The Nine Types of Intelligence By Howard Gardner 1.

Naturalist Intelligence (Nature Smart) Designates the human ability to discriminate among living things (plants, animals) as well as sensitivity to other features of the natural world (clouds, rock configurations). This ability was clearly of value in our evolutionary past as hunters, gatherers, and farmers; it continues to be central in such roles as botanist or chef. It is also speculated that much of our consumer society exploits the naturalist intelligences, which can be mobilized in the discrimination among cars, sneakers, kinds of makeup, and the like. ***Naturalist Intelligence. 1- He is god at recognizing different types of birds and plants. 2- He likes to garden. 3- He enjoys having pets. 4- He can easily tell you the make of most cars. 5- He likes to spend time outdoors. 6- He enjoys learning about rocks. 7- He has plants in his home and office. 8- He can tell you the different types of clouds.

2. Musical Intelligence (Musical Smart) Musical intelligence is the capacity to discern pitch, rhythm, timbre, and tone. This intelligence enables us to recognize, create, reproduce, and reflect on music, as demonstrated by composers, conductors, musicians, vocalist, and sensitive listeners. Interestingly, there is often an affective connection between music and the emotions; and mathematical and musical intelligences may share common thinking processes. Young adults with this kind of intelligence are usually singing or drumming to themselves. They are usually quite aware of sounds others may miss. ***Musical Intelligence. 1- He has no trouble identifying or following a beat. 2- He can easily memories a piece of music he hears. 3- He can tell if someone is singing off-key. 4- He has a very expressive voice that varies in intensity and pitch. 5- He plays at least one musical instrument. 6- He often hums or whistles a tune when he is alone. 7- He listens to music frequently in the car or at work which makes him feel better. 8- He knows the tunes to many songs.

3. Logical-Mathematical Intelligence (Number/Reasoning Smart) Logical-mathematical intelligence is the ability to calculate, quantify, consider propositions and hypotheses, and carry out complete mathematical operations. It enables us to perceive relationships and connections and to use abstract, symbolic thought; sequential reasoning skills; and inductive and deductive thinking patterns. Logical intelligence is usually well developed in mathematicians, scientists, and detectives. Young

adults with lots of logical intelligence are interested in patterns, categories, and relationships. They are drawn to arithmetic problems, strategy games and experiments. ***Logical-mathematical Intelligence. 1- He feels more comfortable believing an answer is correct if it can be calculated. 2- He can calculate numbers easily in his head. 3- He likes playing card games. 4- He enjoys math classes in school. 5- He believes that most things are logical and rational. 6- He likes brain-teaser games. 7- He is interested in new developments in science. 8- He measures things exactly when he cooks.

4. Existential Intelligence Sensitivity and capacity to tackle deep questions about human existence, such as the meaning of life, why do we die, and how did we get here. Existential Intelligence is the ability to understand religious and spiritual ideals. They have a strong understanding of things that are not visual to the eye but through faith and belief. Existential intelligence was not one of the original intelligences but, like naturalistic intelligence, it grew from peers questioning Howard Gardner concerning those with this type of intelligence. Those with existential intelligence see their role in the big picture more easily than others and this is very important to them. They question the meaning of life and seek the answers; most of the time this is done through some form of religion. They see art work as it was meant to be seen with the meanings clearer than those testing low in existential intelligence. Those with existential intelligence find meditation and relaxation easy and rewarding. Those with existential intelligence might also have higher level of naturalistic intelligence as they see the beauty in nature and seek out inspiring places. Those with this intelligence enjoy reading philosophical writings and find that learning is done more easily by using real world experiences. They seem to feel more comfortable with their own being if they feel connected to people, ideas, and beliefs. Those with existential intelligence can be found in colleges such as Johnson Bible College in Knoxville TN. They also sometimes wonder if there could be other forms of intelligent life in the universe.

5. Interpersonal Intelligence (People Smart) Interpersonal intelligence is the ability to understand and interact effectively with others. It involves effective verbal and nonverbal communication, the ability to note distinctions among others, sensitivity to

the moods and temperaments of others, and the ability to entertain multiple perspectives. Teachers, social workers, actors, and politicians all exhibit interpersonal intelligence. Young adults with this kind of intelligence are leaders among their peers, are good at communicating, and seem to understand others feelings and motives. ***Interpersonal Intelligence. 1- He prefers going to a party rather than staying home alone. 2- He is involved in social activities several nights a week. 3- He likes to entertain his friends and have parties. 4- He considers himself a leader and often assumes leadership roles. 5- He loves to teach and show someone how to do something. 6- He has more than one close friend. 7- He is comfortable in a crowd or at a party with many people he doesnt know. 8- He discusses his problems with his friends.

6. Bodily-Kinesthetic Intelligence (Body Smart) Bodily kinesthetic intelligence is the capacity to manipulate objects and use a variety of physical skills. This intelligence also involves a sense of timing and the perfection of skills through mindbody union. Athletes, dancers, surgeons, and craftspeople exhibit well-developed bodily kinesthetic intelligence. ***Bodily-Kinesthetic Intelligence. 1- He likes to go for long walks. 2- He likes to dance. 3- He engages in at least one sport. 4- He likes doing things with his hands such as carve, sew, weave, build or knit. 5- He finds it helpful to practice a new skill rather than read about it. 6- He often gets his best ideas when he is jogging, walking or vacuuming. 7- He loves doing things in the outdoors. 8- He often finds it difficult to sit for long periods of time.

7. Linguistic Intelligence (Word Smart) Linguistic intelligence is the ability to think in words and to use language to express and appreciate complex meanings. Linguistic intelligence allows us to understand the order and meaning of words and to apply meta-linguistic skills to reflect on our use of language. Linguistic intelligence is the most widely shared human competence and is evident in poets, novelists, journalists, and effective public speakers. Young adults with this kind of intelligence enjoy writing, reading, telling stories or doing crossword puzzles. ***Verbal-Linguistic Intelligence. 1- He writes and publishes articles. 2- He reads something everyday that is not related to his work. 3- He pays attention to billboard and advertisement. 4- He often listens to the radio and cassette tapes of lectures and books. 5- He enjoys doing crossword puzzles. 6- He usually uses blackboards, the overhead projector and posters. 7- He considers himself a good letter writer.

8- If he hears a song a few times, he can usually remember the words.

8. Intra-personal Intelligence (Self Smart) Intra-personal intelligence is the capacity to understand oneself and ones thoughts and feelings, and to use such knowledge in planning and directioning ones life. Intra-personal intelligence involves not only an appreciation of the self, but also of the human condition. It is evident in psychologist, spiritual leaders, and philosophers. These young adults may be shy. They are very aware of their own feelings and are selfmotivated.

*** Intrapersonal Intelligence. 1- He regularly spends time meditating. 2- He considers himself independent. 3- He keeps journals and records his thoughts. 4- He has hobbies or interests that he enjoys doing on his own. 5- He articulates concepts that governs his life. 6- He would rather create his own ways of entertainment. 7- When he gets hurt or disappointed, he bounces back quickly. 8- He knows his strengths and weakness.

9. Spatial Intelligence (Picture Smart) Spatial intelligence is the ability to think in three dimensions. Core capacities include mental imagery, spatial reasoning, image manipulation, graphic and artistic skills, and an active imagination. Sailors, pilots, sculptors, painters, and architects all exhibit spatial intelligence. Young adults with this kind of intelligence may be fascinated with mazes or jigsaw puzzles, or spend free time drawing or daydreaming. ***Visual-spatial Intelligence 1- He pays attention to the colors he wears. 2- He takes a lot of photographs. 3- He likes to draw. 4- He especially likes to read articles and books with many pictures. 5- He is partial to textbooks with illustrations, graph and charts. 6- He enjoys doing puzzles and mazes. 7- He is good at geometry in school. 8- He notices the position of people in gathering areas.