VUHELP GROUP

WWW.VUHELP GROUP Solution Assignment No: 3

Q 1. Find the absolute extrema of the function 22(,)326fxyxyxy=+ on the square region R with vertices (0, 0), (0 , 2), (2, 2) and (2, 0) Solution: There are three steps of finding the Absolute extrema of a continuous function of two variables on a closed and bounded set R. STEP 1: Find the critical points of f that lie in the interior of R. STEP 2: Find all boundary points at which the absolute extrema can occur. STEP 3: Evaluate f(x, y) at the points obtained in the proceeding steps. The largest of these values is the absolute maximum and the smallest the absolute minimum. Above figure shows a yellow-colored square region R with vertices (0, 0), (0 , 2), (2, 2) and (2, 0). STEP 1:

Vuhelp group is a new name of Vuhelp group

VUHELP GROUP
WWW.VUHELP GROUP
(,)326(,)22(,)66xyfxyxyxyfxyxfxyy=+==+ So all the critical points occur where 22066xy=+=0 That is: 1010xandy=+= 11xandy== (1, 1) is the only critical point inside the given region R. You can easily see in the above figure that point (1, 1) lies inside the square R. STEP 2: i. Line segment between (0, 0) and (0, 2): On this line segment we have x = 0. So given function simplifies to a function of the single variable, 22(0,)3602(0,)()()3602()66fyyyySayfyuythenuyyyyuyy=+==+=+ For critical point ()660101uyyyy=+=+== which corresponds to a point (0, 1). (As x = 0 on this line segment)
22

The extreme values of u(y) may occur at the endpoints, that is, y = 0 and y = 2 which corresponds to the points (0, 0) and (0, 2) respectively. ii. Line segment between (0, 2) and (2, 2): On this line segment we have y = 2. So given function simplifies to a function of the single variable, 222(,2)12212022(,2)()()202()22fxxxxxxSayfxvxthenvxxxxvxx=+=== =

Vuhelp group is a new name of Vuhelp group

VUHELP GROUP
WWW.VUHELP GROUP
For critical point ()220101vxxxx==== which corresponds to a point (1, 2). (As y = 2 on this line segment) The extreme values of v(x) may occur at the endpoints, that is, x = 0 and x = 2 which corresponds to the points (0, 2) and (2, 2) respectively. iii. Line segment between (2, 2) and (2, 0): On this line segment we have x = 2. So given function simplifies to a function of the single variable, 222(2,)43460236(2,)()()3602()66fyyyyyySayfytythentyyyytyy=+=+== +=+ For critical point ()660101tyyyy=+=+== which corresponds to a point (2, 1). (As x = 2 on this line segment) The extreme values of t(y) may occur at the endpoints, that is, y = 0 and y = 2 which corresponds to the points (2, 0) and (2, 2) respectively. iv. Line segment between (2, 0) and (0, 0): On this line segment we have y = 0. So given function simplifies to a function of the single variable, 22(,0)202(,0)()()202()22fxxxxSayfxwxthenwxxxxwxx==== For critical point

Vuhelp group is a new name of Vuhelp group

VUHELP GROUP
WWW.VUHELP GROUP
()220101wxxxx====

which corresponds to a point (1, 0). (As y = 0 on this line segment) The extreme values of w(x) may occur at the endpoints, that is, x = 0 and x = 2 which corresponds to the points (0, 0) and (2, 0) respectively. STEP 3: (x, y) (1, 1) (0,1) (0, 0) (0, 2) (2, 2) (2, 0) (1, 0) (1, 2) (2, 1) f(x, y) 2 3 0 0 0 0 -1 -1 3 Thus Absolute maximum value of f is f (0, 1) = f (2, 1) = 3 (highest value among others) Absolute minimum value of f is f (1, 0) = f (1, 2) = -1 (lowest value among others) Remarks: My advice to all the students is to first draw the figure of region R according to the given points (or equations). Seeing visually makes the solution easier. Also, revise Article 4 of first chapter in the book Calculus with Analytic Geometry by Howard Anton, for equations of line. Q 2. Prove that (2)(2)xydxdyxydydx= Solution:
1221221001

Vuhelp group is a new name of Vuhelp group

VUHELP GROUP
WWW.VUHELP GROUP

231212101011121

(2)23843823882233163xxydxdyxydyydyyy====+
2121222101022202202303

+=

(2)1(1)2232(2)3163xydydxxyydxxxdxdxx==

==== x Thus 122122100116(2)(2)3xydxdyxydydx= = Q 3. Evaluate the iterated integral. Solution:

()

1200 y

4 xyydxdy+

Vuhelp group is a new name of Vuhelp group

VUHELP GROUP
WWW.VUHELP GROUP
() ()
1212200001220152201732017320

4282828273216273162481462732121yyxyydxdyxyxydyyyydyyydy

yyyy+=+=+=+=+=++=+== Q 4. Evaluate the iterated integral by first changing the order of integration. edxdy (Hint: Yellow colored region in following figure is the region of integration)
2110xy

Vuhelp group is a new name of Vuhelp group

VUHELP GROUP
WWW.VUHELP GROUP
Solution: First observe that the leftmost integral has limits 0 to 1 while at rightmost we have dy. So this means that variable y varies from zero to one. Next integral has limit y to 1 and dx is before dy, so this means that variable x varies from y to 1. In short we can say that for each fixed y on the interval [0, 1], x ranges from y to 1. You can also see that in the yellow-colored region of above figure. Now, to reverse the order of integration, see in the yellow-colored region of the figure that x varies from 0 to 1. To express y in terms of x we can say that y varies from 0 to x. So, this region is also said to be enclosed by y = 0 , y = x , 01x

Thus we can write,

()()
(0)1221212112xxxyxxxxxxxedxdyedydxyedxxeexedxxedxeeee=====

()

222222221110001001010101010

=== dx

Vuhelp group is a new name of Vuhelp group