Drug Drug: Generic name: Oxytocin Brand name: Pitosin Classification: *Antihemorrhagic *Lactation stimulant *Diagnostic aid Dosage:

1-mL ampul are combined aseptically with 1,000 mL of nonhydrating diluent. Frequency: 3-6 mL of the dilute oxytocin solution per hour) Route: IVF

Action Mechanism of Action: Oxytocin stimulates contraction of uterine smooth muscle by increasing intracellular calcium concentrations, thus mimicking contractions of normal, spontaneous labor and transiently impeding uterine blood flow. Adverse Reactions: *Anaphylactic reaction *Postpartum hemorrhage *Cardiac arrhythmia *Fatal afibrinogenemia *Hypertensive episodes *Nausea *Vomiting *Premature ventricular contractions *Pelvic hematoma *Subarachnoid hemorrhage *Hypertensive episodes *Rupture of the uterus

Indication and Contraindication Indication: * induction of labor in patients with a medical indication for the initiation of labor, such as Rh problems, maternal diabetes, preeclampsia at or near term, when delivery is in the best interests of mother and fetus or when membranes are prematurely ruptured and delivery is indicated *stimulation or reinforcement of labor, as in selected cases of uterine inertia *as adjunctive therapy in the management of incomplete or inevitable abortion. *is indicated to produce uterine contractions during the third stage of labor and to control postpartum bleeding or hemorrhage. Contraindication: *Where there is significant cephalopelvic disproportion *In unfavorable fetal positions or presentations, such as transverse lies, which are undeliverable without conversion prior to delivery *In obstetrical emergencies

Nursing responsibilities Nursing Responsibilities: *10 rights in administering medications *Fetal maturity, presentation, and pelvic adequacy should be assessed prior to administration of oxytocin for induction of labor. * Assess character, frequency, and duration of uterine contractions; resting uterine tone; and fetal heart rate frequently throughout administration. *Monitor maternal blood pressure and pulse frequently. *This drug occasionally causes water intoxication. * Do not confuse oxytocin with vasopressin. *Monitor patient for signs and symptoms of drowsiness and anuria. *Do not administer oxytocin simultaneously by more than one route. * Infuse oxytocin via infusion pump for accurate dosage. * Advise patient to expect contractions similar to menstrual cramps after administration. *Postpartum Bleeding: For control of Postpartum bleeding, dilute 10 40 units in 1 liter of compatible infusion fluid.

where the benefit-to-risk ratio for either the fetus or the mother favors surgical intervention *In fetal distress where delivery is not imminent *Where adequate uterine activity fails to achieve satisfactory progress *Where the uterus is already hyperactive or hypertonic *In cases where vaginal delivery is contraindicated, such as invasive cervical carcinoma, active herpes genitalis, total placenta previa, vasa previa, and cord presentation or prolapse of the cord *In patients with hypersensitivity to the drug.

Que, Honey Sharlotte L. BSN IV-D