Alcohol

Psychological traits such as impulsiveness, low self-esteem, or a need for approval can prompt inappropriate drinking. (APA, Understanding Alcohol Use Disorders and Their Treatment, 2001)

Alcohol abuse and alcoholism can worsen existing conditions such as depression or induce new problems such as memory loss, depression, or anxiety. (APA, Understanding Alcohol Use Disorders and Their Treatment, 2001)

More than 50% of Americans have at least one close relative with a drinking problem. (APA, Understanding Alcohol Use Disorders and Their Treatment, 2001)

Older adults, ages 65 and older, have the lowest rate of alcohol problems. (National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism)

Young adults, ages 18-29, have the highest rate of alcohol problems. (National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism)

Nearly 14 million American adults is an alcohol abuser or alcoholic at any given time. (National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism)

http://apahelpcenter.org/articles/topic.php?id=6 Facts and statistics. 2005. distal (primitive hunter-gatherer societies; evolutionary approach study of universal characteristics across generations (macroanalysis) or proximal (within one's life span; behavioral-genetic approach)focus on individual variation within a single generation (microanalysis)
Loss despair devastating

A stable, healthy, loving and caring atmosphere in early parent-child relationship will create meaningful future interpersonal relationships. In contrast, a less stable and less secure atmosphere will develop a sense of insecure feel and remains until childs later interpersonal life.
Shaped by the contributions of others. There are a number of questions that current and future research on attachment needs to address. For example, it is probably the case that, while some romantic relationships are genuine attachment relationships, others are not. It will be necessary for future researchers to find ways to better determine whether a relationship is actually serving attachment-related functions. Second, although it is clear why attachment behavior may serve an important evolutionary function in infancy, it is not clear whether attachment serves an important evolutionary function among adults. Third, we still don't have a strong understanding of the precise factors that may change a person's attachment style. In the interest of improving peoples' lives, it will be necessary to learn more about the factors that promote attachment security and relational well-being

Napier, Mark and Asher, Levi. http://users.rcn.com/napier.interport/cwm/experim.html Ways on how we form romantic attachment Fearful, less confident Dismissing avoidant,

From

- Fear of intimacy - Rather not to trust others - Self sufficient - Uncomf when people get too close Preoccupied anxious Feel uncertainty, fear, despair when losing the person they love
As the child gets into their transitions period especially as turning into young adulthood, they tend to spend more time with peers and the society. Therefore, the influences come much from peers. The attachment basis provides the child the experience of the world, helping them to establish sense of security, trust and emotional stability.

Are less concerned with how happy you are, but how unified, the togetherness that is established between the two (What is a Romantic Attachment?) as a template to apply to future relationship experiences. Withdraw defensive behavior to cover up their insecurity Found the same figure as their caregiver CRITICISM: The impact of parenting in early age diminishes as ones enters their romantic life since romantic attachment formation establishes new major source of support and intimacy in a different life span. Have less effect Secure attachment provides a secure base. Safe haven http://dspace.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/43231/1/McMahon_and_Wilkinson_2005.p df Gives rise Infants attachment behavioral patterns In conclusion, there are huge aspects and a wide range of factors that influence ones ability of maintaining stable romantic relationships. they found that young adults from divorced families are less able to trust their romantic partners showed lower levels of commitment to their partners if they were from a divorced family Juleff, Lauren M. A study of Romantic Relationships. (2008) Retrieved from http://clearinghouse.missouriwestern.edu/manuscripts/464.asp?logon=&code= Those who are secure are far better equipped, at the same time they are also so much prepared for establishing and maintain stable close relationships even until later. Heinle, Alana. The Development of Intimacy. Retrieved from http://www.oberlin.edu/faculty/ndarling/adint.htm (identity) Development of attachment during infancy The strong affectional bond with caregiver is crucial for all other future attachments.
Parents who have used drugs may have difficulty in providing responsible and effective parenting Aggressive Childs environment influences

learn much about the world through their caregivers and therefore their caregivers must have much influence on their personality and their sense of others.Lee, 2003

Besides, expectation is said to somehow play a role in deciding the continuity of ones attachment cycle. Unconsciously, humans create these expectations for future attachment relationships, accordingly to how they are being treated by their caregiver earlier. (Brotherson, 2004)
Seeking independence transformations of life, relying more on to peers.

Source of early emotional security The loss of caregiver Capable to establish new while still maintaining (not letting go) the old attachments

showing that what children learn in the home may be irrelevant in the outside world lacking of parental support avoidance and excessive worries nya tu cari perhatian