is to allow communication with the control tower. The VOR/ILS function is to receive and demodulate VOR and LOC signals. The GPS section is dedicated to signal acquisition from the GPS satellite system and to furnish real-time information with respect to position, speed and time. With appropriate signals the GPS GNS 530 can: plan VFR/IFR routes, track waypoints and plan non-precision instrument approaches (GPS, LORAN-C, VOR, VOR-DME, TACAN, NDB, NDB-DME, RNAV) in accordance with AC 20-138; Reference coordinates used for navigation are WGS-84.

9.

10. 11. 12.

13.

14.

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2.2 LIMITATIONS

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The Pilots guide and Reference p/n 190-00181-00 rev. A dated April 2000 or later versions, must be available for proper use of the instrument. Only VFR use is permitted. The GPS section must use the following (or more recently approved) software versions: Subsystem
MAIN GPS COMM VOR/LOC

Software version
2.00 2.00 1.22 1.25

The software version of the main subsystem is displayed by the GNS 530 immediately after start-up for 5 seconds. Remaining subsystems software versions may be verified in sub-page 2 of the AUX Group display for SOFTWARE/DATA BASE VER. The following default settings must be keyed-in in the SETUP 1 menu of the GNS430 receiver before any other operation: nm kt (select navigation unit to nautical miles and knots); DIS, SPD ALT,VS ft fpm (select altitude to feet and feet per minute); MAP DATUM WGS 84 (select map datum WGS84); POSN deg-min (select grid for nav unit to decimal-minutes);

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2.3 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES

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If the information provided by the Garmin GNS530 is not available or manifestly wrong, it is necessary to use other navigation instruments. If the message RAIM POSITION WARNING appears in the display, the receiver cannot be considered useful as a navigation aid. The pilot must use the VLOC receiver or an alternative navigation system. If the message RAIM IS NOT AVAILABLE appears in the the display, the RAIM function is unavailable. The pilot must use the VLOC receiver or an alternative navigation system; In emergency flight conditions, pressing the COM flip-flop knob for 2 seconds will automatically tune-in the 121.500MHz emergency frequency.

2.4 NORMAL OPERATION


1. DETAIL FOR NORMAL OPERATION
Normal operation is described in Garmin GNS 530 Pilots guide P/N 190-00181-00 rev. A dated April 2000 or later versions.

2. GARMIN GNS 530 DISPLAY.


Data for GNS 530 system appears on GARMIN GNS530 display. Data source is either the GPS or the VLOC as indicated above the CDI switch of the GARMIN5430 display.

2.5 PERFORMANCE
No variations.

2.6 WEIGHT AND BALANCE


See section 6 of the present manual.

2.7 SYSTEMS
See GNS 530 Pilots Guide p/n 190-00181-00 rev. A dated April 2000 or later versions, for a complete description of the system.

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SUPPLEMENT N 3
NEW ANALOGICAL INSTRUMENTS PANEL

INTRODUCTION
This section contains supplementary information for safe and efficient operation of the aircraft if equipped with the new analogical instruments panel.

3.1 GENERAL
No variations.

3.2 LIMITATIONS
No variations.

3.3 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES


No variations.

3.4 NORMAL OPERATION


No variations.

3.5 PERFORMANCE
No variations.

3.6 WEIGHT AND BALANCE


No variations.

3.7 SYSTEMS
The new analogical instruments panel is designed with a modular concept to improve the instruments visibility. The new instruments panel is divided into three main parts. The left part with the flight instruments, central part with the avionic instruments and the right part with the engine instruments. The following picture shown the new analogical instruments panel.

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Figure 9-1 New analogical instruments panel

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SUPPLEMENT N 4
DIFFERENTIAL BRAKE SYSTEM

INTRODUCTION
This section contains supplementary information for safe and efficient operation of the aircraft if equipped with the differential brake system.

4.1 GENERAL
No variations.

4.2 LIMITATIONS
No variations.

4.3 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES


No variations.

4.4 NORMAL OPERATION


No variations.

4.5 PERFORMANCE
No variations.

4.6 WEIGHT AND BALANCE


No variations.

4.7 SYSTEMS
Figure 9-2 shows the brake system schematic diagram. The left and right wheel brakes are independent systems. The system has a reservoir (4) on the co-pilots brake pedals (1). The reservoir is directly connected to the brake master cylinders (3). Two flexible hoses connect the master cylinders on the co-pilots brake pedals to the master cylinders on the pilots brake pedals. The parking brake valve (6) is mounted on the floor of the fuselage, below the seats and its activated by lever (2). Each main wheel has a brake disc (7). 2nd Edition Rev 3 10th February 2011 9-15

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FWD

Figure 9-2 Differential brake system

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CENTRAL THROTTLE CONTROL SYSTEM

INTRODUCTION
This section contains supplementary information for safe and efficient operation of the aircraft if equipped with the central throttle control system.

5.1 GENERAL
No variations.

5.2 LIMITATIONS
No variations.

5.3 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES


No variations.

5.4 NORMAL OPERATION


No variations.

5.5 PERFORMANCE
No variations.

5.6 WEIGHT AND BALANCE


No variations.

5.7 SYSTEMS
The figure 9-3 shows the central throttle control system. The engine throttle lever is located on the left site and the choke lever is located on the right site. The levers friction is located on the lateral right site of the central throttle control system.

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OFF

T H R O T T

C H O K E

ON

Figure 9-3 Central throttle control system

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INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

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AFM SUPPLEMENT FOR CIS COUNTRIES OPERATORS

INTRODUCTION This supplement applies for CIS countries operators. 6.1 GENERAL This supplement must be placed in EASA Approved P2002JF Aircraft Flight Manual Section 9, if the airplane is certified to the CIS configuration. The information contained herein complements the basic information in the EASA Approved Aircraft Flight Manual. For limitations, procedures, and performance information not contained in this supplement, refer to the EASA Approved Aircraft Flight Manual.

ABBREVIATIONS AND TERMINOLOGY


GENERAL AIRSPEED TERMINOLOGY AND SYMBOLS V LOF Lift off speed: is the speed at which the aircraft generally lifts off from the ground.

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6.2 LIMITATIONS

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AMBIENT TEMPERATURE
Ambient temperature from -25C to 40C.

AIRFIELD ELEVATION
Maximum airfield elevation (Pressure Altitude) less than 2100m (7000ft).

FLIGHT ALTITUDE
Flight Altitude limitation of 3000m (9800ft) and of 3600m (11800ft) during 30 min.

OPERATION FROM UNPAVED RUNWAYS


Operation form unpaved runways is limited by soil strength of 6 kg per sq. Centimetre (6kg/cm2)

OVER-WATER FLIGHTS
Extended over-water flights are allowed within the limitations prescribed by CIS operational regulations (distance from the coast shall not exceed gliding distance with engine failed).

SINGLE-PILOTS OPERATIONS
In case of single-pilot operations, the right crew seat may not be occupied by a passenger without removal of control stick.

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6.3 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES

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ENGINE FAILURES
ENGINE FAILURE DURING FLIGHT
IRREGULAR ENGINE RPM 1. Throttle: check position and adjustable friction 2. Check engine gauges. 3. Check both fuel quantity indicators. 4. Carburettors heating: ON 5. Electric fuel pump: ON If the engine continues to run irregularly: 6. Fuel selector valve: change the fuel feeding to the tank not in use (e.g. if you are drawing fuel from the LEFT tank, change to RIGHT or v.v.) If the engine continues to run irregularly: 7. Ignition key: check both 8. Land as soon as possible. NOTE Glide ratio is 12.8 (landing gear up) therefore with 1000ft elevation it is possible to cover ~4km (~2 nautical miles) in zero wind conditions. The lost of altitude by turning of 180 with bank angle of 30 is about 200ft on the V Y .

NOTE

SMOKE AND FIRE


ENGINE FIRE WHILE PARKED
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Fuel selector valve: OFF Electric fuel pump: OFF Magnetos: OFF Generator & Master switches: OFF Parking brake: ON Do not restart the engine. Escape rapidly from the aircraft.

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ENGINE FIRE IN-FLIGHT
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Procedure for a forced landing: apply Cabin heating: OFF Fuel selector valve: OFF Electric fuel pump: OFF Throttle: full in until the engine stops running Cabin vents: OPEN Magnetos: OFF Speed: 69 KIAS (maximum efficiency speed) Do not restart the engine.

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RECOVERY FROM UNINTENTIONAL SPIN


If unintentional spin occurs, the following recovery procedure should be used: 1. Throttle: idle (full out position) 2. Rudder: full, in the opposite direction of the spin 3. Stick: move and hold forward until spin is halted As the spin is halted 4. Rudder: neutralize 5. Aeroplane attitude: make a smooth recovery by pulling the stick back gently averting speeds in excess of V NE and maximum load factor (n=+3.8)

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FLIGHT MANUAL OTHER EMERGENCIES


ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEM MALFUNCTION

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. Causes for malfunctions are hard to establish but, in any case, problems of this nature must be dealt with immediately. The following may occur:

GENERATOR LIGHT ILLUMINATES Generator light may illuminate for a faulty alternator or when voltage is above 16V, in this case the over-voltage sensor automatically shuts down the alternator. In both cases proceed as follows: 1. Generator switch and master switch: OFF 2. Generator switch and master switch: ON If the problem persist 3. Generator switch: OFF 4. Non vital electric equipments: OFF 5. Radio calls: reduce at the strictly necessary NOTE The battery is capable of supply the electrical system enough time to complete flight in emergency conditions, with normal flight electric-loads including operation of flap and trim. If the light turns off: 6. No further action is requested.

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FLIGHT MANUAL TRIM SYSTEM FAILURE


LOCKED CONTROL In case the trim control should not respond, act as follows: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

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Breakers: check Trim switch Lh/Rh: check for correct position Trim disconnect: ON (check) Speed: adjust to control aircraft without excessive stick force Land aircraft as soon as possible.

RUNWAY If trim position indicator reads displacement without pilot's action on trim control, follow procedure below: 1. 2. 3. Trim power switch: OFF Speed: adjust speed to control aircraft without excessive stick force Land aircraft as soon as possible.

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6.4 NORMAL OPERATION

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PRE-FLIGHT INSPECTIONS
Before each flight, it is necessary to carry out a complete inspection of the aircraft starting with an external inspection followed by an internal inspection as below detailed. EXTERNAL INSPECTION To carry out the external inspection it will be necessary to follow the checklist below with the station order outlined in fig. 4-1. WARNING

Visual inspection is defined as follows: check for defects, cracks, detachments, excessive play, unsafe or improper installation as well as for general condition. For control surfaces, visual inspection also involves additional check for freedom of movement and security. A Left fuel filler cap: check visually for desired fuel level then secure filler cup. Drain the left fuel tank by drainage valve using a cup to collect fuel. Check for water or other contaminants.

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WARNING

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FIG. 4-1

Fuel level indicated by the fuel quantity indicators (on the instrument panel) is only indicative. For flight safety, pilot should verify actual fuel quantity embarked before takeoff. B Remove protection cap and check the Pitot tube and the static ports mounted on left wing are unobstructed, do not blow inside vents, place protection cap inside the aircraft. C Left side leading edge and wing skin: visual inspection. Check stall strips. D Left aileron: visual inspection; Left tank vent: check for obstructions. E Left flap and hinges: visual inspection F Left main landing gear; check inflation 23 psi (1.6 bar), tire condition, alignment, fuselage skin condition. G Horizontal tail and tab: visual inspection. H Vertical tail and rudder: visual inspection. I Right main landing gear; check inflation 23 psi (1.6 bar), tire condition, alignment, fuselage skin condition.

L Right flap and hinges: visual inspection. M Right aileron: visual inspection; Right side tank vent: check for obstructions. N Right leading edge and wing skin: visual inspection. Check stall strips. O Right fuel filler cap: check visually for desired fuel level then secure filler cup. Drain the right fuel tank by drainage valve using a cup to collect fuel. Check for water or other contaminants. P Set the fuel selector valve to OFF. Drain circuit using a cup to collect fuel by opening the specific drainage valve (part of the gascolator). Check for water or other contaminants (drainage operation must be carried out with the aircraft parked on a level surface). Q Nose wheel strut and tire: check inflation 15 psi (1.0 bar), tire condition and condition of rubber shock absorber discs. R Propeller and spinner condition: check for nicks and security. S Open engine cowling and perform the following checklist: I. Check no foreign objects are present. 9-27

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II.

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Check the cooling circuit for losses, check coolant level into the expansion tank, insure radiator honeycomb is unobstructed.

III. Check lubrication circuit for losses, check oil reservoir level, and insure radiator honeycomb is unobstructed. IV. Inspect fuel circuit for losses. V. Check integrity of silent-block suspensions.

VI. Check connection and integrity of air intake system, visually inspect that ram air intake is unobstructed. VII. Check that all parts are secured or safetied. T Close engine cowling. U Visual inspection of the Landing Light. V Remove tow bar and chocks. NOTE Avoid blowing inside Pitot-tube and inside airspeed indicator system's static vents as this may damage instruments.

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FLIGHT MANUAL CHECKLISTS


BEFORE STARTING ENGINE (after preflight inspection) I.

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Flight controls: operate until their stop checking for movement smoothness

II. Parking brake: engage III. Throttle: adjust friction IV. Master switch: ON, Generator switch: ON, generator light ON, check the ammeter. V. Electric fuel pump: ON, (check for audible pump noise and fuel pressure) VI. Electric fuel pump: OFF VII. Avionic Master switch (if installed): ON, instruments check, then set in OFF position VIII.Flap control: operate flap throughout their extreme positions IX. Trim control: operate from both left and right controls the trim between its extreme positions checking the trim position indicator X. Nav. light & Strobe light: ON XI. Landing light: ON, check XII. Landing light: OFF XIII.Fuel quantity: compare the fuel levels read by the fuel quantity indicators with the quantity present into the tanks (see Pre-flight inspection External inspection) XIV.Flight planning, fuel consumption, refuelling. XV. Seat position and safety belts adjustment NOTE In the absence of the passenger: fasten seat belts around the free seat so as to prevent interference with the operation of the aeroplane and with rapid egress in an emergency. XVI.Canopy: Closed and locked

CAUTION Master Avionic switch (if installed) must be set OFF during the engines start-up to prevent avionic equipments damages. 2nd Edition Rev 3 10th February 2011 9-29

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PRIOR TO TAKE-OFF I. II. Parking brake: ON Check engine instruments: Oil temperature: 50-110 Cylinder heads temperature: max 135

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Oil pressure: 2-5 bar (above 1400 rpm); 0.8 bar (below 1400 rpm) Fuel pressure: 2.2 5.8 psi (0.15-0.40 bar) III. IV. Generator light: OFF (check) Propellers rpm: 1560 and test magnetos (speed drop with only one ignition circuit must not exceed 130 props rpm; maximum difference of speed by use of either circuits LEFT or RIGHT is 50 rpm). Check fuel quantity indicators. Flaps: T/O (15) Stick free and trim set at zero Seat belts fastened and canopy closed and locked

V. VI. VII. VIII.

CRUISE Flights in the CIS airspace are allowed only along the routes with continuous ATC monitoring using RBS mode in the VHF covering zones. I. II. Reach cruising altitude Set power and engine rpm's for cruise. Oil temperature: 90-110 C. Temperature cylinder heads: 90 135 C Oil pressure: 2 - 5 bar. Fuel pressure: 2.2 5.8 psi (0.15 0.40 bar) IV. Carburettor heat as needed, see paragraph on carb. heat in Section 3.

III. Check engine instruments

NOTE

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Compensate unpredicted asymmetrical fuel consumption between left and right fuel tanks operating the fuel selector valve. Switch on the electric fuel pump prior to swap the fuel feeding from one tank to another

BEFORE LANDING I. II. III. IV. V. VI. Electric fuel pump: ON On downwind leg: speed: 68 KIAS (for both MTOW); Flaps: T/O (15) On downwind base: speed: 65 KIAS (for both MTOW); Flaps: T/O (15) On final leg: speed: 63 KIAS (for both MTOW); Flaps: Land (40) Establish descent Optimal touchdown speed: 51 KIAS (for both MTOW)

COLD WEATHER OPERATIONS


If the aircraft is operated in cold weather conditions (from -25C till -5C) it is necessary to perform following procedures:

Heat the cabin to +25C to avoid windshield frost in flight Heat the engines with external source to + 20 C

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STALL SPEED (Approved data)


CONDITIONS: - Weight 580 kg - Throttle: idle - No ground effect

Lateral Bank FLAP UP FLAP TO FLAP FULL KIAS 40 35 30

0 KCAS 49 46 39 KIAS 45 40 34

30 KCAS 53 49 42 KIAS 53 47 41

45 KCAS 58 54 47 KIAS 67 61 53

60 KCAS 70 65 56

CONDITIONS: - Weight 600 kg - Throttle: idle - No ground effect

Lateral Bank FLAP UP FLAP TO FLAP FULL KIAS 41 36 31

0 KCAS KIAS 46 50 46 40 41 35

30 KCAS KIAS 54 53 50 43 48 41

45 KCAS KIAS 68 59 55 47 62 53

60 KCAS 70 65 56

NOTE Altitude loss during conventional stall recovery as demonstrated during test flights is approximately 100ft with banking under 30.

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FLIGHT MANUAL TAKEOFF PERFORMANCES (Approved data)


TAKEOFF DISTANCE CONDITIONS: - Flaps: TO - Engine throttle: full throttle (see Sect.4) - R/C 200 ft/min

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- Runway: paved - Slope: 0; Wind: zero

Example:
Given O.A.T. = 15C Pressure altitude = 2900 ft Weight = 480 Kg Find TOD = 295m TOR = 132m

Fig. 5-4. TAKEOFF PERFORMANCES

NOTE 1. Decrease distances by 10% for each 10Kts of ahead wind. Increase distances by 20% for each 10 Kts of tailwind. 2. Measurement distance for short grass (less than 2 inches) must be increased of 10%. Measurement distance for high grass (more than 2 inches) must be increased of 15%. 3. A rising runway with a gradient of 1% causes an acceleration decreasing of the same intensity and, consequently, the takeoff run increases by5%.

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CONDITIONS: 580 kg MTOW Flaps Engine V obs 15 Full throttle 45 KIAS 600 kg MTOW 15

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CLIMB RATE IN TAKEOFF CONFIGURATION (Approved data)

Full throttle 46 KIAS

Climb rate at maximum takeoff weight (580/600kg) in demonstrated ISA s.l. conditions is 850 ft/min for 580 kg MTOW and 800 ft/min for 600 kg MTOW.

CRUISE
CONDITIONS: - ISA - Wind: zero - MTOW = For both MOTW
120

115

75%

70% 65% 60% 2224 RPM 55%

110

2182 RPM 2141 RPM

TAS [KTS]

50%

105
2059 RPM

100
1976 RPM 45% 1894 RPM

95

90 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000 11000 12000

Density Altitude [ft]

Fig. 5-6 CRUISE

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FLIGHT MANUAL LANDING DISTANCE (Approved data)


LANDING DISTANCE AND GROUND RUN

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CONDITIONS: Weight: 580 kg; Flap: 40 Runway: dry, compact, grass Engine: idle Slope: 0; Wind: zero Distance over the obstacle of 15 m OAT: ISA -20C Hp (ft) 0 2000 4000 6000 Total Distance (m) 235 241 248 256 Ground Run (m) 88 94 99 105

OAT: ISA -10C Hp (ft) 0 2000 4000 6000 OAT: ISA +0C Hp (ft) 0 2000 4000 6000 Total Distance (m) 243 250 258 266 Ground Run (m) 95 101 107 113 Total Distance (m) 239 246 253 261 Ground Run (m) 92 97 103 109

OAT: ISA +10C Hp (ft) 0 2000 4000 6000 Total Distance (m) 247 255 263 271 Ground Run (m) 98 104 111 118

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OAT: ISA +20C Hp (ft) 0 2000 4000 6000 Total Distance (m) 251 259 268 277

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Ground Run (m) 101 108 114 122

OAT: ISA +40C Hp (ft) 0 2000 4000 6000 Total Distance (m) 258 269 270 289 NOTE 1. 2. 3. Decrease distances by 10% for each 10 Kts of headwind. Increase distances by 20 % for each 10 Kts of tailwind; For dry and paved runway operation increase ground run by 10%; If it becomes necessary to land without flap extension (flap malfunction), increase approach speed by 10 Kts, increase by 40% distance pertaining to flap setting at 40 and increase V obs to 56 KIAS for 580 kg MTOW and to 57 KIAS for 600 kg MTOW; V obs (speed over obstacle) is 48 KIAS for 580 kg MTOW and 49 KIAS for 600 kg MTOW; If the maximum takeoff weight is 600 kg, the Total Distance increases about 10%; Ground Run (m) 108 116 120 130

4. 5.

6.6 WEIGHT AND BALANCE


No variations.

6.7 SYSTEMS
No variations.

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FLIGHT MANUAL SUPPLEMENT N 7

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SECTION 9 SUPPLEMENTS

GARMIN G500 AVIONICS DISPLAY SYSTEM

INTRODUCTION
This AFM Supplement contains supplemental information to operate, in a safe and efficient manner, the aircraft when equipped with Garmin G500 Avionics Display System (Design Change MOD 2002/041).

Garmin G500 Pilots Guide (P/N 190-01102-02) last issue must be carried onboard the airplane at all times.
CAUTION

NOTE

Garmin G500 Cockpit Reference Guide (P/N 190-01102-03) last issue provides a synthetic explanation of system operation.

7.1 GENERAL
The G500 is an integrated display system that presents primary flight instrumentation, navigation, and a moving map to the pilot through large format displays. In normal operating mode, the Primary Flight Display (PFD) presents graphical flight instrumentation (attitude, heading, airspeed, altitude, vertical speed), replacing the traditional flight instrument cluster. The Multi-Function Display (MFD) normally displays a full-color moving map with navigation information. An analogue stand-by airspeed indicator and a stand-by altimeter provide the pilot with the primary flight information also in event of G500 failure.

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7.2 LIMITATIONS

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AIRSPEED LIMITATIONS
Airspeed limitations and their operational significance are shown below:

SPEED

KIAS KCAS

REMARKS Never exceed this speed in any operation. Never exceed this speed unless in smooth air, and then only with caution. Do not make full or abrupt control movements above this speed as this may cause stress in excess of limit load factor

VNE

Never exceed speed Maximum Structural Cruising Speed

141

138

VNO

112

108

VA

Manoeuvring speed

98

96

VFE

Maximum flap extended speed

LDG

68 99

70 97

APP

Do not exceed these speeds with the given flap setting.

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FLIGHT MANUAL AIRSPEED INDICATOR MARKINGS

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Airspeed indicator markings and their colour code are explained in the following table. Garmin G500 Airspeed Indicator displays airspeed on a rolling number gauge using a moving tape: a color-coded (white, green, yellow, and red/white barber pole) speed range strip is located on the moving tape.

NOTE

Refer to Garmin G500 Pilots Guide (P/N 190-01102-02) last issue for airspeed indicator description.

MARKING

KIAS

SIGNIFICANCE Positive Flap Operating Range (lower limit is V SO , at maximum weight [600 kg] and upper limit is the maximum speed permissible with landing flaps extension). Normal Operating Range (lower limit is VS1 at maximum weight [600 kg] and most forward c.g. with flaps retracted and upper limit is maximum structural speed V NO ). Manoeuvres must be conducted with caution and only in smooth air. Maximum speed for all operations.

White band

31 - 68

Green band

41 112

Yellow band Red line

112 - 141 141

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7.3 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES

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Before operating the aircraft, the pilot should become thoroughly familiar with the Garmin G500 Pilots Guide (P/N 190-01102-02) last issue.

Garmin G500 Pilots Guide (P/N 190-01102-02) last issue must be carried onboard the airplane at all times.
CAUTION

Further, a continued and appropriate training should be provided.

For safety reasons, G500 operational procedures must be learned on the ground.
WARNING

WARNING

The Garmin G500 has a very high degree of functional integrity. However, the pilot must recognize that providing monitoring and/or self-test capability for all conceivable system failures is not practical. Although unlikely, it may be possible for erroneous operation to occur without a fault indication shown by the G500. It is thus the responsibility of the pilot to detect such an occurrence by means of cross-checking with all redundant or correlated information available in the cockpit.

In case of emergency the pilot should acts as follows: 1. 2. 3. 4. Keep self-control and aircraft control Analyse the situation identifying, if required, the area for a likely emergency landing Apply the pertinent procedure Inform the Air Traffic Control if time and conditions allow for it

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FLIGHT MANUAL IN-FLIGHT ENGINE RESTART

P2002-JF

SECTION 9 SUPPLEMENTS

Make reference to the instructions reported on Section 3 of this Manual. Additionally, take into account what below addressed: NOTE After starter engagement during in-flight engine restart, GNS 430 (or the alternative equipment GNS 530) indication may be temporarily lost. Recovery can last up to 1 minute.

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FLIGHT MANUAL G500 SYSTEM FAILURES


LOSS OF INFORMATION DISPLAYED

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SECTION 9 SUPPLEMENTS

When a LRU or a LRU function fails, a large red X is typically displayed on the display field associated with the failed data. In most of cases, the red X annunciation is accompanied by an Alert Message. Refer to G500 Pilots Guide (P/N 190-01102-02), last issue, Chapter 6, Annunciations and Alerts list.

NOTE

LOSS OF AIRSPEED INFORMATION

If the display system is not receiving airspeed input from the Air Data Computer, a red X is displayed on the field. INSTRUCTION: refer to standby analogical airspeed indicator

LOSS OF ALTITUDE INFORMATION

If the display system is not receiving altitude input from the Air Data Computer, a red X is displayed on the field. INSTRUCTION: refer to standby analogical altitude indicator

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7.4 NORMAL OPERATION

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Document Garmin G500 Pilots Guide (P/N 190-01102-02) last issue - reports detailed instructions to operate the system in subject. Make always reference to the information addressed within the above mentioned document.

Garmin G500 Pilots Guide (P/N 190-01102-02) last issue must be carried onboard the airplane at all times.
CAUTION

For safety reasons, G500 operational procedures must be learned on the ground.
WARNING

WARNING

To reduce the risk of unsafe operation, carefully review and understand all aspects of the G500 Pilots Guide. Thoroughly practice basic operation prior to actual use. During flight operations, carefully compare indications from the G500 to all available navigation sources, including the information from other NAVAIDs, visual sightings, charts, etc. For safety purposes, always resolve any discrepancies before continuing navigation.

7.5 PERFORMANCE
Garmin G500 Avionics Display System installation does not affect the aircraft performance.

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7.6 WEIGHT AND BALANCE


For weight and balance, make reference to Section 6 of this Manual; additionally, the equipment list is so integrated:

EQUIPMENT LIST

A/C S/N
INST

DATE:
WEIGHT kg

REF.

DESCRIPTION & P/N

DATUM m 1.35 2.77 0.81 4.91 2.08 1.35 1.35 1.35

Garmin GDU 620 Display Garmin GRS 77 AHRS Garmin GDC 74A ADC Garmin GMU 44 magnetometer Garmin GTP 59 temperature probe Stand-by airspeed indicator Mid Continent P/N 25020-0179 Stand-by altimeter Mid Continent P/N 15035-1102 Bank angle indicator (optional) Falcon Gauge P/N SI-2Q

* * * * * * *

2.9 1.27 0.72 0.16 0.2 0.27 0.36 0.2

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7.7 SYSTEMS

P2002-JF

SECTION 9 SUPPLEMENTS

Garmin G500 system is an avionics system which interfaces with the NAV devices and integrates the functions of a VOR/ILS/GPS indicator. An overview of the configuration of the system installed on Tecnam P2002 is shown in the figure below:

Fig. 3 Below a brief description of each unit of the suite is provided. The GDU 620 has dual VGA 6.5 inch LCD displays. The left side of the GDU is a PFD and the right side is the MFD. The MFD shows a moving map, flight plan and more. The PFD shows primary flight information, in place of traditional pitotstatic and gyroscopic systems and also provides an HSI for navigation. The GRS 77 is an Attitude and Heading Reference System (AHRS) unit that provides aircraft attitude information to the G500 display. The unit contains advanced tilt sensors, accelerometers, and rate sensors. In addition, the GRS 77 interfaces with both the GDC 74A Air Data Computer and the GMU 44 magnetometer. The GRS 77 also utilizes GPS data forwarded from the GDU620.

The GMU 44 magnetometer senses the earths magnetic field. Data is sent to the GRS 77 AHRS for processing to determine aircraft magnetic heading. This unit receives power directly from the GRS 77.

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FLIGHT MANUAL

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SECTION 9 SUPPLEMENTS

The GDC 74A Air Data Computer (ADC) compiles information from the pitot/static system and an Outside Air Temperature (OAT) sensor. The GDC 74A provides pressure altitude, airspeed, vertical speed, and OAT information to the G500 system. The GDC 74A communicates with the GDU 620 and GRS 77. GTP59 It is the temperature probe which provides Outside Air Temperature (OAT) data to the GDC74A. The GPS unit is the same installed on analogue P2002 configuration: the Garmin GNS 430 or GNS 530. An analogue airspeed indicator and an altimeter have been added to provide the pilot with main flight information also in case of G500 failure. The above mentioned instruments are pneumatic and they dont need electrical supply. The G500 PFD and MFD displays use a lens coated with a special anti-reflective coating that is very sensitive to skin oils, waxes, and abrasive cleaners. CLEANERS CONTAINING AMMONIA WILL HARM THE ANTI-REFLECTIVE COATING. It is very important to clean the lens using a clean, lint-free cloth and an eyeglass lens cleaner that is specified as safe for antireflective coatings.

CAUTION

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FLIGHT MANUAL
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM The drawing below shows the electrical system schematic:

P2002-JF

SECTION 9 SUPPLEMENTS

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The Garmin G500 units are connected to the avionic bus through dedicated circuit breakers. When the G500 is installed, also the design change 2002/026 Optional External Generator is applied to provide the necessary amount of current to the new electrical loads. A dedicated breaker panel is therefore installed:

INSTRUMENTS PANEL The instrument panel (typical layout) is shown on the following page.

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INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

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FLIGHT MANUAL SUPPLEMENT N 8


VFR NIGHT EQUIPMENT

P2002-JF

SECTION 9 SUPPLEMENTS

INTRODUCTION
This AFM Supplement contains supplemental information to operate the airplane, in VFR Night conditions, in a safe and efficient manner. In this case the airplane must embody both Design Change MOD 2002/050 VFR Night and Design Change MOD 2002/041 Garmin G500 Avionics Display System. Additionally, following equipment must be installed: Garmin GNS 430 (or 530) GPS/VHF COMM/NAV or Garmin SL30 VHF COMM/NAV Garmin SL40 VHF COMM/NAV Garmin GTX328 Mode S Transponder

8.1 GENERAL
In order to allow flight in VFR Night conditions, the airplane is fitted with additional equipment, namely: an airspeed indicating system connected to a heated Pitot tube an alternate static port two instruments lights fitted with dimmer device a dimmable annunciator panel a dome light a torch

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8.2 LIMITATIONS

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KINDS OF OPERATION
Following table contains the list of minimum equipment, in addition to those reported on Section 2 of the basic AFM, required on board to allow flight operations in VFR Night: flight in VFR Night is permitted only if the prescribed additional equipment is installed and operational.

2nd VHF COMM equipment Pitot heating system Instruments lights Landing light Strobe lights ELT Transponder Torch Dome light

Flight into expected and/or known icing conditions is prohibited.

NOTE

Additional equipments may be asked to fulfill national or specific requirements. Its a responsibility of the continued airworthiness manager to be compliant with these requirements.

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FLIGHT MANUAL LIMITATIONS PLACARDS

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SECTION 9 SUPPLEMENTS

The following limitation placard is placed in clear pilots view on the instruments panel: THIS AEROPLANE IS CLASSIFIED AS A VERY LIGHT AEROPLANE APPROVED FOR DAY AND NIGHT VFR IN NON-ICING CONDITIONS. ALL AEROBATIC MANOEUVRES INCLUDING INTENTIONAL SPINNING ARE PROHIBITED. SEE FLIGHT MANUAL FOR OTHER LIMITATIONS

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8.3 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
GENERATOR WARNING LIGHT

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SECTION 9 SUPPLEMENTS

Generator warning light ALT may illuminate for a faulty alternator or when voltage is above 16V; in this case the over-voltage sensor automatically shuts down the alternator. Apply following procedure::

1 2

Generator switch and master switch Generator switch and master switch

OFF ON

If generator warning light ALT stays displayed

1 2 3 4 5 6

Generator switch Non essential electric equipments Strobe lights mode switch Radio calls Five minutes before landing Limit the landing light use

OFF OFF Set to EMER reduce at the strictly necessary Pitot heat OFF

NOTE

The battery is able to supply the electrical system for at least 30 minutes to complete flight in emergency conditions, with normal flight electric-loads including operation of flap and trim.

INSTRUMENTS LIGHTS FAILURE In event of failures affecting the instruments lights, if required, apply following instructions: Dome light . 2nd Edition Rev 3, 10th February 2011 9-54 ON

FLIGHT MANUAL
STATIC PORT FAILURE

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SECTION 9 SUPPLEMENTS

In case of static port failure, the alternate static port in the cabin (pedestal, right side) must be activated. In this case apply following procedure:

1. 2. 3.

Cabin ventilation Alternate static port Continue the mission

OFF (hot and cold air) OPEN

UNINTENTIONAL FLIGHT INTO ICING CONDITIONS

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

Carburettor heating: ON Pitot heat: ON Get away from icing conditions by changing altitude or direction of flight in order to reach an area with warmer external temperature Controls surfaces: continue to move to maintain their movability Increase RPM to avoid ice formation on propeller blades. Cabin heat: ON

In event of ice build-up in correspondence of wing leading edges, stall speed increases.
WARNING

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SECTION 9 SUPPLEMENTS

8.4 NORMAL OPERATION

PRE-FLIGHT INSPECTIONS
Before each flight, in addition to the inspections prescribed on Section 4 of the basic AFM, it is necessary to carry out following functional checks:

CABIN INSPECTION

MASTER SWITCH Torch Instrument lights Dome light Pitot heating system

ON TEST TEST TEST Make sure plug is removed, set to ON, CHECK advisory light ON. After about 5 seconds, turn OFF Pitot heating system. Check Pitot if warm. CHECK closed NORM ON, check wing and vertical fin strobe lights ON EMER, check wing strobe lights OFF, check vertical fin strobe ON NORM OFF TEST OFF

Alternate static port Strobe lights mode switch Strobe lights switch Strobe lights mode switch Strobe lights mode switch Strobe lights switch Landing light MASTER SWITCH

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8.5 PERFORMANCE

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SECTION 9 SUPPLEMENTS

VFR Night equipment installation does not affect the aircraft performance.

8.6 WEIGHT AND BALANCE


For weight and balance, make reference to Section 6 of this Manual; additionally, the equipment list is so integrated:

EQUIPMENT LIST

A/C S/N
INST

DATE:
WEIGHT kg

REF.

DESCRIPTION & P/N

DATUM m 1.55 1.55 1.73 2.70 0.2

Instruments lights (two items) - each Alternate static port Pitot heated Dome light Landing light - AS GE 4509

* * * * *

0.1 0.03 0.3 0.1 0.5

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8.7 SYSTEMS
VFR NIGHT EQUIPMENT

P2002-JF

SECTION 9 SUPPLEMENTS

In order to allow flight in VFR Night conditions, the airplane is fitted with additional equipment, herein described. Instruments lights A couple of instrument lights (LED type) is connected to the main bus through a circuit breaker and installed in correspondence of fixed part of the canopy, one for each side. Fitted with flexible struts, they can be adapted to illuminate the instruments panel, as per pilot needs. A dimmer device, located next to the annunciator panel, allows for regulating instruments lights brightness.

Dome light In event of electrical failures, the dome light, installed on the cabin ceiling and directly connected to the battery through a circuit breaker, provides the pilot with an additional mean to illuminate the cabin and the instruments panel. Torch An emergency torch is provided in the cabin. Annunciator panel Instruments panel features an annunciator panel consisting of three lights, namely: ALT warning light: it indicates that the alternator is OFF or not working properly PITOT HEAT advisory light: it indicates that Pitot heating system is ON FUEL PUMP advisory light: it indicates that the electrical fuel pump is ON

The VFR day/night switch allows for regulating annunciator panel brightness, depending upon light conditions; it is located next to the annunciator panel itself and it permits two brightness set-ups (day and night). 2nd Edition Rev 3, 10th February 2011 9-58

FLIGHT MANUAL
Strobe lights mode switch

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SECTION 9 SUPPLEMENTS

Strobe lights (located on the wings and on the vertical fin) are activated by means of a switch located on the instruments panel, RH lower side. The strobe lights mode switch, instead, allows for selecting two operational modes: NORM: all strobe lights are ON EMER: only the strobe light on the vertical fin is ON The switch allows for reducing electrical loads in event of electrical system failures. Landing light Landing light is located under the engine nacelle, instead of the left wing leading edge, in order to prevent pilot blinding during night operations..

Pitot heating system The airplane airspeed indicating system is connected to a heated Pitot tube; heating system is activated by means of a switch which activates the advisory light (PITOT HEAT) on the annunciator panel. The advisory light informs the pilot that the system is activated but it does not indicate whether it works properly. Alternate static port The airplane is fitted with an alternate static port located in the cabin in correspondence of the pedestal, RH side. It is activated by means of a lever.

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM AND INSTRUMENTS PANEL The drawings below show the electrical system schematic and the instruments panel (typical layout).

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SECTION 9 SUPPLEMENTS

N2 0

L G EN . G I

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INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

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