Academic Project Report

On

Guided by
Shankar S. M.E

Compiled by

M.A.HARIKRISHNAN
R.PATTABIRAMAN
S.KATHIRVEL
 ABSTRACT

T he main goal of our project is to build a DNS server which

supports IPv6 name resolution. This has been achieved by

configuring the server which has provision of complete support for both

IPv4 and IPv6 in hosts and routers. The method of encapsulation of IPv6

packets within IPv4 headers over IPv4 network, simply called as IPv6 over

IPv4 is used. The objective of the project is to setup own Linux IPv6 DNS

server to allow IPv6 name resolution using the latest version of bindconf

tool. To set a server which supports both IPv4 and IPv6 name resolution.

The provision specified above can be achieved by creating kernel with

appropriate network parameters using shell scripts.

OVERVIEW OF THE PROJECT
The project mainly deals with creating a Dual IP stack node with
provision of complete support for both IPV4 and IPV6 in hosts and servers.
This can be achieved by making a recursive copy of the kernel and
configuring the necessary network properties to support both IPv4 and IPv6.
The kernel is configured by using scripts in shell programming and C
programming.

The main idea of the project is configure a DNS server in Linux with
IPv6 name resolution facility. The concept of encapsulation of IPv6 packets
within IPv4 headers to carry then an IPv4 network simply called as IPv6
over IPv4 tunneling.

PROBLEM DEFINITION
LINUX kernels up to 2.3 do not support the incorporation of IPv6 into
it. Hence to build a kernel which has provision for both IPv4 and IPv6 we
use kernel version 2.4. In this project, we look closely at IPv6 name
resolution and provide technical support to help the user set up, their own
IPv6 Linux DNS server to allow IPv6 name resolution using the latest
version of BIND Configuration tool.

EXISTING SYSTEM

The existing IPv4 system supports DNS configuration in Linux 9 and

its prior versions. The graphical tool BIND 9 and prior versions support
DNS configuration of IPv4. The kernel version 2.4 and prior versions
support IPv4 DNS configuration. The BIND tool was introduced to
configure the IPv4 DNS after Linux 6. The existing system namely linux8,
BIND 8 does not support IPv6 configurations.

PROPOSED SYSTEM

The proposed system is aimed at removing the drawbacks of the

existing system. Our dual stack server can easily help a user to give IPv6
support to the Linux system.

The project has configurations and tunneling is established through

coding written in JAVA. Also, the packets are transferred from client to the
server using the code.

OUR PROJECT MODULES

Our Project is divided into five Modules
Module 1
– Kernel Compilation and Creation of Patch Work.
Module 2
– DNS Configuration Settings by editing the /etc directories.
Module 3
– Establishing Connection between Client and Server through
Sockets.
Module 4
– Cross Platform Resource Access.
Module 5
– Testing our Project into System Testing.
THE BOTTOMLINE OF THE PROJECT

At Present situation, suddenly we can’t change the entire IPv4

network into IPv6 network. That’s why we chose to select the concept of IP
v6 over IPv4 Tunneling. The above diagram represents the Bottom line of
the Project that resolves the name and IP address for both IPv6 and IPv4
components. The main concept involved in our Project IPv6 over IPv6
Tunneling. The principal function for this concept is encapsulating the IPv6
packets within IPv4 packets.

IPV6 FEATURES
• Increased address space
– 128 bits = 340 trillion trillion trillion addresses
– (2128 =340,282,366,920,938,463,463,374,607,431,768,211,456)
– = 67 billion billion addresses per cm2 of the planet surface
• Hierarchical address architecture
– Improved address aggregation
• More efficient header architecture
 • Neighbor discovery and autoconfiguration
– Improved operational efficiency
– Easier network changes and renumbering
– Simpler network applications (Mobile IP)
• Integrated security features

LINUX – A QUICK TOUR

LINUX is a free, UNIX work-alike designed for Intel processors on
personal computer. Linux is not UNIX, as UNIX is a copyrighted piece of
software that demands license fees when any part of its source code is used.
LINUX was written from scratch to avoid license fees entirely, although the
operating system is based on UNIX’s command set and look-feel, so if you
know either UNIX or Linux, you know the other too.

DNS IN NUT SHELL

• DNS is the Domain Name System.
• It translates (or "maps" as the jargon would have it) from name to
address and from address to name, and some other things.
• Allow machines to be logically grouped by name Domains.
• Provides email routing Information.

Forward Lookup
Resolves Hostname into IP address.
Reverse Lookup
Resolves IP address into Host Name.

DNS SERVER FUNCTIONS

 • Internet Domain Support
- Accessing servers through remote network.
• Local Name Resolution
- Resolve the hostnames of systems on your LAN.
• Internet Name Resolution
- Most often used for this is the ISP's DNS servers.

SERVICE PROFILE :DNS

• Type : System V-Managed Service

• Packages : bind, bind-utils
• Daemons : named, rndc
• Script : named
• Ports : 53(domain), 953(rndc)
• Configs : /etc/named.conf,
/var/named/*
/etc/rndc.*

CONCLUSION
 Our Project would resolve both IPv4 and IPv6 names, since we have
created a dual stack which supports both kinds of name resolution. The
project also includes the tunneling mechanism through name resolution by
the code developed in JAVA.

Though the system has been successfully working with the currently
developed modules, it is planned to upgrade the system to accommodate the
IPv6 name server too. These ideas are under consideration and ground work
for further development is on.
These are the Pointers that we have chosen IPv6 as academic Project.
• IPv6 is a key cutting Edge Technology
• Top 4th Technology all around the world
– Source: (EFY Magazine December 2005)
• Top 6th Technology from Computer Networks
– Source: Network Magazine
• Long-term solution, Scalable, Reliable, Manageable
• Secure and High-performance IP networks.

SCOPE OF FUTURE ENHANCEMENT

The Future Enhancement for our project involves:

• Implementation of IPv6 Name Server.

• Implementation of DHCP Name Server.
• Implementation of SAMBA Server.
REFERENCE

Supported RFC’s For Our Project

The Supported RFC’s for our projects are
• RFC1886: DNS extension for IPv6
• RFC2373: IPv6 addressing architecture
• RFC2428: FTP extensions for IPv6 & NATs
• RFC2452: IPv6 MIB: TCP
• RFC2463: ICMP for IPv6
• RFC2464: IPv6 over ethernet
• RFC2466: IPv6 MIB: ICMP
• RFC2553: Basic socket API for IPv6

Books Referred

1. M.Beck, H.Bome, M, Dziadzka, U.Kunitz, R.Manus, D,Verwomer “

LINUX Kernal Internets” Addison Wesley Longman (singaporie ) pte
Ltd . Indian Branch 482 FIE patparaganj , Delhi -110092

2. Craig Hunt “ Linux Network Servers” BPB publications , B-14

connaught place, New Delhi-01

3. Kerry Cox “Red Hat Linux administrator’s guide” Prentice Hall of

India pte Ltd, New Delhi -01

4. Christopher Negus “ Red Hat Linux 9 Bible” WILEY – dreamtech

India pvt Ltd, New Delhi-01
 5. Douglas E.Comer “Internetworking with TCP/IP” forth edition,
Pearson Education pte Ltd, New Delhi-92

Websites

1. www.ietf.org
2. www.6bone.net
3. www.IPv6forum.com
4. www.linuxkernel.org
5. www.sourceforge.net
6. www.ipv6.org
7. www.linux.org
8. www.linuxquestions.org
9. www.desktoplinux.com
10. www.realvnc.com