Guide to Customers Preparation for BTS3900 LTE Installation

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Document Number Intended Users Issued by Client/Engineer/Cooperation Partner Wireless Product Service Dept, TSD

Product Name Product Version Document Version

BTS3900 LTE V100R001C00 1.0

Guide to Customers Preparation for BTS3900 LTE Installation

Prepared by Reviewed by Reviewed by Approved by

Xu chong

Date Date Date Date

2010-7-15

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

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BTS3900A Guide to Customers Preparation for BTS3900 LTE Installation 2010-7-15

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Guide to Customers Preparation for BTS3900 LTE Installation

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Change History
Date 2010-7-15 Version V1.0 Description First issue Author Xu chong

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Contents
3.1 Introduction of BTS3900 LTE...............................................................................................................................12 3.2 BTS3900 LTE cabinet............................................................................................................................................13 3.3 Site Requirements of the BTS3900 LTE................................................................................................................16 3.3.1 Site Selection Requirements of the eNodeB.....................................................................................................16 3.3.2 Space Requirements of the BTS3900...............................................................................................................17 3.3.3 Construction Requirements for the BTS3900 Equipment Room.....................................................................19 3.3.4 Operating Environment Requirements of the BTS3900...................................................................................23 3.4 Power Supply Requirements of the BTS3900........................................................................................................24 3.5 Grounding Requirements of the BTS3900.............................................................................................................25 3.6 Transmission Requirements for the eNodeB Site...................................................................................................25 4.1 Auxiliary Facilities Preparations for the BTS3900 Site.........................................................................................27 4.1.1 Preparing Cable Racks......................................................................................................................................27 4.1.2 Preparing the Grounding System......................................................................................................................27 4.2 Preparing Auxiliary Facilities for the BTS3900 Antenna System..........................................................................31 4.2.1 Requirements for the Tower.............................................................................................................................31 4.2.2 Preparing the Antenna Support on the Tower...................................................................................................32 4.2.3 Preparing the Antenna Support on the Rooftop................................................................................................34 4.2.4 Preparing the Feeder Window..........................................................................................................................40 4.3 Cable Requirements of the eNodeB.......................................................................................................................40 4.3.1 Requirements for Materials of the Indoor eNodeB Cables..............................................................................40 4.3.2 General Cabling Specifications for the eNodeB...............................................................................................41 4.4 Preparation of Personnel for the Installation..........................................................................................................43 5.1 Acceptance Items for the Environment of the Equipment Room...........................................................................44 5.2 Acceptance Items for Power Supply.......................................................................................................................45 5.3 Acceptance Items for Surge Protection Grounding ...............................................................................................46 5.4 Acceptance Items for the eNodeB Antenna System...............................................................................................47

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6.1 BTS3900 LTE Engineering Specification..............................................................................................................49 6.1.1 Engineering specification.................................................................................................................................49 6.1.2 Environmental specification.............................................................................................................................50

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Figures
Architecture of the LTE radio access network...................................12 Appearance of the BTS3900 cabinet................................................13 Internal structure of the BTS3900 LTE (48 V DC).............................14 Internal structure of the BTS3900 LTE (+24 V DC)............................15 Internal structure of the BTS3900 LTE (220 V AC).............................16 Space requirements of the BTS3900 cabinet...................................18 Layout requirements for the BTS3900 cabinet.................................19 Grounding grid of the eNodeB........................................................28 Grounding system of the eNodeB equipment room (with dedicated rectifier)........................................................................................29 Grounding of metal tower and buildings.........................................30 Grounding copper bar of the eNodeB..............................................30 Tower for telecommunication purpose.............................................31 Directional antenna support on a tower..........................................33 Support for the omni-directional antenna on a tower.......................33 Installing the antenna support on the rooftop.................................35 Structure of the pole on the rooftop................................................36 Fixing the directional antenna on the rooftop (1).............................37 Fixing the directional antenna on the rooftop (2)Preparing the OmniDirectional Antenna Support and Pole on a Rooftop.........................38 Installing an omni-directional antenna............................................39

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Installing an omni-directional antenna support...............................39 Dimensions of the 12-hole feeder window (unit: mm).......................40

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Tables
Climatic requirements....................................................................23 Power supply requirements of the BTS3900.....................................24 Requirements for materials of the indoor eNodeB cables..................41 Requirements for bending radius of the cables...............................41 Engineering specification...............................................................49 Environmental specification............................................................50

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About This Document

Thank you for choosing Huawei eNodeB (BTS3900 LTE). You are expected to make all the preparations described in this guide before Huawei technical staffs arrive on site, so that the equipment can be put into operation as soon as possible. This can ensure that you reap social benefits and economic interests at the earliest. Before making the installation preparations, read the following contents carefully: After you complete all the installation preparations, please contact the Huawei local representative office on time, so that Huawei can arrange technical staff to start the installation. If the installation is implemented before the installation preparations are fully completed owing to some reason, you should arrange related staff to finish the uncompleted part as early as possible to ensure the smooth implementation of the project. If the installation started before the preparations are fully completed owing to some reason, and later installation cannot go on because of insufficient preparations, Huawei has the right to stop the installation. After all the preparations are made, both parties can discuss and arrange to restart the installation. The operator is welcome to consult Huawei local or regional representative office for any support about site preparation at any time. Address of the Local Huawei Representative Office: Phone/Fax: Contact Person and Phone Number:

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Introduction to Huawei Installation Process

To strengthen understanding and for better cooperation between two parties, this section provides a brief overview of the Huawei equipment installation process. Huawei equipment installation process starts when the contract is signed and validated and ends when the equipment passes the final acceptance test and enters the maintenance period. The process is as follows:

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Both parties sign the contract and the execution starts.

The customer makes the preplanning and identifies the site Huawei . provides the customer's preparation guide.

The customer makes the prepayment.

The customer starts the installation preparation according to the Operator's Preparation Guide, and completes the project survey and data planning together with the surveyors.

Huawei organizes the goods manufacturing and delivery . Huawei provides consultation service for the customer about the installation preparation and the customer completes , the preparation before project kickoff .

Goods are delivered to the site.

Huawei and the customer determine the kickoff date and designate the persons in charge for each party .

Huawei and the customer unpack and inspect the goods .

Huawei performs hardware installation and software debugging .

The system is put into trial run after the system installation debugging , system preliminary acceptance and cutover .

The installation is complete after the final acceptance .

This process shows that smooth completion of an installation project requires close cooperation between you and Huawei. We sincerely hope for smooth completion of the project.

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Installation Requirements of the BTS3900

3.1 Introduction of BTS3900 LTE

The evolved eNodeB (eNodeB), which is the radio access equipment in the LTE system, performs Radio Resource Management (RRM) functions such as air interface management, access control, mobility control, and UE resource allocation. Multiple eNodeBs constitute an Evolved Radio Access Network (eRAN) system. 1.1shows the Huawei architecture of the LTE radio access network. Figure 1.1 Architecture of the LTE radio access network

eNodeB
X2 X2 S1-MME

MME

eNodeB X2 LTE-Uu UE eNodeB eRAN

S1-U

S-GW/P-GW EPC

EPC: Evolved Packet Core MME: Mobility Management Entity S-GW: Serving Gateway

eRAN: Evolved Radio Access Network P-GW: Packet Data Network Gateway UE: User Equipment

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1.2 shows the appearance of the BTS3900 cabinet. Figure 1.2 Appearance of the BTS3900 cabinet

3.2 BTS3900 LTE cabinet

The indoor macro cabinet BTS3900 LTE houses the BBU3900 and LRFUs. In addition, the BTS3900 LTE provides the functions such as power distribution, heat dissipation, and surge protection. The BTS3900 LTE enables GSM, UMTS, and LTE modules to share one indoor macro cabinet, which saves installation space and facilitates smooth evolution. The BTS3900 LTE supports 48 V DC power input. If configured with suitable power modules, it can also support +24 V DC or 220 V AC power input. 3.2, Error: Reference source not found, and 1.2 show the internal structure of the BTS3900 LTE cabinets with three types of power input.

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Figure 1.1 Internal structure of the BTS3900 LTE (48 V DC)

BTS3900 cabinet L R F U L R F U L R F U

FAN(2U) Air Inlet(1U) BBU3900(2U) DCDU(1U) Free Space(3U)

The direct current distribution unit (DCDU) module supplies power to each component in the cabinet.

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Figure 4.7 Internal structure of the BTS3900 LTE (+24 V DC)

Power Supply Unit (PSU) converts +24V DC to -48V DC.

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Figure 1.2 Internal structure of the BTS3900 LTE (220 V AC)

BTS3900 cabinet L R F U L R F U L R F U

FAN(2U) Air Inlet(1U) BBU3900(2U) DCDU(1U) AC/DC(3U)

3.3 Site Requirements of the BTS3900 LTE

The installation, commissioning, and operation of the BTS3900 are ensured only when the equipment room and installation space meet the site requirements. The site requirements of the BTS3900 involve the site selection, installation space, equipment room construction, and working environment.

3.3.1 Site Selection Requirements of the eNodeB

To ensure the stable running of the eNodeB over a long term, the site for the eNodeB must meet the requirements for telecommunication network planning, communications technology, hydrology, geology, and transportation. The specific requirements for site selection are as follows:

The site should not be exposed to excessive heat, dust, harmful gases, flammable or explosive materials, or unstable voltage. The site should be located at a place where earthquakes or strong noise are unlikely to occur. The site should be located far away from power substations, industrial boilers, and heating boilers.

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The site should be far away from high-power radio transmitters, radar stations, or other interference sources. The interference field intensity should not be higher than the shielding specifications of the eNodeB for useless radiation. The equipment room for the indoor eNodeB should be constructed at least 3.7 km away from the seaside or a salt lake. If this is not possible, the equipment room should be closed and air conditioned. In addition, avoid using salt soil as the building material for the room. Otherwise, the equipment that can be operated in extreme and unfavorable environment must be used. The outdoor eNodeB should be located more than 500 m away from the sea side. The site should be located far from sources of pollution. If this requirement cannot be met, select a site that is in the perennial upwind direction of the pollution source.

The site should be constructed at least 5 km from heavy pollution sources such as a smelting plant or a coal mine. The site should be constructed at least 3.7 km from medium pollution sources such as a chemical plant, a rubber plant, or an electric plating plant. The site should be constructed at least 2 km from light pollution sources such as a food product factory or a leather product factory.

The air inlets of the communication equipment should be far away from the sewer pipe, septic tank, and sewage disposal pool. The air pressure inside the equipment room should be higher than the air pressure outside the equipment room. Otherwise, corrosive gases may enter the equipment room and corrode the components and circuit boards. Livestock rooms or fertilizer warehouses cannot be used as the equipment room for the indoor eNodeB. If this is not possible, it should be located at a place that is in the upwind direction of the livestock room or fertilizer warehouse. It is recommended that the equipment room for the indoor base station be located on the second floor or above. If this requirement cannot be met, the ground for the equipment room should be at least 600 mm higher than the maximum flood level recorded in the area.

3.3.2 Space Requirements of the BTS3900

The space requirements of the BTS3900 cabinet are as follows:

The rear of the cabinet can be against the wall. The sides of the cabinet can be against the wall. It is recommended that the space of at least 800 mm be left in front of the cabinet for maintenance. For a single cabinet, the space of at least 200 mm should be left between the cabinet top and the ceiling to facilitate feeder cabling. For the cabinets installed in stack mode, the space of at least 200 mm should be left between the top of the upper cabinet and the ceiling to facilitate feeder cabling.

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Figure 1.1 Space requirements of the BTS3900 cabinet

The layout requirements of the BTS3900 cabinet are as follows:

The cabinet should be installed at a position nearest to the feeder window to minimize the feeder length. No space is required between the cabinet and other equipment that are in the same row.

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Figure 1.2 Layout requirements for the BTS3900 cabinet

3.3.3 Construction Requirements for the BTS3900 Equipment Room

This section describes the requirements for constructing the equipment room of the BTS3900, such as area, height, bearing capacity, floor, door and window, walls and rooftop, shockproof performance, Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) and Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) performances, lighting, air conditioning, and fire protection devices.

Area Requirements of the Equipment Room

The equipment room should be large enough for equipment installation and future capacity expansion. The feeder window should be installed and feeders should be routed in the room. Sufficient space should be provided for easy installation and maintenance of the equipment. The cabinet door should be opened and closed without obstruction.

Height Requirements of the Equipment Room

The height of the equipment room refers to the net height between the floor and the horizontal beam or the air vent. The height of an equipment room should be between 3 - 3.5 m to facilitate installation of cabling racks and routing of the cables and feeders.

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Weight-bearing Capacity Requirements of the Equipment Room

The equipment is heavy. Thus, the architectural and structural engineers must check the weight-bearing capacity of the room based on the equipment weight, footprint of the equipment, installation position, and structure of the equipment room. The weight-bearing capacity of the equipment room floor should be over 450 kg/m2. If the bearing capacity is insufficient, reinforce the building to ensure a sufficient weightbearing capacity.

Floor Requirements of the Equipment Room

The floor of the equipment room should be semiconductive and dustproof. It is recommended that the movable ESD floorboards should be used in the equipment room.

Floorboards should be laid down firmly and no space should be left between the boards. The horizontal error every square meter should be within 2 mm. If the room does not have movable floorboards, you need to use ESD floor with volume resistance between 1.0 x 107 ohms to 1.0 x 1010 ohms. The ESD floor or movable ESD floorboards should be grounded by using cables and 1megaohm current-limiting resistance. You must test the terrazzo floor (including the concrete floor) and ensure that it meets the requirement. All cable holes in the floor should be capped with cover plates. Positions for the holes should be determined in compliance with the engineering designs and the dimensions should be accurate to ensure easy installation.

Requirements for the Door and Window of the Equipment Room

The minimum dimension of the door should be 2 m (height) x 1 m (width). The door and window should be sealed with dustproof plastic tapes. If the windows are exposed to direct sunlight, reflectors should be applied on the windowpane or colored glass should be used for window panes. If there is sufficient light in the room, the windows may be blocked..

Walls and Rooftop Requirements of the Equipment Room

The roof and walls should be durable, well insulated, and leakproof. Waterproofing measures should be taken if there are antenna poles or cable holes on the rooftop. The rooftop should be strong enough to bear the weight of the equipment. The walls should be painted with lusterless lacquer. Paint that chalks off easily should not be used.

Quakeproofing Requirements of the Equipment Room

Earthquake resistivity of the equipment room should be one degree higher than that stipulated in local regulation. For buildings that do not meet this requirement, appropriate measures should be taken to reinforce the construction so that it can withstand earthquakes of the

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specified intensity.

ESD and EMI Performances Requirements of the Equipment Room

ESD floor or movable ESD floorboards should be used in the equipment room and properly grounded. ESD work clothes and ESD wrist straps should be provided in the equipment room. The density of the electric field cannot exceed 300 mV/m. The density of the magnetic field cannot exceed 11 GS.

Illumination Requirements of the Equipment Room

The equipment room should not be exposed to direct sunlight. Exposure to direct sunlight can lead to the aging and deformation of circuit boards and other components. Anti-explosion lamps, which emit a gentle light, should be used in the battery compartment. For unattended equipment rooms, common illumination provided by the mains supply should be used. For large-capacity or important equipment room, a standby DC power supply should be provided for emergencies.

Air Conditioning Requirements of the Equipment Room

The required capacity of the air conditioning equipment depends on the area of the equipment room and heating values of the equipment. For details about the method of measuring the capacity, see corresponding engineering design specifications. The capacity of air conditioners depends on the heat generated by the eNodeB. They consist of the heat generated by the equipment and the heat generated by the auxiliary power system. Note that heat value of the equipment = input power of the equipment - output power at the antenna connector. The heat generated by the power system depends on the efficiency of converting between the AC power and the DC power. For the eNodeB equipment room with AC power supply, the heat generated by the equipment is calculated in the following two situations: If the eNodeB uses DC power supply, Q = V x A/0.86 - W Note: Q: heat generated by the eNodeB equipment (unit: W) V: DC power voltage (unit: V)

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A: current consumed in heavy traffic hours (unit: A) W: effective transmit power at the antenna connector (unit: W) 0.86: conversion efficiency between AC power and DC power

If the eNodeB uses AC power supply, Q = 0.99 x V x A - W Note: Q: heat generated by the eNodeB equipment (unit: W) V: AC power voltage (unit: V) A: current consumed in heavy traffic hours (unit: A) W: effective transmit power at the antenna connector (unit: W) 0.99: power factor For most eNodeBs, two air conditioners are configured to work alternatively. The air conditioner settings are as follows: Humidity: 30% to 75%, preferably 50% to 60% Temperature: 18C to 28C, preferably 20C to 25C

Fire Protection Requirements of the Equipment Room

Telecommunication buildings are major fire protection units. Therefore, the eNodeB equipment room should be designed in compliance with the local fire protection regulations. Inflammable and explosive materials must be kept away from the equipment room. Fire-fighting equipment should be provided in the equipment room. If there are alarm devices such as a smoke sensor or temperature sensor, they should function normally. Sockets of different voltages in the equipment room should be clearly labeled. The holes left in the floor should be capped with safe cover plates. In addition to the alarm devices, such as the smoke sensor, automatic fire extinguishers can also be provided in the equipment room to control the fire in the initial stage. A certain number of portable fire extinguishers should be provided in the corridor outside the equipment room so that they can be used when the fire starts.

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If a water pool is equipped in compliance with the fire fighting specifications, the water pool for extinguishing fire should hold sufficient water to extinguish the fire both outside and inside the room (assuming that the fire lasts for two hours).The fire hydrant should be placed in the corridors or stairwells for easy accessibility.

Requirements for the Corridor of the Equipment Room

The width of the transporting corridor should be greater than 1.5 m and the height should be greater than 2.5 m. The emergency exit should be free from obstruction. Emergency exit signs should be placed at prominent locations in the equipment room. The height of the elevator should be greater than 2.4 m.

3.3.4 Operating Environment Requirements of the BTS3900

The operating environment of the BTS3900 consists of requirements related to climatic conditions, biological environment, and air purity specifications.

Climatic Requirements
3.3.4 lists the climatic requirements for the operating environment of the BTS3900. Figure 1.1 Climatic requirements Item Altitude Specification 4000 m; normal work within the range of -60 m to +3000 m, in degraded use within the range of 3000 m to 4000 m (the ambient temperature decreases 1C when the height increases by 100 m from 3000 m) 70 kPa to 106 kPa 20C to +55C 5% to 95% IP20

Air pressure Temperature Relative humidity Protection level

Biological Environment Requirements

The operating environment of the BTS3900 must meet the following biological requirements: No fungus or mildew should grow in the operating environment.

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Air Purity Requirements

The air purity requirements related to the running environment are as follows: There should not be any explosive, conductive, magnetic conductive or corrosive dust in the air.

3.4 Power Supply Requirements of the BTS3900

Both AC power and DC power can be used in the BTS3900 power supply system. The parameters of the supplied power must meet the corresponding specifications to ensure proper operation of the power system. 3.4 lists the power supply requirements of the BTS3900. Figure 1.1 Power supply requirements of the BTS3900 Power -48 V DC +24 V DC 200/346 V AC to 240/415 V AC, 50 Hz/60 Hz 200 V AC to 240 V AC, 50 Hz/60 Hz Permitted Range -38.4 V DC to -57 V DC +21.6 V DC to +29 V DC 176/304 V AC to 290/500 V AC, 45 Hz/65 Hz 176 V AC to 290 V AC, 45 Hz to 65 Hz Remarks Three-phase AC input Single-phase AC input

When DC power is led into the BTS3900 equipment room, the power supply system must meet the following requirements:

When planning the capacity of the DC power supply system, you should consider the maximum load of the system in dynamic and static modes and reserve a certain capacity. The power equipment is placed nearest possible to the communication equipment to minimize the DC feeder consumption.

When AC power is led into the BTS3900 equipment room, the power supply system must meet the following requirements:

When planning the capacity of the AC power supply system, you must consider the working current and fault current of the equipment. Each of equipment has an independent AC distribution protection device. The current threshold of the distribution protection switch for the equipment is greater than that for the lower-level equipment

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3.5 Grounding Requirements of the BTS3900

The BTS3900 equipment installation must meet the grounding requirements to ensure stable running of the eNodeB. For a single BTS3900 cabinet,

The PGND cable of the cabinet should be connected to the nearby external grounding bar. The green and yellow PGND cable should be copper-based and plastic-insulated with a cross-sectional area of at least 25 mm2. When two BTS3900 cabinets installed in stacked mode, the following requirements must be met:

The cabinets should be interconnected through a copper-based cable to ensure equal electric potential. Note that the cable must be copper-based and insulated with green and yellow plastic jackets and the cross-sectional area is at least 16 mm2. The PGND cable of the lower cabinet should be connected to the grounding bar in the equipment room. The PGND cable should be copper-based and insulated with green and yellow plastic jackets. The cross-sectional area of the PGND cable is at least 25 mm2.
Fuses or switches are not allowed on the PGND cable. The grounding terminals should be anti-corrosive and antirust. Connection of the PGND cable is secure. The grounding bar should be located nearest possible to the eNodeB equipment. The maximum distance permitted is 30 m if the distance between the grounding bar and the eNodeB equipment is

greater than 30 m, reinstall the grounding bar nearby.

3.6 Transmission Requirements for the eNodeB Site

Before the site construction, the transmission devices and auxiliary devices should be prepared based on the practical application. Transmission requirements of the eNodeB site involve the ODF, and transmission mode. Requirements for ODF If the optical cables on the eNodeB side are connected to the transmission device through ODF, the requirements for ODF are listed as follows:

The delivered transmission cables and connectors match the connectors on the ODF on the transmission device side. Before the eNodeB is installed, ODF must be installed and the optical cable must be connected to ODF. It is recommended that the copper wires be used to connect ODF and the grounding bar of the equipment room.

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Requirements for the Transmission Mode

To optimize the performance of LTE system, transmission should meet the requirement of network design. Additional transmission equipment is required, if the distance between BTS3900 and transmission equipment exceeds the maximum transmit distance of transmission cable. Transmission resources should meet the upcoming requirements of the eNodeB site and extra resources should be reserved for capacity expansion. If the eNodeB is at the far end of MAN or backbone network, and is within the Line of Sight (LOS) of microwave transmission, the microwave transmission can be used. The indoor units of the microwave transmission devices should be installed in the space for the transmission devices in the cabinet. If the eNodeB is at the far end of MAN or backbone network, and is out of the Line of Sight (LOS) of microwave transmission, the xDSL transmission can be selected. The xDSL devices should be installed in the space for the transmission devices in the cabinet.

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Construction Preparations of the BTS3900

4.1 Auxiliary Facilities Preparations for the BTS3900 Site

4.1.1 Preparing Cable Racks
Cable racks are classified into indoor cable racks and outdoor cable racks. The cable racks should be installed before the installation of the eNodeB. The recommended specifications of the indoor cable rack are as follows: width: 400 mm; height: 2.4 m. The cable rack should be installed according to the engineering design. Generally, the indoor cable rack is installed against a suspending lever. If the indoor cable rack is installed against a wall, a tripod or ground support can be used. The outdoor cable rack consists of the horizontal cable rack and the vertical cable rack. The outdoor cable rack should be installed according to the engineering design. The indoor cable rack is connected to the indoor grounding bar through cables. The outdoor cable rack is welded to the lightning rod of the building through the reinforcing steel bar, thus connecting to the antenna support. If required, wires should be added to improve electric connectivity between the cable racks.

4.1.2 Preparing the Grounding System

The grounding system of the eNodeB consists of the indoor grounding system and the outdoor grounding system. 1.1 shows the grounding grid of the eNodeB (the outdoor grounding system). 2011-09-14 HUAWEI Confidential Page 27, Total 50

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Figure 1.1 Grounding grid of the eNodeB

The grounding grids of the power transformer, tower, and equipment room constitute an integrated grounding grid. (The grounding grid should be connected to the building and reinforced concrete bars of the tower. Generally, the grounding grid should be connected to at least two reinforced concrete bars.)

The outdoor grounding ring can be laid out in L-shaped or C-shaped according to the field situation of the equipment room. If the soil conductibility is poor or there is little soil in the rocky area, it is recommended that the grounding extension style and concrete bridge be used. The cable embedded concrete bridge radiates outwardly through the grounding ring and the four corners of the tower grounding ring. The concrete bridge has strong hygroscopy. The recommended length of the concrete bridge is 10 m to 30 m. It is recommended that the grounding stake be coated with hot galvanized steel. The specifications are as follows: Steel pipe ( 50 mm, wall depth greater than 3.5 mm) Angle steel (at least 50 mm X 50 mm X 5 mm) Flat steel (at least 40 mm X 4 mm) The proper length of the grounding stake is from 1.5 m to 2.5 m, and the interval is 1.5 to 2 times the length of the grounding stake. The space between the top of the grounding stake and the ground is at least 0.7 m. For cold districts, bury the grounding stake under the frozen soil. The depth of the grounding ring must be 0.7 m under the concrete base. You should determine whether to add resistivity reduction mixture based on the equipment room location and soil conditions.

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Figure 1.2 Grounding system of the eNodeB equipment room (with dedicated rectifier)

The equipment room is configured with a primary grounding bar that is connected to the grounding grid of all the equipment and the DC power inside the equipment room. It is recommends that you use the galvanized flat steel of 40 mm x 4 mm or 50 mm x 5 mm as the grounding cable. The part of the grounding cable outside the earth should be protected against mechanical damage. As shown in 1.3, the outdoor grounding system consists of the tower grounding, feeder grounding, grounding grid, rooftop surge protection grounding bar, cable rack grounding, and outdoor grounding copper bus bar.

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Figure 1.3 Grounding of metal tower and buildings

Ground the feeder pipe when it is on the tower, and before it is connected to the cable rack and routed through the feeder window. If the tower is higher than 60 m, ground the feeder pipe in the middle of the tower. The outdoor grounding copper bar should be installed under the outdoor feeder window and be connected to the outdoor grounding ring. The feeders and indoor surge protector should be connected to the outdoor grounding copper bar.

1.4 shows the grounding copper bar. Figure 1.4 Grounding copper bar of the eNodeB

1 M8 bolt

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4.2 Preparing Auxiliary Facilities for the BTS3900 Antenna System

4.2.1 Requirements for the Tower
A tower for telecommunication purpose is required when the eNodeB in a network covers a wide area and the antennas are installed at a height. Figure shows the tower for communication purpose. Figure 1.1 Tower for telecommunication purpose

The requirements for the tower are as follows:

The height of the tower depends on the field requirements of the eNodeB. Typically, the tower has an operating platform of one to three layers with a round or hexagon structure. The minimum diameter of the circle is 4 m and the spacing between two platforms is 6 m. One-meter-high guard rails are required on the platforms. The minimum weight-bearing capacity of the platforms is 150 kg/m2. The tower must be able to carry 27 directional antennas and 27 7/8-inch feeders. Each antenna should weigh 30 kg with the front face area of 0.5 mm2. Each feeder should be 0.49 kg/m with the diameter 28 mm. A ladder for maintenance should be installed on the tower. The reinforcing angle steel should be installed every 1 m on both sides of the ladder, and the angle steel should extend 0.5 m out of the ladder on either side. A lightning rod should be installed 8 m above the upper platform to ensure that all the feeders on the tower are within the coverage of the lightning rod.

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Even in the face of the strongest wind that blow once every 30 years, the maximum axial wobble and torsion of the tower body must be within 1. The tower should be designed to resist one degree of seismic intensity over the limit stipulated in local regulations. When earthquake occurs, the tower can withstand the earthquake and devoid of any distortion that affects the quality of communication. A cable rack that can bear the weight of a person should be installed on the tower. Surge protection and lightning induction devices should be installed on the tower. Solar energy lamps should be used for the tower. Power cables with metal jackets should be used for the aeronautical lights that use AC power. Ensure that the metal jackets are grounded at the top of the tower and at positions where the cables are led into the equipment room. Surge protection devices should be installed on the control cables of the tower lamps and on the phase lines of the power cables at the positions where the cables are led into the equipment room. The neutral lines are directly grounded.
The wind speed and earthquake intensity level comply with the local stipulations.

4.2.2 Preparing the Antenna Support on the Tower

There are many types of antenna support. You need to select a suitable type according to the antenna type and installation scenario. 1. 2. 3. When installing the antenna support on the tower, adhere to the following principles: The installation plane of the antenna support should be perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The pole for the lightning rod should be installed separately on the tower. The lightning rod should be placed high enough to bring the protection areas of all the antennas below 45. The antenna support should be installed in the direction that does not affect the transmit/receive performance and direction adjustment of the antenna. A stiffener is used to fasten the rotating lever. The expansion lever and the rotating lever should be cut to an appropriate length. The cross-section should be welded with a waterproof cover. The antenna support must not have any dry and open welds. It is recommended that the support be made of galvanized steel. The surface of the support should be coated with antirust paint.

4. 5.

6.

For the directional antenna, the length of the pole depends on that of the antenna. In wide coverage application, high gain antennas are generally used. Such antennas are long, so it is recommended that the length of the pole be greater than 3 m and that the diameter range from 60 mm to 114 mm (generally 75 mm).For the uni-polarization antenna, the distance between the two diversities of the two antennas serving one sector should be at least 2 m. 6.1 shows the recommended directional antenna support on a tower.

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Figure 6.1 Directional antenna support on a tower

7.

Generally, an omni-directional antenna is a uni-polarization antenna. The distance between diversities should be at least 2 m. The length of the support lever of pole should be greater than 1.5 m. The pole must be made of 75 mm round steel and it should have minimum length of 1 m and a diameter of 60114 mm. During installation, the pole should be flush with the fixing hoop of the antenna. The pole should not be installed at a very high position because the omni-directional antenna is long. The top of the antenna should be within the protection angle of the lightning rod.

7.1 shows the recommended support for the omni-directional antenna on a tower. Figure 7.1 Support for the omni-directional antenna on a tower

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4.2.3 Preparing the Antenna Support on the Rooftop

There are many types of antenna support. You need to select a suitable type according to the antenna type and installation scenario. When installing the antenna support on the rooftop, adhere to the following principles: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. The strength of the materials for the antenna support and pole should meet the requirements of antenna load capacity and wind load. The connecting pieces for the stiffener should be installed in the positions where the regulation of the antenna orientation and tilt is not affected. The antenna support should be perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The base of the antenna support, the anchor of the stiffener, and their expansion bolts should be covered with concrete. When a directional antenna is installed on the rooftop, a lightning rod should be installed on the antenna support, and the antenna support should be connected to the grounding grid of the building. When an omni-directional antenna is installed on the rooftop, a lightning rod should be installed onto a separate support. If a lightning rod is installed onto the support of the omni-directional antenna, the omnidirectional antenna should be extended from the support for 1 to 1.5 m. If there are enclosing walls on the rooftop, the antenna support can be installed on an enclosing wall. Ensure that the main supporting post is vertical to the surface of the rooftop. In addition, ensure that the antenna support is equipped with a surge protector and connected to the grounding grid of the building.

6. 7.

Preparing the Directional Antenna Support and Pole on a Rooftop (1) For the uni-polarization directional antenna, because of the requirements for diversity spacing, the distance between the two poles supporting the two antennas should be at least 2 m. (2) The length of the pole depends on that of the antenna. It is recommended that the length of the pole be greater than 2.5 mm and that the diameter range from 60 mm to 114 mm. The main supporting post of antenna support should be longer than the antenna. The relation between h and d should meet the specifications illustrated in 7.1 and listed in Table, where h indicates the valid vertical distance between the lower edge of the antenna and the rooftop in the direction that the antenna faces, and d indicates the distance between the edge of the rooftop in the direction that the antenna faces and the antenna support.

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Figure 7.1 Installing the antenna support on the rooftop

Height 0.5 m 1m 2m

Diameter 0 m to 2 m 2 m to 10 m More than 10 m

The Height and Diameter in the table above is shown in 7.1.

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Figure 7.2 Structure of the pole on the rooftop

(1) Lightning rod for the antenna (5) Use concrete to cover and fix.

(2) Main support (6) Solder the stiffener to the main supporting post.

(3) Stiffener (8) Fix the stiffener to the ground.

(4) Base of the antenna support (8) Ladder

7.3 and 7.4 show how to fix the directional antenna on the rooftop.

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Figure 7.3 Fixing the directional antenna on the rooftop (1)

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Figure 7.4 Fixing the directional antenna on the rooftop (2)Preparing the Omni-Directional Antenna Support and Pole on a Rooftop

(1) Generally, an omni-directional antenna is a uni-polarization antenna. To meet the requirements of diversity spacing, ensure that the distance between two antenna poles is greater than 2 m. (2) After installation, the top of the pole should be flush with the fixing hoop in the lower part of the antenna. Therefore, the omni-directional antenna pole does not need to be long. The length of the pole only needs to meet the specifications. (3) Generally, the omni-directional antenna pole should have a diameter of 60 mm to110 mm and should be made of 75 mm round steel. (4) The omni-directional antenna is long and therefore the antenna top is much higher than the pole top. In this case, the surge protector should not be welded directly to the pole but should be installed separately in the middle of the two antenna poles. Ensure that the top of omnidirectional antenna is within the protection angle of the surge protector, as shown in 7.5.In some cases, the surge protector may not be prepared independently due to limited conditions. Instead, you can use the following method shown in 7.5. 7.6 shows the installation of omni-directional antenna.

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Figure 7.5 Installing an omni-directional antenna

Figure 7.6 Installing an omni-directional antenna support

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4.2.4 Preparing the Feeder Window

Feeders are led into the equipment room through the feeder window. There are two types of feeder window: 12-hole feeder window and 27-hole feeder window. The 12-hole feeder window is commonly used, as shown in 1.1. The feeder hole should be 100 mm higher than the indoor cable rack. Figure 1.1 Dimensions of the 12-hole feeder window (unit: mm)

When installing the feeder window, adhere to the following principles: 1. 2. 3. The feeder window should be installed at a position nearest to the cable rack. The feeder window should be installed on the wall either indoors or outdoors, but the side with steel hoops must face outdoors. If feeders are led into the room from the rooftop, the feeder window is installed on the roof and the side with steel hoops must face outdoors.

4.3 Cable Requirements of the eNodeB

4.3.1 Requirements for Materials of the Indoor eNodeB Cables
Generally, the power cables, PGND cables, and transmission cables are delivered with the equipment. If you prepare these cables yourself, the cables should comply with related requirements.

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Figure 1.1 Requirements for materials of the indoor eNodeB cables Cable Power cable Specification The power cables without jackets should be insulated with PVC materials. If the power cables are required to be weatherproof or high/lowtemperature resistant, materials such as silicone rubber, FEP, or PFA can be used for insulation. The power cables with PVC jackets should be insulated through PVC or XLPE materials. If there are fire-resistant requirements such as halogenfree and low smoke, use power cables with LSZH jackets. The high/low-temperature resistant power cables should be generally coated with FEP jackets. Symmetric cable The symmetric cables should be insulated through PE, PP, or PVC materials and coated with PVC or PE jackets. If there are fire-resistant requirements such as halogen-free and low smoke, use power cables with LSZH jackets. The coaxial cables should be insulated through PE, PTFE, or FEP materials and coated with PVC or FEP jackets. The PGND cables should be copper-based and insulated with green and yellow plastic jackets.

Coaxial cable PGND cable

When selecting the indoor cables, you should consider the fire-resistant requirements. Weather proofing requirements for the indoor cables are not high. Therefore, use cables coated with PVC jackets as indoor cables. If fire-resistant requirements for the cables are high, use cables that are insulated with fire-resistant materials such as PE or PVC and coated with fire-resistant PVC jackets. If there are strict requirements for smoke density, and transmittance of the halogen gas released after the cables caught fire, use cables coated with comparatively expensive LSZH jackets. Insulating materials and protection jackets of the cables must comply with the Restriction of Hazardous Substance (RoHS) requirements. The cable materials can either be customized or comply with local regulations.

4.3.2 General Cabling Specifications for the eNodeB

The power cables and signal cables should be routed in compliance with the cabling specifications to avoid electromagnetic interference to the signals. Figure 1.2 Requirements for bending radius of the cables Cable Feeder 1/2" feeder 7/8" feeder Requirements for the Bending Radius 127 mm 250 mm

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Cable 5/4" feeder 13/8" feeder Jumper 1/4" jumper 1/2" jumper Single-jacket cable 2.5 mm D 4.5 mm D 4.5 mm Two-wire or multi-wire cables with/without shielding layers Optical cable 6.5 mm D 12.5 mm D 12.5 mm

Requirements for the Bending Radius 380 mm 510 mm 35 mm 50 mm R2D R3D R2D R3D R 20 D

In 4.3.2, D refers to the diameter of the cable jacket and R refers to the bending radius of the cable.

Requirements for Binding Cables

Cables of different types should be routed separately and cannot be kinked. The cables should be bound tightly and neatly without damage to cable jackets. The cable ties should be at an interval of 200 mm and face the same direction. The cable ties at the same position should be placed at the same level. The cut surface of the cable ties should be smooth without sharp projections. Labels or nameplates should be attached to the installed cables.

General Cabling Requirements

Cables of different types should be routed separately. Cables of different types cannot be crossed. The spacing between cables of different types should be greater than 30 mm when the cables are routed parallel in the cabinet. The spacing between cables of different types should be greater than 100 mm when the cables are routed parallel outside the cabinet. If such requirements cannot be met, the cables should be separated with specific objects.

Cabling Requirements for Power Cables and PGND Cables

The power cables and PGND cables should be routed in compliance with the engineering design and general cabling specifications. If the cable is not long enough, replace the cable. Do not add connectors or solder joints to lengthen the cable. The cables should be insulated if they are bound and routed on the metal cable rack.

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Fuses or switches cannot be installed on the cables. The -48 V power cable and the GND cable should be bound together. Both ends of the grounding cables should be anti-corrosive and anti-rust. Connections of the grounding cables should be secure. The low-voltage AC power cable for the base station should be led through a metallic conduit and buried in the ground for at least 50 m before it is led into the equipment room. If the AC power cable is shorter than 50 meters, it should be completely routed under the ground. If such cables are routed overhead and led into the room, surge protection for the connectors of the AC power cables is seriously affected. The PGND cable should be buried completely in the ground or routed indoors. The PGND cable cannot be routed overhead outdoors before it is led into the equipment room.

Cabling Requirements for Optical Cables

The optical cables should be routed in compliance with the engineering design and general cabling specifications. Proper cable surpluses should be left at the turning of the optical cables. Do not stretch, step over, or place heavy objects on the optical cables. Keep the cables away from sharp objects to avoid damage. The optical cable that is curved or pressed or the optical connector which is damaged cannot be used. Extra optical cables should be coiled on the specified device such as the fiber coiler. Coil extra optical cables properly. Do not bend the cables forcibly to avoid damaging the cables. The bare optical cables must be configured with protection tubes if required. The idle connectors of the optical cables should be covered with dustproof caps. If one end of the optical cable is connected to an optical device, do not look directly at the end face of the optical connector. Otherwise, you may damage your eyes. Fill soft materials such as fireproof cottons in the optical cable inlets at the top of the cabinet to protect the optical cables. You need to check whether the optical connectors are clean before installation. If the optical connectors are dirty, clean them by using a dustfree cloth or fiber cleaner.

4.4 Preparation of Personnel for the Installation

The equipment installation process is also a process of on site training. It is recommended that the maintenance personnel participate in the training. In this way, the maintenance personnel can get familiar with the equipment as soon as possible.

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5
Acceptance Item Height of the equipment room Load bearing capacity Wall surface

Appendix 1 Checklist for the Installation Preparations

5.1 Acceptance Items for the Environment of the Equipment Room

Methods and Requirements Minimal distance between the girder and the floor Load bearing capacity of the floor Lusterless paint or wallpaper is applied on the walls. The floor should be made from semiconductor and be dustproof. Long-term Long-term Specification 3 m to 3.5 m Result Remarks

Greater than 450kg/m2 The mat vanish does not chalk off easily. ESD floor

Floor

Temperature Humidity

-20C to +50C 5% RH to 85% RH

Electromagnetic interference proof Antistatic Measures

Electric field Magnetic field ESD floor ESD ground

Within 300 mV/m Less than 11 Gs

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Acceptance Item Dust proof

Methods and Requirements

Specification

Result

Remarks

The diameter of the dust granule should be greater than 5 m. The density of the dust granule should be less than 3 x 104 granule/m.3

Quake proof

Design the degree of seismic intensity for the equipment room according to the local capital construction. Avoid direct radiation of sunlight. Type and power

Raise one degree

Lighting

Average intensity of illumination: 150 LX to 200 LX The air conditioning output should meet the requirements for the temperature control of the equipment room. Meet the local fire prevention standard

Air conditioner

Fire fighting

Fire fighting equipment and label Label the sockets of different voltages.

5.2 Acceptance Items for Power Supply

Item DC power supply Test Result -48 V DC power supply Specification The operating voltage meets the range of 38.4 V DC to 57 V DC. The operating voltage meets the range of +21.6 V DC to +29 V DC. 176 V AC to 290 V AC. 176 /304 V AC to 290/500 V AC. Good Result Remarks

+24 V DC power supply

AC power supply

Single-phase AC power Three-phase AC power

Standby diesel

Recommended

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Item Power cables

Test Result Route the 48 V power cables into the PDF or the junction box. Alarms related to power cut and power supply faults can be reported.

Specification Good

Result

Remarks

Power alarms

Good

5.3 Acceptance Items for Surge Protection Grounding

Test Item Main grounding bar and sub-grounding bars Methods and Requirements The distance between the copper bar and the copper cable should be short and the PGND cable should be thick. The PGND cables of all devices are connected to the same grounding busbar. Cross-sectional area of the PGND cable For a single BTS3900 cabinet, When two BTS3900 cabinets installed in stacked mode, Specification The installation is complete and the contact is proper. Result Remarks

The installation is complete and the contact is proper. Not less than 25 mm2 The cross-sectional area of the PGND cables between the lower cabinet and the grounding bar is at least 25 mm2. The cross-sectional area of the equipotential cable that connects the two cabinets is at least 16 mm2.

Grounding resistance PGND cable

Combined grounding Route the grounding cable into the DC PDF or the junction box.

ENodeB grounding: less than 10 ohm. Good

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Test Item Feeder grounding

Methods and Requirements Grounding clips are installed at an interval of 20 m on the feeder. The feeder is respectively grounded 0.5 m to 1 m away from the tower and the outdoor cable rack.

Specification The installation is complete and the contact is proper.

Result

Remarks

5.4 Acceptance Items for the eNodeB Antenna System

Serial Number. 1 Item Tower Specific Requirements The tower is ready for use. They should meet the requirements for azimuth of the antenna. They should meet the requirements for the length of the antenna. They should meet the requirements for the load capacity and wind load. The outdoor cable ladder is ready for use. 3 Outdoor cable ladder The cable ladder on the tower should be suitable for routing cables. The cable rack (bridge) should meet the requirements. The pole is installed. The position of the pole should meet the requirements. The pole should meet the requirements for the length of the antenna. The pole should meet the requirements for the load capacity and wind load. The concrete base for the GPS antenna is ready for use. Result Remarks

Antenna support and pole

Pole

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Serial Number.

Item

Specific Requirements The outdoor cable rack is ready for use.

Result

Remarks

Outdoor cable rack

Material of the cable rack should meet the requirements. The cable rack should be properly grounded.

Fill in the grey part in the table above when the antenna is installed on the tower platform.

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Appendix 2 Engineering

Specifications of the BTS3900

6.1 BTS3900 LTE Engineering Specification

6.1.1 Engineering specification
Engineering specifications consist of the specifications of size, weight, power requirement and power consumption. Table 1.1 Engineering specification Item Size(H x W x D) Weight Specification 900mmx600mmx450mm 124Kg (Configuration : 3 RFU) 160Kg (Configuration : 6 RFU) Power supply 48V DC( 38.4V DC to 57V DC) 24V DC(+21.6V DC to 29V DC) +220V AC( +176 to +280V, 50/60Hz) +110V AC(+90 to +135V, 50/60Hz) Power BBU LRFU MRFU

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Item consumpti on

Specification 150W(1LBBP + 1LMPT) 225W(2LBBP + 1LMPT) 300W(3LBBP + 1LMPT) 2600MHz: 350W (2x40W, 100% load) AWS: 320W (2x40W, 100% load) 1800MHz: 305W (1x60W, 100% load) 900MHz: 290W 100% load) (1x60W,

6.1.2 Environmental specification

Environmental specifications consist of the specifications of temperature, relative humidity, protected standard and air pressure. Table 1.2 Environmental specification Item temperature Relative humidity Protected standard Air pressure specification 20C to +55C 5% RH95% RH IP20 70 ~ 106 Kpa

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