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Especialidad Clave Crditos

: Maestra en Ingeniera de Control y Automatizacin : ICA611 : 3.0

Content
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Introduction

Control de Procesos
Profesor : Dr. Ing. Roberto Z. Tantalen C.
Especializacin en Control de Procesos Industriales University of Louisville, KY, EEUU

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Fundamentals of Industrial Processes

Processes in Concentration Plants Modeling and Control of SISO Processes Advanced Control Strategies Multivariable Process Control
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Textbooks
Bird Byron

II. Industrial Process Fundamentals

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Transport Phenomena 2002, John Wiley & Sons, Inc Watson, K. M. Chemical Process Principles: Material & Energy Balances 1980, John Wiley & Sons, Inc Kern, Donald Process Heat Transfer 1990, McGraw-Hill Inc
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Transport Phenomena

Momentum Balance

Energy Balance

Mass Blanace
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Transport Phenomena
Fluid Dynamics Involves transport of momentum Viscosity Newtons Law of Viscosity Heat Transfer Involves transport of energy Thermal Conductivity Fouriers Law of Heat Conduction Mass Transfer Involves transport of mass Diffusivity Ficks Law of Diffusion

Levels of Study
Transport phenomena can be studied at the following levels:
Macroscopic (balances)

The system dimension may be of the order of centimeters or meters. Microscopic (Equations of Change) The system dimension may be of the order o micron to the centimeter. Molecular (Mechanisms) The system dimension may be of the order of about 1 to 1000 nanometers.
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Phenomena Analogy
There are also many connections between the three areas of momentum, energy and mass transport.

At molecular level
Properties: Viscosity Conductivity Diffusivity

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Viscosity

Conductivity

Newton law of Viscosity:

Fouriers law of heat conduction

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Diffusivity

Example 1

Ficks law of binary diffusion. Mass flux:

Gradient?

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Example 2

Example 3

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The Balances

Shell Momentum Balance Shell Energy Balance Shell Mass Balance

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A Flow System

Momentum-flux Distribution

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Shell Momentum Balance

In Out = Accumulation
For steady flow: Rate of Rate of momentum in + momentum in + by convective by molecular transport transport Force of gravity acting on system Rate of momentum out by convective Transport Rate of momentum out transport

A Heating System

- by molecular

= 0

The objective is to obtain the flow velocity profiles of fluids in flow systems.

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Shell Energy Balance

A Diffusion System (Gas Absorption)

The objective is to obtain the temperature profile in heating systems.

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Shell Mass Balance

2.1

Momentum Balance

The objective is obtain the concentration profile in

Shell Momentum Balances Flow Distribution In laminar flow In turbulent flow Flow Of falling film Through a circular tube Through annulus

a binary or multicomponent systems.

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Shell Momentum Balance

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2.2

Energy Balance

Shell Energy Balances Temperature Distribution In Solids In Laminar Flow Heat Conduction Convection Forced Free Changes for No isothermal Systems Interface Transport in No isothermal Systems
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2.3

Mass Balance

Shell Mass Balance Concentration Distribution Diffusion without Chemical Reaction Diffusion with Chemical Reaction Multi-components Systems Interface Transport

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