Anne Mariel Eusebio 2-EMT Physiology-Anatomy

12 Cranial Nerves
Sensory: 1,2,,8 Motor: 3,4,6,11,12 Mixed: 5,7,9,10 # 1 2 3 NAME Olfactory nerve Optic nerve Oculomotor nerve Type Sensory Sensory Motor Function Smell Vision somatic: Movement of upper eyelid & eyeball autonomic (parasympathetic): accommodation of lens for near vision and constriction of pupil Clinical Connection Anospia: loss of smell Anopia: blindness/ loss of vision Nerve damage= strabismus (eyes dont fix on same object), ptosis (drooping) of upper eyelid, dilation of the pupil, movement of eyeball downward & outward on damaged side, loss of accommodation for near vision & diplopia (double vision) Paralysis of nerve= diplopia & strabismus (crossed eyes) occur Neuralgia (pain) of one or more branches= trigeminal neuralgia Injury of mandibular nerve: paralysis of chewing muscles; loss of sensations touch, temp & proprioception Damage= affected eyeball cannot move laterally beyond the midpoint & eye is directed medially Damage due to viral infection (shingles)/bacterial infection (Lyme disease)= Bells palsy (paralysis of facial muscles); loss of taste; decrease salivation; loss of ability to close eyes Injury vestibular branch: vertigo- a subjective feeling that your own body or environment is rotating; ataxia (muscular incoordination)& nystagmus (involuntary movement of the eyeball) Injury: cochlear: tinnitus (ringing in the

4 5

Trochlear nerve TRIgeminal nerve

Motor

Somatic: Movement of eyeball

Mixed: Sensory: conveys impulses for touch, pain & temperature sensations & Ophthalmic, proprioception maxillary, Somatic: chewing mandibular Motor Movement of eyeball

Abducens nerve

Facial nerve

Mixed

Sensory: touch, pain & temperature sensations, proprioception & taste Somatic: facial expression Autonomic (paraSym): secretion of saliva & tears

Vestibulocochlear nerve

Sensory

Vestibular branch: conveys impulses related to equilibrium Chochlear branch: conveys impulses for hearing

Glossopharyngeal nerve

Mixed

10

Vagus nerve

Mixed

11

Accessory nerve

Motor

Sensory: taste & somatic sensations (touch, pain& temperature) from posterior 3rd of tongue; proprioception in swallowing muscles; monitoring blood pressure; monitoring O2 & CO2 in blood for regulation of breathing rate & depth Somatic: elevates pharynx during swallowing & speech Autonomic (parasym): stimulates secretion of saliva Sensory: taste & somatic sensations (touch, pain, temp & proprioception) from epiglottis & pharynx; monitoring of blood pressure; monitoring of O2 & CO2 in blood for regulation of breathing rate & depth; sensations from visceral organs in thorax & abdomen Somatic: swallowing, coughing & voice production; gag reflex Autonomic (parasymp): smooth muscle contraction& relaxation in organs of the GI tract; slowing heart rate; secretion of digestive fluids. Mediates movement of head & pectoral girdle

Anne Mariel Eusebio 2-EMT Physiology-Anatomy ears); deafness Injury= difficulty in swallowing, reduced secretion of saliva, loss of sensation in throat, loss of taste

Injury = interrupts sensations from many organs in thoracic & abdominal cavities; interferes w/ swallowing, paralyzes vocal cords, increase heart rate

12

Hypoglossal nerve

Motor

Movement of tongue during speech & swallowing

Damage nerve= sternocleidomastoid & trapezius become paralyzed, inability to raise shoulders/ turn head Injury= difficulty in chewing, swallowing & speaking