31.

Automatic intelligent room light controller with visitor counter using IR In this competitive world and busy schedule human cannot spare time to perform his daily activities manually. The most common thing that he forgets to do is switching OFF the lights wherever they are not required. This project is a standalone automatic room light controller with auto door opening and closing. The main aim of the project is to control the lighting in a room depending upon lighting that is present in the room. Use of embedded technology makes this closed loop feedback control system efficient and reliable. Micro controller (AT89C51) allows dynamic and faster control. Liquid crystal display (LCD) makes the system user-friendly. AT89C51 micro controller is the heart of the circuit as it controls all the functions. The system comprises of two IR Transmitter-Receiver pairs, one of which is located in front of the door outside the room. The other pair is located inside the room. LDR is placed outside the room and is used to identify whether it is day or night time. Initially the light is switched off in the room. Whenever a person tries to enter into the room, the receiver of first IR pair identifies the person. Then the microcontroller opens the door by rotating the stepper motor. After the person had entered into the room completely, the door will be closed automatically. The light is switched off even if anyone is present inside the room during the day time. Similarly, the light is switched off if no one is there inside the room or if it is night times. Thus, depending on the intensity of light and the surrounding temperature, the required action is performed by the microcontroller. LCD displays the number of persons present inside the room. This project uses regulated 5V, 500mA power supply. 7805 three terminal voltage regulator is used for voltage regulation. Bridge type full wave rectifier is used to rectify the ac out put of secondary of 230/12V step down transformer 32. Automatic railway gate control system using IR This project is a standalone Automation of unmanned railway gate control system using AT89C51 microcontroller. Use of embedded technology makes this closed loop feedback control system efficient and reliable. Micro controller (AT89C51) allows dynamic and faster control. AT89C51 micro controller is the heart of the circuit as it controls all the functions. The main aim of this project is to automize the unmanned railway gate i.e. the gate is closed automatically whenever the train comes and is opened after the train leaves the railway-road crossing. Using this project, the arrival of the train can be identified in either direction. For this purpose, two IR transmitter and receiver pairs are used in this project. LCD is provided to display the information about the arrival and departure of the train. One IR TX-RX pair is placed at one end of the railway gate. The second pair is placed at another end of the gate. In each pair, the TX and RX are arranged face to face across the railway track i.e., TX is situated at one side of the track and RX is placed at another side of the track since the RX should continuously get the signal from the transmitter. Whenever any train is coming on the track, the IR signal will be disturbed due to the interruption of the train. Thus the microcontroller identifies the arrival of the train. Before closing the gate, the microcontroller activates the siren to alert the people who are on the track. After 30 sec, the controller closes the gate by rotating the stepper motor. The microcontroller should know whether the train left the crossing or not to open the gate. For this purpose, the second IR pair is used. This IR pair identifies the train since the IR signal is interrupted when the train comes in between the TX and RX. The micro controller will wait for the last compartment to leave the IR pair and after leaving, the receiver again gets IR signal. Till this time the gate is closed. Now, after the train had left the crossing, the microcontroller will open the gate by rotating the stepper motor. This project is more useful and there is no chance for accidents since time delays or length of the train is not calculated. Just the IR pairs will detect the arrival and departure of the train 38. Embedded automatic robotic car through SMS using GSM The advent of new high-speed technology and the growing computer capacity provided realistic opportunity for new robot controls and realization of new methods of control theory. This technical improvement together with the need for high performance robots created faster, more accurate and more intelligent robots using new robots control devices, new drives and advanced control algorithms. This project describes a new economical solution of robot control systems. The presented robot control system can

be used for different sophisticated robot applications. The control system consists of a GSM modem, a microcontroller that collects data from the modem and controls the robot. Robot is a system that contains sensors, control systems, manipulators, power supplies and software all working together to perform a task. Designing, building, programming and testing a robot is a combination of physics, mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, structural engineering, mathematics and computing. In some cases biology, medicine, chemistry might also be involved. A study of robotics means that students are actively engaged with all of these disciplines in a deeply problem-posing problem-solving environment. A complete solution of a robot control solution is presented in this project. The robot is fully controlled by the microcontroller and the information received by the modem is received by the microcontroller. The mechanical arrangement to the robot is arranged to the robot as a robotic car. A modem provides the communication interface. It transports device protocols transparently over the network through a serial interface. A GSM modem is a wireless modem that works with a GSM wireless network. A wireless modem behaves like a dial-up modem. The main difference between them is that a dial-up modem sends and receives data through a fixed telephone line while a wireless modem sends and receives data through radio waves. Thus, in order to control the robotic car using GSM, the user has to send the predefined messages to the modem. When the modem receives these predefined messages, it intimates the same to the microcontroller. The microcontroller upon receiving the information from the modem acts in accordance to the message, making it a highly automated app

Home security system using GSM Security is primary concern for every one. There are many ways to provide security at homes or in industries. But what if the security is assured irrespective of the person is inside or outside the house. This Project describes a design of effective security alarm system that can monitor the house with different sensors using GSM modem. Home Security System is a security system using wireless concept that monitors the status of each sensor continuously. This project is mainly useful in homes, industries etc to continuously safeguard homes and industries. The status of these different sensors is monitored continuously and whenever any of the sensors is triggered or activated, the response is identified by the controlling unit using LED indication and also the burglar alarm will be activated. This project works on very well if the person, monitoring the status of the sensors is 24*7 present in the home. But if the person is not available all time, this project cannot provide security in an effective way. Thus to enhance the features of this project, GSM modem is used. A modem provides the communication interface. It transports device protocols transparently over the network through a serial interface. A GSM modem is a wireless modem that works with a GSM wireless network. A wireless modem behaves like a dial-up modem. The main difference between them is that a dial-up modem sends and receives data through a fixed telephone line while a wireless modem sends and receives data through radio waves. Thus, when anything goes wrong in the home, the controller identifies and immediately sends a message to the users mobile and at the same time, the burglar alarm will be activated to alert the neighbours so that necessary actions can be taken immediately. If the authorized person is inside the home or industry, only the two sensors i.e., panic switch and the main door sensor will be enabled since if anything goes wrong even in the presence of the authorized person, the burglar alarm should be activated. If this person wishes to go out by opening the main door, the system waits for a small delay allowing the person to close the door. If the door is not closed within provided delay, the controller immediately sends a message to the mobile through the modem and the burglar alarm will be activated. The remaining sensors will be disabled until the person opens the door and closes it within the provided delay. After this, all the sensors will be enabled assuming that the person is outside the home now. In either case whether the authorized person is in or out of the house, security is provided by all means. This project not only indicates the user about the security breach but also indicates the location of intrusion. Metro train ticketing system using SMART CARD In these present days, as the man is very busy trying to compete with the challenging world, he does not prefer to

waste his valuable time in doing regular things routinely. In railway stations, persons have to monitor in all timings to issue the tickets for MMTS or general train tickets and for platform tickets also. And passengers also have to wait for long time even for this metro train and platform tickets. The person can book the tickets even by online services, but sometimes the network connections may be down or the services may not be updated very often. To avoid this risk and reduce the manpower, we are developing this low cost metro train ticketing system using smart card. In this project, each user contains one smart card which has some amount of money which is only used for train tickets and platform tickets. When the user goes to station to buy the ticket, he has to insert this card into out ticketing system and enter the destination station. Then this system deducts the respective amount from the smart card and issues the ticket .If the amount is insufficient, the system does not issue the ticket. Once the amount is over, the user has to recharge the same smartcard from railway departments. When the card runs out of balance, the system alerts the buzzer indicating no balance in the card. In this project we are using 8051 microcontroller to control the all the blocks and take the decision accordingly. LCD is used to display the name of the station and amount to be deducted etc. and a buzzer to indicate the insufficient amount card. Momentary type switches are also used to enter the destination station number.