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The purely read-only SELECT query statement is classed with the 'SQL-data' statements[2] and so is considered by the standard to be outside of DML. The SELECT ... INTO form is considered to be DML because it manipulates (i.e. modifies) data. In common practice though, this distinction is not made and SELECT is widely considered to be part of DML.[3] Most SQL database implementations extend their SQL capabilities by providing imperative, i.e., procedural, languages. Examples of these are Oracle's PL/SQL and DB2's SQL PL. Data manipulation languages tend to have many different flavors and capabilities between database vendors. There have been a number of standards established for SQL by ANSI,[1] but vendors still provide their own extensions to the standard while not implementing the entire standard. There are two types of data manipulation languages: Procedural Declarative Each SQL DML statement is a declarative command. The individual SQL statements are declarative, as opposed to imperative, in that they describe what the program should accomplish, rather than describing how to go about accomplishing it. Data manipulation languages were initially only used by computer programs, but (with the advent of SQL) have come to be used by people as well.
References
"The SQL92 standard" [4].
[1] SQL92 [2] SQL92 4.22.2, SQL-statements classified by function [3] "Data Manipulation Language Statements" (http:/ / download. oracle. com/ docs/ cd/ B19306_01/ server. 102/ b14220/ sqlplsql. htm#i18503). Oracle. . "Data manipulation language (DML) statements query or manipulate data in existing schema objects." [4] http:/ / www. contrib. andrew. cmu. edu/ ~shadow/ sql/ sql1992. txt
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