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Valeza / T168
•Right to carry passengers from one’s own
Air Traffic Rights/Freedoms of the Air country to a second country, and from that country
to a third country
•Set of commercial aviation rights granting a “So-called Freedoms”
country’s airline(s) the privilege to enter & land in
another country’s airspace •Right to carry passengers or cargo from a
Five Freedoms Agreement second country to a third country by stopping in
one’s own country (The Sixth Freedom)
•International Air Transport Agreement “So-called Freedoms”
•encompasses the first five freedoms •Right to carry passengers or cargo between two
foreign countries without continuing service to
•came about due to the Chicago Convention one’s own country (The Seventh Freedom)
“So-called Freedoms”
where US called for a standardized set of
separate air rights which may be negotiated •Right to carry passengers or cargo within a
between states/countries.
Five Freedoms Agreement foreign country with continuing service to or from
one’s own country (Eighth Freedom)
•Right to overfly a country without landing “So-called Freedoms”
•Right to stop in a country for refueling or •Right to carry passengers or cargo within a
foreign country without continuing service to or
maintenance on the way to another, without
from one’s own country (Ninth Freedom)
transferring passengers or cargo
AEROPOLITICS
dEgReE oF L!bErAliZaTIoN
•Right to carry passengers or cargo from one’s Understanding Liberalization
own country to another
Five Freedoms Agreement •Liberal economic theory holds that FREE
MARKETS allocate resources most efficiently and
•Right to carry passengers or cargo from another lead to greater output
country to one’s own
•Despite this, a lot of industries are regulated --
•Right to carry passengers from one’s own one such industry is the Airline Industry
country to a second country, and from that country Understanding Liberalization
to a third country
The First Freedom •Can be explained by the following:
•Right to overfly a country without landing –hegemonic stability theory
The Second Freedom
–globalization thesis
•Right to stop in a country for refueling or
maintenance on the way to another, without
–state of the national economy
transferring passengers or cargo
–state centered
The Third Freedom
–societal-dominant
•Right to carry passengers or cargo from one’s
Types of Liberalization
own country to another
The Fourth Freedom •Unilateral Liberalization
•Right to carry passengers or cargo from another –can be logically pursued by two categories of
country to one’s own countries:
The Fifth Freedom
•CATEGORY 1 - include those countries too poor
•momentum of the liberalization may slow down
to afford setting up their own airlines
AEROPOLITICS
•CATEGORY 2 - include those with so little VaLuE of a FLaG cArRiEr
population but so rich in resources, able to FLAG CARRIER refers to:
establish world-class airlines and airports that can
tap global marketplace. •A transportation company that is registered in a
Types of Liberalization given state
•Bilateral Liberalization •A state-run, state-owned or state-designated
transport company or organization specifically
–achieved a high acceptance among countries
showing the state flag apparent for public view
–much easier and convenient platform What is its IMPORTANCE?
•Today, over 270 members from more than 140 •Establish & prescribe corresponding rules &
nations regulations for the enforcement of laws governing
air transportation
•Headquarters: Montreal, Quebec, Canada
AAPA
•Administer & operate the Civil Aviation
Training Center (CATC)
•Association of Asia-Pacific Airlines ATO Functions
AAPA
•Determine, fix and/or prescribe charges and/or
•Organized in mid-1960s with PAL spearheading rated pertinent to the operation of laws governing
air transportation
its establishment
•Objective: collection, analysis and dissemination •Operate & maintain national airports, air
navigation and other similar facilities in
of data on the airline industry to members and
compliance to ICAO
interested outside organizations